Norman Stone - The Atlantic and Its Enemies

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After World War II, the former allies were saddled with a devastated world economy and traumatized populace. Soviet influence spread insidiously from nation to nation, and the Atlantic powers—the Americans, the British, and a small band of allies—were caught flat-footed by the coups, collapsing armies, and civil wars that sprung from all sides. The Cold War had begun in earnest.
In
, prize-winning historian Norman Stone assesses the years between World War II and the collapse of the Iron Curtain. He vividly demonstrates that for every Atlantic success there seemed to be a dozen Communist or Third World triumphs. Then, suddenly and against all odds, the Atlantic won—economically, ideologically, and militarily—with astonishing speed and finality.
An elegant and path-breaking history,
is a monument to the immense suffering and conflict of the twentieth century, and an illuminating exploration of how the Atlantic triumphed over its enemies at last.

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Vichy government

war damage

withdrawal from NATO military command

zone of occupation in Germany

Franco, Francisco

Frankfurt

Frankfurt School

Free Democrats (German; FDP)

Free French

freeways

French Foreign Legion

French language:

anglicization of

attempts to promote

in Belgium

French Revolution

bicentenary

Friedan, Betty, The Feminine Mystique

Friedman, Milton

‘Fritalux’ (proposed European free-trade area)

Frum, David

Fukuyama, Francis, The End of History

Fulbright, J. William

Fumaroli, Marc

G

G7 (group of industrial nations)

G10 (group of industrial nations)

Gaddafi, Muammar al

Gagarin, Yuri

Gage, Nicholas, Eleni

Gaillard, Félix

Galata

Galbraith, John Kenneth

Affluent Society

Galkovskiy, V. N.

Galtieri, Leopoldo

Galtung, Johan

Galvani, Luigi

Gandhi, Mahatma

Gansel, Norbert

GAP (South-Eastern Anatolia Project)

Garaudy, Roger

gas, natural

Gates, William ‘Bill’

GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)

Gaulle, Charles de see de Gaulle, Charles

Gavras, Costa

Gdańsk

Gencer, Leyla

Genentech (biotechnology corporation)

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

General Electric

General Motors

Geneva

Geneva conference (1954)

Geneva conference (1958)

Genghiz Khan

Genscher, Hans-Dietrich

George II, King of Greece

Georgia

Gerasimov, Gennady

German Customs Union (Zollverein)

German Democratic Republic see East Germany

German empire

German language, anglicization of

Germany, Weimar Republic

Germany, Nazi:

Allied bombing of

capitulation

concentration camps

eugenics

exports

inflation

invasion of Greece

invasion of USSR

local political supervisors

protectionism

reduction of unemployment

rise of Nazis

war criminals

Germany, post-war occupied:

Allied occupation zones (‘Bizonia’/‘Trizonia’)

‘Bank of German Lands’

black market

bomb damage

Christian Democrats

coal production

Communist Party

Communist takeover in east

currency reform

division

exports

inflation

and Marshall Plan

prisoners of war in USSR

reparations

shortages

Social Democrats

Soviet occupation zone

steel production

territorial losses

trade unions

winter weather of 1946-7 see also East Germany; West Germany

Germany, reunified

Germinal (film)

Gerő, Ernő

Gerschenkron, Alexander

Ghana

Ghibellines

Giap, Vo Nguyen

Gielgud, Sir John

Gierek, Edward

Gillette (corporation)

Gillingham, John

Ginsborg, Paul

Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry

Gladstone, William Ewart

Glasgow

High School

Royal Technical College

glasnost

Glotz, Peter

Glubb Pasha

Godesberg program (German SPD)

Godley, Wynne

Gogol, Nikolai, Dead Souls

Gold Coast

Gold Standard

Golden Bull (1356)

Golden Ring (Russia)

Goldsmith, Sir James

Goldwater, Barry

Gomułka, Władysław

Gone With the Wind (film)

Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge

Gorbachev, Mikhail:

and Afghan war

anti-alcohol campaign

background and character

and collapse of East Germany

and coup of August 1991

elected General Secretary

glasnost and perestroyka

international reputation

Malta summit (1989)

meeting with Margaret Thatcher (1984)

‘our common European home’

and Poland

Gordievsky, Oleg

Goths

Gottwald, Klement

Gow, Ian

Goytisolo, Juan

Gramsci, Antonio

Great Britain see Britain

Great Society (Johnson)

failure of

Greece:

backwardness

civil war

Colonels’ coup (1967)

Communists

and Cyprus

EEC membership

intelligentsia

and Kurdish nationalism

nation statehood

Nazi occupation

nineteenth-century history

Ottoman Empire

peasantry

Second World War

strategic importance

US aid

and war in Afghanistan

war with Turkey (1919-22)

Greek diaspora

Greek Orthodox Church

Greene, Graham

The Comedians

Greer, Germaine

The Female Eunuch

Grenada

Gromyko, Andrey

Gross, John

Gruchko, Viktor

Guantanamo (US naval base)

Guardian (newspaper)

Guatemala

Gudenus, Count

Guelfs

Guevara, Ernesto ‘Che’

cult of

Guillaume, Günter

Guillén, Nicolás

Gulf (oil company)

Gulf of Tonkin incident (1964)

Gulf War (1990-91)

Gummer, John

Gürsel, Cemal

gypsies

H

Hacı Bektaş

Haig, Alexander

Hailufeng soviet

Haiphong

Haiti

Halberstam, David

Halifax, E. F.. Wood, 1st Earl of

Hallé Orchestra

Hallstein, Walter

Halsey, A. H.

Hamburg

Reeperbahn

Hamilton, Alexander

Hamilton, Nigel

Hammer, Armand

Hannay, David, Baron Hannay of Chiswick

Hanoi

Harbin

Harkins, Paul.

Harriman, Averell

Harrington, Michael, The Other America

Harris, Robert, Archangel

Hartington, Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of ( née Kennedy)

Harvard University

Business School

Tercentenary

Hastings, Sir Max

Havana

Havel, Václav

Havenstein, Rudolf

Hayek, Friedrich von

Healey, Denis, Baron

Heath, Sir Edward:

appearance and character

and Britain’s membership of EEC

and Britain’s relations with US

dismissed as Conservative leader

government of

incomes policy

loses 1974 election

and Margaret Thatcher’s government

and trade unions

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich

Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin

Helms, Richard

Helsinki conference (CSCE; 1975)

Hemingway, Ernest

Hentze, Paul

Herat

heroin

Hersh, Seymour

Herter, Christian

Heseltine, Michael, Baron

Hezb (Afghan resistance group)

Hills, Denis

Hindus

Hippocrates

Hiroshima

Hiss, Alger

History Today (magazine)

Hitler, Adolf:

appeasement of

beer-hall Putsch (1923)

Berlin Bunker

eugenics

favourite film

invasion of Czechoslovakia

invasion of USSR

reduction of unemployment

rise to power

suicide and cremation

Ho Chi Minh

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Hodder and Stoughton (publishers)

Hodža, Enver

Hoechst (corporation)

Hoesch (corporation)

Hoffman, Paul

Hoggart, Richard

Holland:

Calvinist Church

colonies

economic success

and EEC

exports

floating of currency

oil embargo against

post-imperial decline

trade unions see also Benelux

Hollywood

Holy Roman Empire

homosexuality

gay rights

Honecker, Erich

Hong Kong

hooliganism

Hoover, Herbert

Hopper, Kenneth

Hopper, William

Horn, Gyula

Hoskyns, Sir John

Hotter, Hans

Howe, Geoffrey, Baron Howe of Aberavon

Hue, Vietnam

Hugo, Victor, Les Misérables

human rights

Humphrey, Hubert

Hunan province

Hungarian diaspora

Hungary:

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