Genomic and Epigenomic Biomarkers of Toxicology and Disease

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This book is dedicated to my family:

My late parents, Gopinath and Ichhamoni, for their gift of life, love, and living examples

My wife, Jharana, for her life-long friendship, love, and support as well as for her patience and understanding of the long hours I spent at home on planning, writing, and editing this book

My children, Meghamala, Sudhir, Subir, and their spouses, for their love and care

My granddaughter, Naomi, and my grandson, Jonah, for their unconditional love, faith, and trust in me

Saura C. Sahu, PhD

Columbia, MD

August 2021

A biomarker is a measurable substance, found in body fluids or tissues as a result of exposure, infection, and/or disease, and it can be used for clinical practice. Genomics and epigenomics are modern scientific developments of the twenty-first century. They regulate gene expressions and play important roles in a wide range of human diseases, including cancer. The microRNAs are an important component of the molecular mechanisms of disease processes. Therefore they demonstrate potential for serving as biomarkers.

It is my sincere hope that the up-to-date information presented in this monograph will serve as a stimulus to investigators interested in genomic and epigenomic biomarkers research.

The importance of research on genomic and epigenomic biomarkers is evidenced by the growing number of contributions published each year. It becomes increasingly clear that developments in this field are moving so rapidly that new means are needed to report the status of ongoing research activities. The contributions presented in this monograph represent a collaborative effort by international experts in this emerging field of science.

The main purpose of this book is to assemble up-to-date, state-of-the-art information on genomic and epigenomic biomarkers presented by internationally recognized experts in a single edition. I sincerely hope that this book will provide an authoritative source of current information on biomarkers research and will prove useful to the scientists interested in this scientific discipline throughout the world. Moreover, it should be of interest to a variety of other scientific disciplines such as toxicology, medicine, and pharmacology, as well as to drug and food sciences.

Saura C. Sahu, PhD

Columbia, MD

I am indebted to the internationally recognized experts who shared my enthusiasm for this field of science and contributed generously to this book. They were selected from academia, industry, and government for their expertise in their own areas of research. Their work speaks for itself, and I am grateful to them for their strong commitment, cooperation, and excellent contributions in their areas of expertise.

I thank John Wiley & Sons Ltd, particularly Jenny Cossham and Katrina Maceda, for their excellent help, cooperation, support, and assistance with the timely publication of this book. Wiley published my first book, Hepatotoxicity: From Genomics to in vitro and in vivo Models , in 2007. Since then Wiley has published fifteen more of my books (including the current one), all in new, different, emerging, and developing areas of modern toxicology and medicine such as nanotoxicology, systems toxicology, toxicogenomics, epigenomics, microRNAs, stem cells—and I am still counting. I am amazed at Wiley’s trust in me. I am grateful to John Wiley & Sons Ltd for the rest of my life!

Saura C. Sahu, PhD

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