Мартин Форд - Роботы наступают

См., например: Ben Casselman, «Low Pay Clouds Job Growth», Wall Street Journal , April 3, 2013, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324635904578643654030630378.html.

Данная информация содержится в ежемесячных отчетах о занятости Бюро трудовой статистики. Согласно данным Table A-5 в отчете за декабрь 2007 г. ( http://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/empsit_01042008.pdf), количество рабочих мест с полной занятостью составляло 122 млн, с частичной — около 24 млн. Согласно данным Table A-8 в отчете за август 2013 г. ( http://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/empsit_09062013.pdf), количество рабочих мест с полной занятостью составляло около 117 млн, с частичной — 27 млн.

David Autor, «The Polarization of Job Opportunities in the U. S. Labor Market: Implications for Employment and Earnings», a paper jointly released by The Center for American Progress and The Hamilton Project, April 2010, pp. 8–9, http://economics.mit.edu/files/5554.

David Autor, «The Polarization of Job Opportunities in the U. S. Labor Market: Implications for Employment and Earnings», a paper jointly released by The Center for American Progress and The Hamilton Project, April 2010, pp. 8–9, http://economics.mit.edu/files/5554, с. 4.

David Autor, «The Polarization of Job Opportunities in the U. S. Labor Market: Implications for Employment and Earnings», a paper jointly released by The Center for American Progress and The Hamilton Project, April 2010, pp. 8–9, http://economics.mit.edu/files/5554, с. 2.

Jaimovich and Siu, «The Trend Is the Cycle: Job Polarization and Jobless Recoveries», p. 2.

Chrystia Freeland, «The Rise of 'Lovely' and 'Lousy' Jobs», Reuters, April 12, 2012, http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/04/12/column-freeland-middleclass-idUSL2E8FCCZZ20120412.

Galina Hale and Bart Hobijn, «The U. S. Content of 'Made in China'», Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (FRBSF), Economic Letter, August 8, 2011, http://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/economic-letter/2011/august/us-made-in-china/.

Источник данных: База данных по экономической статистике Федеральной резервной системы (Federal Reserve Economic Data, FRED), Федеральный резервный банк Сент-Луиса: все работники, промышленность, в тысячах человек, с учетом сезонных колебаний [MANEMP], поделенные на все работники: общие показатели для торговли и промышленности (кроме сельского хозяйства), в тысячах человек, с учетом сезонных колебаний [PAYEMS]; Бюро трудовой статистики Министерства торговли США; https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/series/PAYEMS/; данные по состоянию на 10.06.2014.

Bruce Bartlett, «'Financialization' as a Cause of Economic Malaise», New York Times (Economix blog), June 11, 2013, http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/06/11/financialization-as-a-cause-of-economic-malaise/; Brad Delong, «The Financialization of the American Economy» (blog), October 18, 2011, http://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2011/10/the-financialization-of-the-american-economy.html.

Simon Johnson and James Kwak, 13 Bankers: The Wall Street Takeover and the Next Financial Meltdown (New York: Pantheon, 2010), pp. 85–86.

Matt Taibbi, «The Great American Bubble Machine», Rolling Stone, July 9, 2009, http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/the-great-american-bubble-machine-20100405.

Существует ряд работ, в которых демонстрируется взаимосвязь между финансиализацией и неравенством. См. исчерпывающий анализ: James K. Galbraith, Inequality and Instability: A Study of the World Economy Just Before the Great Crisis (New York: Oxford University Press, 2012). Подробнее о взаимосвязи между финансиализацией и снижением доли труда см.: Global Wage Report 2012/13 , International Labour Organization, 2013, http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/—dgreports/—dcomm/—publ/documents/publication/wcms_194843.pdf.

Susie Poppick, «4 Ways the Market Could Really Surprise You», CNN Money , January 28, 2013, http://money.cnn.com/gallery/investing/2013/01/28/stock-market-crash.moneymag/index.html.

Matthew Yglesias, «America's Private Sector Labor Unions Have Always Been in Decline», Slate (Moneybox blog), March 20, 2013, http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/03/20/private_sector_labor_unions_have_always_been_in_decline.html.

Подробнее о медианных показателях оплаты труда и профсоюзных организациях в Канаде см.: Miles Corak, «The Simple Economics of the Declining Middle Class — and the Not So Simple Politics», Economics for Public Policy Blog, August 7, 2013, http://milescorak.com/2013/08/07/the-simple-economics-of-the-declining-middle-class-and-the-not-so-simple-politics/; а также см.: «Unions on Decline in Private Sector», CBC News Canada, September 2, 2012, http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/unions-on-decline-in-private-sector-1.1150562.

Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, «The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?», Oxford Martin School, Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, September 17, 2013, p. 38, http://www.futuretech.ox.ac.uk/sites/futuretech.ox.ac.uk/files/The_Future_of_Employment_OMS_Working_Paper_1.pdf.

Paul Krugman, «Robots and Robber Barons», New York Times, December 9, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/10/opinion/krugman-robots-and-robber-barons.html?gwh=054BD73AB17F28CD31B3999AABFD7E86; Jeffrey D. Sachs and Laurence J. Kotlikoff, «Smart Machines and Long-Term Misery», National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 18629, issued in December 2012, http://www.nber.org/papers/w18629.pdf.

Robert J. Gordon, «Is U. S. Economic Growth Over? Faltering Innovation Confronts the Six Headwinds», National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER Working Paper 18315, issued in August 2012, http://www.nber.org/papers/w18315; см. также: http://faculty-web.at.northwestern.edu/economics/gordon/is%20us%20economic%20growth%20over.pdf.

Подробнее об S-обратных кривых в производстве полупроводников см.: Murrae J. Bowden, «Moore's Law and the Technology S-Curve», Current Issues in Technology Management, Stevens Institute of Technology, Winter 2004, https://www.stevens.edu/howe/sites/default/files/bowden_0.pdf.