Svetlana Flemming - Colloquial Russian - The Next Step in Language Learning

delighted at the present

Note the expression ot i´meni ‘on behalf of ’: ot i´meni otca´ ‘on behalf of my father’.

Some verbs followed by ot:

zaviśet; ot

to depend on

za]i]a´t; / za]iti´t; ot

to defend from

osvobo'da´t;sq / osvobodi´t;sq ot

to free oneself from

otkaźyvat;sq / otkaza´t;sq ot

to refuse

otliha´t;sq ot

to be different from

otstava´t; / otsta´t; ot

to lag behind

Iz + genitive

In expressions of place iz is the opposite of v and means ‘from’. Use it to translate ‘from’ with those categories of nouns which use v to mean ‘to’, ‘into’, ‘in’: iz Ameŕiki ‘from America’; iz pustyńi

‘from the desert’; iz wkoĺy ‘from school’; iz butyĺki ‘from the bottle’; iz q´]ika ‘from a drawer’.

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Iz may also be used to indicate source or material: uzna´t; iz 2

gaze´ty ‘to find out from the newspaper’; sdeĺat; iz staĺi ‘to make 3

from steel’.

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It can also be used to indicate cause: iz neńavisti ‘out of hatred’; 5

iz blagodaŕnosti ‘from gratitude’.

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Note also: izo vsex sil ‘with all one’s might’; odiń iz nix 7

‘one of them’.

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Exercise 9

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Complete the following sentences by selecting s, ot or iz, as appro-3

priate.

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1 My prie´xali (s / ot / iz) [´ga. 2 Oni ne sleza´[t (s / ot / iz) 6

velosipe´dov kruglyj god. 3 Stol sdeĺan (s / ot / iz) deŕeva. 4 De´ti 7

pri´wli (s / ot / iz uĺicy). 5 My poluhiĺi \´tu informaći[ (s /

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ot / iz) dire´ktora. 6 Toĺ;ko odna´ (s / ot / iz) vas sdala´ \kza´men.

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7 (S / Ot / Iz) desq´togo po dvadca´toe i[ńq. 8 Ona´ (s / ot / iz) 20111

Frańcii. 9 (S / Ot / Iz) kako´j storony´? 10 Poézd otxo´dit (s / ot /

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iz) vokzaĺa v 18.00

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Verbs with the dative

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There are some verbs in this unit which are followed by the dative 8

case:

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ne razrewa´[t ba´jkeram

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they do not permit the bikers

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Other verbs taking the dative include:

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veŕit; (po-)

to believe

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grozi´t;, ugro'a´t;

to threaten

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doverq´t;

to trust

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zavi´dovat;

to envy

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mewa´t; (po)

to stop, hinder

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podxodi´t; / podojti´

to suit

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pozvolq´t; / pozvoli´t;

to permit

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pomoga´t; / pomo´h;

to help

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prikaźyvat; / prikaza´t;

to order

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ra´dovat;sq (ob-)

to be pleased

sle´dovat; (po-)

to follow

sove´tovat; (po-)

to advise

sohu´vstvovat; (po-)

to sympathise with

udivlq´t;sq / udivi´t;sq

to be surprised

Idti´ can be used with the dative in the expression: Vam ide¨t

it suits you

Note how the verb prinadle'a´t; ‘to belong’ is used: bu´du]ee prinadle'i´t im ‘the future belongs to them’.

But when membership of a group or club is referred to, the verb is followed by k + dative: Oni prinadle'a´t k klu´bu ba´jkerov

‘They belong to a bikers club’.

Exercise 10

Use the words in brackets in the correct form.