Владимир Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 1 курс

a

I

must (must not)

forget it. listen

)

He (She)

to him. read this

We You They

book.

b

I

)

he (she)

repeat the nouns?

Must

we

read this book?

you

translate the story?

they

e. g. Must I read this book? — Yes, you must. No, you needn't.

Note. В отрицательных ответах на вопросы с глаголом must используется

отрицательная форма другого модального глагола need — needn't,

обозначающая необязательность выполнения действия.

EXERCISES

I.

a) Study Substitution Tables No. 1, 2, 3 and compose as many

sentences as you can. Let the members of the class ask and answer

questions as in the model. Give a short answer using contracted forms

and add a sentence of your own.

M o d e l : May I stay at home on Saturday?

No, you mustn't. You are to go to your classes.

b) Respond to the negative sentences of your fellow-student as in the model. Use

contracted forms in speech.

M o d e l : I can't write Exercise Three.

You needn't do it now.

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II.

a) The material below is to be prepared for reading. Mark the

stresses and tunes. Concentrate your attention on the vowel [ае]. b) Let

your fellow-student read this exercise aloud for you to detect his possible

errors in sounds. Tell him what must be done to eliminate them:

[жI 1. That's the man who sat on my hat in the tram. 2. Once there lived a

lad who was always very sad. For he hadn't any mother and he hadn't any dad.

3. Where are you going to, my little cat ? I'm going to

town to buy a hat! What! ? A hat for a cat? A cat in a hat?

Who ever saw a cat in a hat?

III.

Write the following words and phrases in transcription and explain the

reading rules:

share, store, here, cure, fur, term, more, firm, spare, sphere, wire, mere, a

spare moment, a famous painter, a rare ring, the upper teeth, the thick wood,

the first letter, the next room, the full moon, the vast territory.

IV. Before you start working at the text practise the sounds in the following words

and word combinations;

!• [i:] — please, read, believe, weak, clean; [i] — ill, begin, transcription,

distinct, listen, switch; [e] —lesson, present, temperature, let, exercise, check,

text, rest, any, correct; [ae]— absent, bad, palatalization, family, thank.

2. a) Alveolars replaced by dentals: inwthe nouns, at^the board, readjthe

text, cleanjthe board;

b) Loss of plosion: sit-down, reac^Text 7, write-down, nextjime;

c) Clear [I] before [j:]: willwyou take, willwyou please switch on the

cassette-recorder?

V. a) Listen to the recording of the text "Our English Lesson". Mark

the stresses and tunes, b) Practise the text for test reading. Listen to the

text very carefully until you can say it in exactly the same way. c) Me-

morize the text and dramatize it.

VI. Transcribe the following sentences, mark the stresses and tunes.

Read the sentences aloud:

1. Don't go to the cinema tonight. 2. Don't forget. 3. Get us some chalk. 4.

Pronounce the sentence. 5. Find page twenty-nine. 6. Stand up, please. 7.

Good morning, everybody. 8. Sit down, please. 9. Any mistakes noticed? 10.

Is everything correct, Pete? 11. What's the pronunciation of this word? 12. Do

you follow me?

VII. Answer the following questions:

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A* 1. Can you speak English well? 2. Can you speak French well? 3. Can

you understand Spanish? 4. Can you count the chairs in this room? 5. Can we

write without a pen or a pencil? 6. What can we do with a fountain-pen ? 7.

May I take your textbook? 8. May Helen leave the classroom? 9. May we go

to the pictures? 10. Must we speak English now? 11. What must we have if

we want to write a letter? 12. What must we have if we want to buy

something? 13. What must we use if we want to wash our hands? 14. What

must you do when you have flu? 15. What must you do to make your reading

distinct?

ВЛ. Is this your pen or mine? 2. Whose bag is this? 3. Is this watch yours

or mine? 4. Is that watch hers or his? 5. Is this your room or theirs? 6. Is this

box yours or ours? 7. Is this your desk or their desk? 8. Is this notebook mine

or yours? 9. Is this cassette-recorder ours or theirs?

С. 1. How many students are there in your group? 2. How many students

are absent? 3. How many students are present? 4. Who is the monitor in your

group? 5. What is the monitor's name? 6. Have you got any bag? 7. Where is

your bag? 8. Have you got a ball-pen? Is it a good one? What colour is it? 9. Is

there much chalk at the board? 10. Have you many books at home? 11. Are

there Russian or English books in your bag? 12. Have you got a watch? Is it

right or wrong? 13. Is N's watch fast or slow? 14. Is A's dress black or brown?

15. Is B's ball-pen green or yellow?

VIII. a) Write the interrogative and negative forms of the following sentences:

1. She can spell the noun correctly. 2. You may take your exercise-book. 3.

He can write this in transcription. 4. There are some mistakes in her dictation.

5. My sister has got two interesting magazines. 6. Doctor Sandford is busy in

his study. 7. Spelling is her weak point.

b) Express your surprise at the given statement as in the model.

M o d e l : You may take those pencils. Oh,

may I? Of course, you may.

с) Respond to the same statement in the negative.

M o d e l : You may take those pencils.

Oh, no. I'm afraid, I may not take them.

IX. Work in pairs. Ask your fellow-student logical questions on the

given statements and answer them. Use the modal verbs:

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1. We have got headphonesfor the whole group. 2. Everybodymust

go to the laboratory today.3. Marycan help us with the

cassette-recorder.

X. Fill in the missing modal verbs:

1. You ... go out today. It's too cold. 2. Д-Д take your fountain-pen? — Do,

please. 3. We not carry^the bookcase upstairs. It is too heavy. 4. When ... you

come to see us? — I come only tomorrow. 5. Shall I write a letter to him? —

No, you it is not necessary. 6. Mary finish the work at once. 7; :ь you cut

something without a knife? 8. Peter ../return the book to the library. We all

want to read it. 9. Why'.//* not you understand it? It is so easy. lOuu we do the

exercise at once? 1 l/rfЈl)you pronounce this sound?

XI.

a) Write sentences according to the following models using the

words and word combinations given below.

M o d e l 1: Let's begin our morning exercises.

read the text; write on the blackboard; do the exercises; speak to the dean.