Norman Stone - The Atlantic and Its Enemies

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After World War II, the former allies were saddled with a devastated world economy and traumatized populace. Soviet influence spread insidiously from nation to nation, and the Atlantic powers—the Americans, the British, and a small band of allies—were caught flat-footed by the coups, collapsing armies, and civil wars that sprung from all sides. The Cold War had begun in earnest.
In
, prize-winning historian Norman Stone assesses the years between World War II and the collapse of the Iron Curtain. He vividly demonstrates that for every Atlantic success there seemed to be a dozen Communist or Third World triumphs. Then, suddenly and against all odds, the Atlantic won—economically, ideologically, and militarily—with astonishing speed and finality.
An elegant and path-breaking history,
is a monument to the immense suffering and conflict of the twentieth century, and an illuminating exploration of how the Atlantic triumphed over its enemies at last.

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scientific and technological developments

Second World War

shortages and starvation

Siberian gas pipeline

Sino-Soviet split

slave labour

space programme

Spetsnaz (‘special forces’ troops)

stage managment of revolutions of 1989

Stalin’s purges

steel industry

strikes

television

and Turkey

underground theatre

universities

and Vietnam

Western studies of Soviet economy

winter war with Finland (1939-40)

see also Communist Party of Soviet Union; KGB; Red Army; RussianWar; Russian Revolution

Ussuri river

Ustinov, Dmitry

Uzbekistan

Uzbeks

Uzunada island

V

Vaizey, John, Baron

Valparaíso

Van, Turkey

Vance, Cyrus

Vandenberg Resolution (1948)

Vann, John

Vatican

Papal Guard

Vatican(ecumenical council)

Venezuela, oil production

Venice

Venice conference (1956)

venture capital

Verheugen, Günter

Verlaine, Paul

Vernadsky, George

Vernadsky, Vladimir

Vial (Chilean conglomerate)

Vichy France

Vienna:

airport bombing (1985)

Atomic Energy Commission

author’s studies in

espionage in

Karl-Marx Hof bombardment (1934)

Kraus on

OPEC headquarters

post-war rebuilding

State Opera

Taylor on

Vienna conference (1961)

Vienna OPEC conference (1973)

Vienna school of economics

Vietnam:

agricultual collectivization

‘boat people’

Buddhists

Catholics

Chinese minority population

Communist Party

famine

French rule

France-Indochina war

independence movement

industrialization

invasion of Cambodia (1978)

Japanese invasion (1941)

partition

peasantry

war with China see also North Vietnam; South Vietnam

Vietnam War (1959-75):

American conscription

American public opposition

Ap Bac, battle of (1963)

bombing campaigns

ceasefire

CIA involvement

civilian casualty totals

corruption

European response to

fall of Saigon (1975)

guerrilla warfare

Gulf of Tonkin incident (1964)

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Khe Sanh, battle of (1968)

Lam Son operation (1971)

media coverage

military casualty totals

My Lai massacre (1968)

numbers of American troops deployed

origins of

Paris peace talks

‘peace initiatives’

Phoenix ‘pacification’ programme

Tet offensive (1968)

use of Agent Orange

use of helicopters

‘Vietnamization’

Vilna

Vinde, Pierre

Vladikavkaz

Volcker, Paul

Volga Famine (1921-2)

Volga river

Volhynia

Volkswagen (automobile manufacturer)

Volobuyev, P. N.

Volvo (automobile manufacturer)

voodoo

Vorkuta

Voroshilov, Kliment

Vuskovic, Pedro

W

Waeyenbergh, Mgr Honoré van

wages councils (British)

Wagner, Richard

Parsifal

Wagner, Wieland

Wajda, Andrzej

Walden, George

Walder, Andrea

Waldheim, Kurt

Walentynowicz, Anna

Wałęsa, Lęch

Wall Street (film)

Wall Street Journal

Walpole, Robert, 1st Earl of Orford

Walters, Sir Alan

Wandlitz

Warburton, Peter

Warnock, Mary, Baroness

Warsaw:

post-war reoccupation

Uprising (1944)

‘Washington consensus’

Washington Post

Watergate scandal

Watkins, Alan

Waugh, Evelyn

Wehner, Herbert

Weimar Republic

Weinberger, Caspar

Weinstock, Arnold, Baron

Weizsäcker, Richard von

Wells, H. G.

Werfel, Franz

Werfel, Roman

Werner, Pierre

West Berlin:

access agreements with East

birth rate

Brandt as mayor

isolation of

student population

subsidies

symbolism of

war damage

Weizsäcker as mayor see also Berlin Wall

West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany):

agriculture

automobile industry

balance of payments

birth rates

Bundesbank (Federal Bank)

Catholic Church

Christian Democrats (CDU)

coal production

Communist Party

conservatism

constitution

contraceptivedevelopment

cultural institutions

economic miracle

education system ( see also universities)

elections: (1965); (1969); (1972)

establishment of West German state

and European Atomic Community

and European Economic Community

exports

fiftieth anniversary

floating of currency

Franco-German reconciliation

Free Democrats (FDP)

Grand Coalition (SPD-CDU)

Green Party

‘guest workers’

and Helsinki conference (1975)

immigration from East Germany

income per capita

inflation

intelligentsia

introduction of Deutsche Mark

and Kurdish nationalism

‘Little’ coalition (SPD-FDP)

missile bases

NATO membership

neo-Nazism

and nuclear weapons

Ostpolitik

peasantry

political institutions

privatizations

productivity levels

protectionism

rearmament

Red Army Faction

refugee leagues

regional policy

relations with Poland

relations with USSR

reunification

shipbuilding

Social Democrats (SPD)

Soviet gas supplies

Sozialmarktwirtschaft

steel production

taxation

television

terrorism

trade unions

traffic policy

treaties with East Germany (1971-2)

Turkish immigrants

universities

welfare system

Western European Union

Westland affair (‘Westgate’; 1986)

Westmoreland, William

Weyand, Frederick.

Whampoa Military Academy, China

White, Harry Dexter

White, Stephen

Whitelaw, William, 1st Viscount

Wilde, Oscar

Wilson, Harold, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx

Wilson, Jan

wind power

Windsor, Philip

winter weather of 1946-7

Wörner, Manfred

Wohlstetter, Albert

Wojtyła, Karol see John Paul, Pope

Wolf, Markus

Wolfe, Tom:

Bonfire of the Vanities

‘Radical Chic’

Wolle, Stefan

women, working

Wordsworth, William

World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development)

World Trade Organization

Wozniak, Stephen

WRON (Polish national security council)

Wyatt, Woodrow, Baron Wyatt of Weeford

X

Xenophon, Anabasis

Xerox (corporation)

Y

Yakovlev, Aleksandr

Yale, Linus

Yale University

Yalta

Yalta conference (1945)

Yangtze river

Yekaterinburg

Yeltsin, Boris

Yemen

Yenan

Yergin, Daniel

‘yobs’

Yol (film)

Yom Kippur War (1973)

Young, Hugo

Yugoslavia:

Albanians in

and Algerian war

civil wars and disintegration

communist takeover

Ecevit tours

ethnic groups

and GreekWar

and Hungarian uprising of 1956

instability

‘Little Entente’

nationalism

neutrality

partisans

Party expelled from Cominform

relations with USSR

strategic importance

wartime resistance movements

Yunan province

‘yuppies’

Yuzovka (Donetsk)

Z

Z (film)

Zagreb

Zaisser, Wilhelm

Zana, Leyla

Zay, Jean

Zeeland

Zeit , Die (newspaper)

Zeldovitch, Y. B.

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