Владимир Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 1 курс

бывший

school-mateсоученик, школьный товарищ; сравни: a fellow-student

товарищ по институту companionтоварищ

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girl-friendподруга; boy-friendтоварищ, друг jolly

веселый, славный well-bredхорошо воспитанный

elderстарший (о членах семьи); olderстарше. Например: My elder

sister is 28. She is two years older than I. I am two years younger than my

sister.

house-wifeдомашняя хозяйка

naughtyнепослушный, шаловливый

to be fond of smth; to likeлюбить, нравиться

to be eagerочень хотеть

to be againstбыть против

peaceпокой; сравни: piece кусок

TOPICAL VOCABULARY

Relations by Birth: parents, father, mother, sister, brother, son,

daughter, grandfather, grandmother, grandson, granddaughter, grandchildren,

grandparents, great-grandfather, great-grandmother, great-grandchildren,

uncle, aunt, cousin, nephew, niece

Relations by Marriage: husband, wife, father-in-law, mqther-m-law,

son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, stepmother,

stepfather, stepchildren, stepbrother (sister, son, daughter) v t

People's Age*

What's your age? (How old are you?)

I am seventeen. I am seventeen years old. I am under seventeen.

I am over seventeen. I am nearly eighteen.

I am under age yet. = I am not yet eighteen.

In three month's time I'll come of age.

She is still in her teens (13—19). She is a teen-ager.

She is in her (early, mid, late) teerfs.

She is in her (early, late) thirties [ i . e. between 29 and 40). She is a

middle-aged person. She is an elderly person.

Animals and birds [domestic): horse, cow, dog, cat, goat, pig, swine,

ass, rabbit, hen, cock, goose (geese), duck, turkey

Animals and birds (wild): lion, tiger, wolf (wolves), bear, fox, hare,

elephant, mouse (mice), monkey, hedgehog, eagle, swan, sparrow, swallow,

parrot, pigeon, donkey

CONVERSATIONAL PHRASES

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Agreement: Sure. Why, yes of course. By all means. That'd be lovely. I'd

be glad to. How nice of you. It (certainly) is.

Disagreement: By no means.'Far from it. I'm afraid I don't agree. I think

you're mistaken. Just the other way round. I'd like to say yes, but... I'm awfully

sorry but you see...

1.Приложение обычно выделяется в отдельную смысловую группу,

ударно и произносится тем же тоном, что и определяемое слово, но на

более низком уровне.

My -> brother-in-law, | -» Henry ,Sandford... # %%j

2. You know — вводная смысловая группа. Вводная смысловая

группа в конце предложения безударна и продолжает мелодию

предшествующей смысловой группы :

Гт a х writer, | —> just a bevginner, you know.

_liu

3. Слово well-bred является составным прилагательным. Составные

прилагательные обычно произносятся с ударением на каждом из

составляющих слово элементов. Например: 'well-'known, 'good-'looking,

'kind-'hearted, 'absent-'minded.

В связной речи под влиянием ритма одно из ударений может

опускаться. Например: She is а -»good-looking vgirl.

STUDY THE FOLLOWING

T a b l e No1

POSSESSIVE CASE OF NOUNS

the room of my sister — my sister's [z] room

the son of my friend — my friend's [z] son

the answer of the student — the student's [s| answer

the works of Marx — Marx's [iz] works

the books of the students — the students' books

the flat of my mother-in-law — my mother-in-law's [z]flat

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e, g. My brother'sflat is large. The girl'slace is

pretty. These are Byron'spoems. The students'

answers are correct. My daughter-in-law'sroom is

small.

T a b l e No. 2

THE VERB TO HAVE IN THE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

I (we, you, they)have (got)1afather, cousin, book, flat.He (she)has (got)

I (we, you, they)have (got)someink, time, work. French books, new maps, good

pictures.He (she)has (got)

Hav

e

I (we, you, they)

a

father, cousin, book, flat?

Has

he (she)

Hav

any

ink, time, work? friends?

e

I (we, you, they)

cousins? children?

Has

he (she)

PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

I (we, you, they)haven't

•

have no haven't (got)any aink, time, work, books, cousins, maps, mother-in-

law.hasn'tanyink, time, work.He (she)has nochildren.sisters-in-law.hasn't (got)ason,

book, map.

Примечание.

Неопределенное

местоимение

some

употребляется

в

утвердительных предложениях; any — в вопросительных и отрицательных

предложениях, по — только в отрицательных; not any предпочтительно в

разговорной речи

1 В разговорной речи глагол to have очень часто заменяется формой have got.

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The book is onthe table. The pencil is inthe box.

The ball is underthe table. The boy is atthe window.

Go intothe room!

Take the newspaper out ofthe bag!

Go tothe blackboard.

Take the book fromthe library.

Go downthe stairs.

Look up.

NUMERALS 1—12

13—19

CardinalOrdinalone[ WAn ] the first[f3:st]two[tu:]the second['sekand]three[6ri:]the

third[9 :d]four[fo:]the fourth[fo:9]five[faiv]the fifth1[fife]six[siks]the

3

sixth[siksG]seven['scvn]the seventh['sevnO]eight[eitlthe eighth[eite]nine[nam]the

ninth[патв]ten[ten]the tenth[ten9]eleven[I'levn]the eleventh[I'levne]twelve[twelv]the

twelfth[twelfG]

1 Полужирным шрифтом выделены числительные, представляющие особые

трудности в написании.