Ronald Attanasio - Dental Management of Sleep Disorders

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Second Edition

Dennis R. Bailey, DDS, FAGD, D, ABOP, D, ABDSM

Co‐Director, UCLA School of Dentistry, Dental Sleep Medicine, Comprehensive Overview

Visiting Lecturer in Orofacial Pain and Dental Sleep Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry;

Retired from Private Practice in Orofacial Pain and Dental Sleep Medicine, PC, Greenwood Village, CO, USA

Ronald Attanasio, DDS, MSEd, MS

Retired Professor

University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry

Lincoln, NE, USA;

Retired, Nebraska Dental Sleep Medicine

Lincoln, NE, USA

This second edition first published 2022

© 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Edition History Blackwell Publishing (1e, 2010)

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The right of Dennis R. Bailey and Ronald Attanasio to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.

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Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data applied for

ISBN: 9781118636688 (paperback)

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Image: © Dennis R. Bailey

This edition is dedicated to those who have offered encouragement and support as well as patience, culminating in this second edition. This is especially true of our spouses who have supported the long hours of dedication required to make this a reality. In addition, the support at Wiley‐Blackwell has always been appreciated. A textbook of this nature is also dedicated to those pioneers in sleep medicine who have done research and published learned texts and scientific articles that are the basis for creating each and every chapter in this edition. More importantly, this text is dedicated to those who are willing to spend the time to foster their education in this very dynamic and exciting area, all in an effort to provide optimum patient care.

Contributing Authors

Noura Alsufyani, BDS, PhD, DipFHID, FRCD(C), Diplm. ABOMROral & Maxillofacial Radiologist Associate Professor, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia Adjunct Professor, University of Alberta, Canada

Giulio Fortuna, DMD, PhDEditor‐in‐Chief of American Journal of Oral Medicine Clinical Senior Lecturer in Oral Medicine Honorary Consultant in Oral Medicine Glasgow Dental School & Hospital University of Glasgow Glasgow, Scotland, UK; D.eb.RA. Mexico Foundation, casi esq. P. Elías Calles Colonia Azteca, Guadalupe N.L., Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Federico Navarro Institute – School of Orgonomy “Piero Borrelli”, Corso Umberto I, Naples, Italy

Gary D. Klasser, DMDCert.Orofacial Pain Professor Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry, Department of Diagnostic Sciences New Orleans, LA, USA

Isabel Moreno Hay, DDS, PhD, ABOP, ABDSMDivision Chief, Orofacial Pain Program Director, Orofacial Pain Assistant Professor, College of Dentistry University of Kentucky Lexington, KY, USA

Lori Reisner, Pharm.D., FCSHPClinical Pharmacist, Neurological Surgery Department of Pharmaceutical Services Clinical Professor of Pharmacy Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Pharmacy University of California, San Francisco Medical Center San Francisco, CA, USA

Content Reviewers

Massimiliano Di Giosia, DDSDiplomate, American Board of Orofacial Pain Fellow, European Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine Visiting Clinical Associate Professor Department of Oral‐Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry Indiana University School of Dentistry Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

Diana Guth, BA, RRTOwner, Home Respiratory Care Los Angeles, CA, USA

Edward T. Sall, DDS, MD, MBAMedical Center Drive Fayetteville, NY, USA

The importance of sleep, the disciplines of sleep medicine and more specifically dental sleep medicine as well as the management of sleep disorders, has continued to develop over the past 10 years. In like manner, the involvement and contribution of dentistry has also grown. The role of the dentist has and continues to be primarily focused on the recognition and management of sleep‐related breathing disorders (SRBDs) primarily associated with the use of oral appliance therapy (OAT). It is recognized that dental practices see a significant number of patients on a regular basis, and this positions them such that screening for a variety of health‐related concerns potentially has a significant impact on the lives of the patients they encounter. This now applies to the recognition of a sleep disorder as well, estimated to involve 50–70 million people in the United States. In 2010, the Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA) indicted that 65% of patients between the age of 18 and 65 visit the dentist once a year. When considering the SRBD, in particular sleep apnea, it is recognized that roughly 80% of people who are at risk for this are currently undiagnosed, let alone adequately managed.