Ziad Al-Ani - Practical Procedures in Dental Occlusion

Names: Al‐Ani, M. Ziad, author. | Yar, Riaz, author.

Title: Practical procedures in dental occlusion / Ziad Al‐Ani, Riaz Yar.

Description: First edition. | Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2021013458 (print) | LCCN 2021013459 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119678519 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119678489 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119678526 (epub)

Subjects: MESH: Dental Occlusion | Malocclusion–prevention & control | Orthodontics, Corrective–methods

Classification: LCC RK523 (print) | LCC RK523 (ebook) | NLM WU 440 | DDC 617.6/43–dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021013458LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021013459

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Image: © Ziad Al‐Ani

The authors wish to acknowledge the kind permission of Claire O'Connor, Neil Sparkes and Deborah Khadem in using them as photographic models in some chapters of this book.

We are very grateful to Tanya McMullin, Loan Nguyen and Bhavya Boopathi for their advice and support in the production of this text.

We would like to thank Mr Robert Gandy, Ceramist, The Cube Advanced Dental Laboratory for the Wax up on the front page and all the ceramic restorations documented in the book.

Don’t forget to visit the companion website for this book:

www.wiley.com/go/al‐ani‐and‐riaz/dental‐occlusion

There you will find valuable material designed to enhance your learning, including:

Videos

Figures from the book as downloadable PowerPoint slides

The subject of occlusion has traditionally been very difficult to learn, understand and manage. As a result, an unwanted mystique has been built around it that has intimidated a large part of the dental profession.

It is now more important than ever that dental practitioners familiarise themselves with a subject that so intimately affects their daily professional lives.

Restorative treatment outcome is highly dependent on the occlusion of the restoration when the treatment is complete and therefore sound up‐to‐date knowledge of all evidence‐based aspects of this commonly encountered condition is essential.

General practitioners usually have very limited practical clinical experience in occlusion and most of the books available for them are theory‐based resources.

This book aims to enable readers to gain a solid foundation of knowledge of occlusion, by providing practical, learnable, usable information and techniques which are demonstrated in a practical and easy‐to‐understand style. The intention is to explain current evidence‐based practical concepts in the field of dental occlusion so that they can be reflected in the reader's clinical practice.

The book contains a series of everyday clinical situations in occlusion, that may be encountered in general practice, to help readers understand and engage with the information and to promote effective clinical management.

It aims to provide practical guidance to what is required to optimise restorative treatment outcomes, including occlusion, in simple and advanced restorative care. The book also promotes learning as a dynamic process of active involvement. It encourages valuation by self‐assessment with questions at the end of the book.

It is important we address terminology right at the start to reduce the confusion that has been created throughout the history of occlusion. As a source, Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms 2017 edition is used throughout the book.

This chapter will address neuromuscular philosophies and introduce the neurolink between all systems from the periodontal mechanoreceptors on teeth through to central pattern generators in the pons and muscles and temporomandibular harmony.

This is a ‘how‐to’ chapter. It is important for the clinician to know the equipment and techniques used in occlusal examination, registration and record. This chapter also discusses facebow, articulators and how to make a stabilisation splint.

This chapter illustrates a classic problem most of the practitioners face when recording occlusal contacts using different articulating papers. It will highlight the following:

morphology and type of occlusal contacts in class 1, class 2 and class 3 relationships

the importance of selecting the correct size of articulating papers

the appropriate techniques in recording occlusal contacts

how to properly mark shiny occlusal surfaces.

This clinical scenario will highlight the possible factors which may contribute to this situation (a high crown). It discussed the importance of accurate opposing alginate impression and mounting of the casts. The laboratory handling of the cast and the provisional crown will be covered.

Using a clinical scenario of a change of patient bite following fitting of an indirect restoration, this chapter will mainly focus on the importance of adopting the conformative approach in restorative dentistry. The possibility of introducing iatrogenic changes to a patient's bite is quite real and can have immediate consequences. Avoidance of the problem is the best approach but to do this, you must be aware of the potential pitfalls in restorative care.

This clinical scenario of a fractured upper central incisor composite restoration will highlight the importance of checking premature contacts in centric relation and dynamic occlusion.

Opinion regarding the importance of occlusion as an aetiological factor in the development of TMDs has shifted between it being the main causative factor and there being no correlation at all. This chapter will discuss this controversy and provides the reader with findings from contemporary literature.

This chapter will explain the proper techniques which should be adopted when adjusting the occlusal contacts and interferences by the dentist.

This chapter will illustrate the concepts and practical steps of achieving occlusal surfaces which provide proper reconstruction of natural morphology. It will highlight the following aspects:

conforming to existing guidance in restored teeth

creating departure clearance spaces

the importance of the location of the occlusal contact.

This chapter will discuss occlusal trauma from functional or parafunctional forces. Lack of freedom in centric and the effect of RCP–ICP slide on anterior teeth will be also covered.