Ivan Goldman - Sick Justice - Inside the American Gulag

38. Thompson, “Prosecution Rests.”

39. Ibid.

40. Jack Leonard, “Supreme Court Takes Dim View of Suing Prosecutors,” Los Angeles Times , January 9, 2011.

41. David G. Savage, “U.S. Supreme Court Says District Attorneys Are Immune from Wrongful-Conviction Suits,” Los Angeles Times , January 27, 2011.

42. Leonard, “Supreme Court Takes Dim View of Suing Prosecutors.”

43. Gerald Burge v. State of Louisiana, No. 10-C-2229, Supreme Court of Louisiana (2011); Innocence Project New Orleans, “Gerald Burge,” 2011, http://www.ip-no.org/exonoree-profile/gerald-burge.

44. Miller interview.

45. Innocence Project, “Juan Rivera,” Know the Cases , http://www.innocenceproject.org/Content/Juan_Rivera.php; and Martin, “Prosecution’s Case against DNA.”

46. Martin, “Prosecution’s Case against DNA.”

47. Lisa Black, “Under Fire, Lake County Prosecutor Retiring,” Chicago Tribune , December 8, 2011.

48. Martin, “Prosecution’s Case against DNA.”

49. Ibid.

50. Ibid.

51. Dan Hinkel, “Suspect in Zion Killings Denied Change of Venue in Federal Murder Trial,” Chicago Tribune , September 24, 2012.

52. Martin, “Prosecution’s Case against DNA.”

53. Campbell Robertson, “Deal Frees West Memphis Three in Arkansas,” New York Times , August 19, 2011. A particularly thorough treatment of this compelling case is Mara Leveritt, Devil’s Knot: The True Story of the West Memphis Three (New York: Atria Books, 2003).

54. Paradise Lost , directed by Joe Berlinger and Bruce Sinofsky, was released by HBO in 1996.

55. The study is Richard A. Leo and Steven A. Drizin, “The Problem of False Confessions in the Post DNA World,” North Carolina Law Review 82 (2004): 891–1007. See also Liptak, “Study Suspects Thousands of False Convictions.”

56. Liptak, “Study Suspects Thousands of False Convictions.”

1. Margaret Carlson and Charles Keating, “Interview with Charles Keating Money Talks,” Time , April 9, 1990.

2. Prerna Anand, “Winners and Losers: Corrections and Higher Education in California,” California Common Sense , September 5, 2012; Aaron Sankin, “California Spending More on Prisons than Colleges, Report Says,” Huffington Post , September 6, 2012, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/06/california-prisons-colleges_n_1863101.html.

3. Mark Martin and Pamela J. Podger, “Prison Guards’ Clout Difficult to Challenge,” San Francisco Chronicle , February 2, 2004.

4. Allysia Finley, “California Prison Academy: Better than a Harvard Degree,” Wall Street Journal , April 30, 2011.

5. Ibid.

6. Jenifer Warren, “Gov. Names Interim Prison System Chief,” Los Angeles Times , February 27, 2006.

7. Joe Mathews, “How Prospects for Prop. 66 Fell So Far, So Fast,” Los Angeles Times , November 7, 2004.

8. Arianna Huffington, “The Battle over CA Prop 5: Special Interests Overwhelming the Public Interest,” Huffington Post , October 30, 2008, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/arianna-huffington/the-battle-over-ca-prop-5_b_139474.html.

9. Steve Lopez, “Video by Prison Guards Union Links Campaign Donations to New Contract,” Los Angeles Times , May 22, 2011.

10. Finley, “California Prison Academy.”

11. Ibid.; Jack Dolan, “New Contract for California Prison Guards Lifts Cap on Saved Vacation,” Los Angeles Times , April 19, 2011.

12. Laura Sullivan, “San Quentin’s Gym Becomes One Massive Cell,” All Things Considered , NPR, July 7, 2008.

13. Marisa Lagos, “Cuts in Programs to Help Inmates Questioned,” San Francisco Chronicle , February 16, 2010.

14. Don Thompson, “US Supreme Court to Consider California Prison Overcrowding,” Huffington Post , November 29, 2010.

15. David G. Savage and Patrick McGreevy, “U.S. Supreme Court Orders Massive Inmate Release to Relieve California’s Crowded Prisons,” Los Angeles Times , May 24, 2011.

16. Ibid.

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid.

19. Don Thompson, “California Inmate Release: Schwarzenegger Prison Reform Policies Were Mixed,” Huffington Post , May 24, 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/05/24/california-inmate-release_n_866189.html.

20. Ibid.

21. Lois Davis, “California’s Prisoner Shuffle,” Los Angeles Times , August 19, 2011.

22. Ibid.

23. Associated Press, “Calif. Expands New Parole Program Based on Hawaii Model,” Star Advertiser , September 18, 2011.

24. Ibid.

25. Davis, “California’s Prisoner Shuffle.”

26. James Sterngold, “Illiteracy Reinforces Prisoners’ Captivity,” San Francisco Chronicle , December 27, 2006.

27. Ibid.

28. “From Cellblocks to Classrooms: Reforming Inmate Education To Improve Public Safety,” Legislative Analysts Office, February 2008.

29. Lagos, “Cuts in Programs to Help Inmates Questioned.”

30. Jack Dolan and Carol J. Williams, “No Easy Fix for California’s Prison Crisis,” Los Angeles Times , May 25, 2011.

31. David G. Savage and Patrick McGreevy, “U.S. Supreme Court Orders Massive Inmate Release to Relieve California’s Crowded Prisons,” Los Angeles Times , May 24, 2011.

32. Dolan and Williams, “No Easy Fix for California’s Prison Crisis.”

33. “12 Million Verdict Hits Calif. Prison Guards Union,” Ventura County Star , October 23, 2010.

34. Dan Strumpf, “With Fewer to Lock Up, Prisons Shut Doors,” Wall Street Journal , February 10, 2013.

1. See GEO Group home page, http://www.geogroup.com, accessed June 2012.

2. “The Stanford Prison Experiment: A Simulation Study of the Psychology of Imprisonment Conducted at Stanford University,” August 20, 1971, http://www.prisonexp.org.

3. Natalie Martinez, “Chicago to Have Most Expensive Parking Meters in North America,” NBC Chicago, December 27, 2012, http://www.nbcchicago.com/traffic/transit/chicago-parking-meters-2013-rates-184874621.html.

4. Federal Contractor Misconduct Database, Project on Governmental Oversight, http://www.contractormisconduct.org/index.cfm/1,73,223,html?criteria=Geo+wackenhut&submit=search; Deborah Dupre, “Wachenhut/GEO Private Prison Abuse Spotlight,” Examiner.com , January 10, 2012, http://www.examiner.com/article/wackenhut-geo-private-prison-abuse-spotlight.

1. Alan Greenspan, The Age of Turbulence: Adventures in a New World (New York: Penguin, 2008).

2. See Frances Fox Piven, Who’s Afraid of Frances Fox Piven? The Essential Writings of the Professor Glenn Beck Loves to Hate (New York: New Press, 2011).

3. Patrick Russell, interview with the author, October 6, 2011.

4. More than half of the many people I’ve spoken to who’ve taken collect calls from inmates via Global Tel Link, including lawyers, complained of technical problems or prices. I’ve also experienced problems myself.

5. “Corrections Corporation of America (CXW),” Yahoo! Finance , http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=cxw&ql=1.

6. Corrections Corporation of America, “About CCA,” 2008, http://www.cca.com/about/.

7. Andy Obermueller, “Strapped States Are Bullish for Private Prisons,” Forbes , March 18, 2010.

8. Ibid.

9. Chris Kirkham, “Private Prison Corporation Offers Cash in Exchange for State Prisons,” Huffington Post , February 14, 2012, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/14/private-prisons-buying-state-prisons_n_1272143.html.