Abdenour Soualhi - Fault Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Reliability for Electrical Machines and Drives

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Elias Strangas

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Guy Clerc

Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Ampère Laboratory, CNRS UMR5005, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

Hubert Razik

Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Ampère Laboratory, CNRS UMR5005, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

Abdenour Soualhi

Univ Lyon, University of Jean Monnet, Laboratory LASPI EA-3059, F-42100 Saint Etienne, France

The authors would like to thank their doctoral students and collegues for their contributions to research in the area of failure diagnosis and prognosis in the field of the electrical engineering and their contribution to the writing of this book:

Anmol AGARWAL

Andrew BABEL

Mohamed BEN MARZOUG

Romain BREUNEVAL

Jorge CINTRON-RIVERA

Alexandre EID

Samuel EKE

Nathan EVANS

Shanelle FOSTER

Reemon HADDAD

Malorie HOLOGNE

Abdesselam LEBAROUD

John NEELY

Rodney SINGLETON

Diego VELAZCO

Sajjad ZAIDI

Wesley ZANARDELLI

Yang ZETONG

Shaopo HUANG

Selin AVIYENTE

A. E. G. H.

α, βDirect and quadrature axis of a fixed frameαFiring delay angleβWeibull parameterλFailure rateλFlux linkagesωSpeed of the rotor for two-pole equivalent machine, electrical rotor speedωmMechanical rotor speed, ωs = ω/pωrAngular speed of rotor variables, for an equivalent 2-pole machineωsSpeed of the stator variables for an equivalent two-pole machineΦFlux in WbΦTransition matrixBRRemanenceHcCoercivityL1The number of revolutions or hours that 90% of a group of apparently identical components will complete or exceed before failureLRRotor inductanceLSStator inductancepNumber of pole pairssSlip, s = (ωs – ω)/ωsTTorque in NmACAlternative currentANNArtificial Neural NetworkBNBaysian NetworkCBMCondition-Based MaintenanceCDFCumulative Distribution Functiond, q, 0Direct, quadrature and homopolar axis of a synchronous reference frameDAGDirected Acyclic GraphDCDirect currentDFDissipation factorEKFExtended Kalman FilterEMFElectromotive ForceFEAFinite element analysisFFTFast Fourier TransformFSFault signatureFTFault treeFTAFault tree analysisFTCFault-tolerant controlGaNGallium ArsenideHHTHilbert-Huang TransformHSCTHigh-sensitivity current transformerHSMMHidden Semi-Markov ModelIGBTInsulated-gate bipolar transistorISIInsulation health indicatorITSCInter-turn short circuitMBFFuzzy Membership FunctionsMCMarkov ChainMCMonte CarloMFCMetallized film capacitorMMFMagnetomotive force, ℱMOSFETMetal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistorMRASModel Reference Adaptive SystemMTTFMean time to failureMTTRMean time to repairNNNeural networkPFParticle filterPIPolarization indexPMACPermanent magnet ACPWMPulse width modulationRReliability functionRACReliability associated costsRBDReliability block diagramRFCRotor field-oriented controlRMSDRoot-mean-square deviationRNNRecurrent neural networkRULRemaining useful lifeSiSiliconSiCSilicon carbideSTFTShort-time Fourier transformSVMSupport vector machineTFTime-FrequencyWTWavelet transform

The progress in electrification of manufacturing processes, transportation, commercial, and residential applications is accelerating exponentially. This movement is supported by an increasing acceptance and use of electrical drives, which have progressed in terms of cost, size, efficiency, and performance. This progress enabled the use of drives in current and new applications that benefit from these characteristics. This resulted in lower environmental pollution, and applications requiring higher flexibility, such as electric and hybrid vehicles, more electric airplanes and electric ships, new energy sources, industrial controls, consumer electronics, health devices, etc.

Electrical drives that are of interest in this book are of widely varying sizes, from large wind generators and ship propulsion systems, down to miniature ones used in medical devices. The drives invariably use an electrical machine, power electronics, controllers, sensors, and occasionally batteries to operate. This ongoing expansion has resulted from progress on many fronts: