Norman Stone - The Atlantic and Its Enemies

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After World War II, the former allies were saddled with a devastated world economy and traumatized populace. Soviet influence spread insidiously from nation to nation, and the Atlantic powers—the Americans, the British, and a small band of allies—were caught flat-footed by the coups, collapsing armies, and civil wars that sprung from all sides. The Cold War had begun in earnest.
In
, prize-winning historian Norman Stone assesses the years between World War II and the collapse of the Iron Curtain. He vividly demonstrates that for every Atlantic success there seemed to be a dozen Communist or Third World triumphs. Then, suddenly and against all odds, the Atlantic won—economically, ideologically, and militarily—with astonishing speed and finality.
An elegant and path-breaking history,
is a monument to the immense suffering and conflict of the twentieth century, and an illuminating exploration of how the Atlantic triumphed over its enemies at last.

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IMF bail-out (1976)

import surcharges

income per capita

Industrial Revolution

industrial wastelands

inflation

intelligentsia

and Iran

Lend-Lease aid

and Malaya

and Marshall Plan

middle classes

miners’ strike (1984-5)

monarchy

National Health Service

nationalization of industry

navy

North Sea oil

nuclear weapons

oil imports

Poll Tax

post-war debt

post-war shortages and rationing

privatizations

productivity levels

property prices

public transport

race riots

scientific and technological developments

Second World War

shipbuilding

steel industry

strikes

Suez crisis

taxation

television

textile industry

trade unions

underclass

unemployment

universities

Welfare State

Westland affair (‘Westgate’; 1986)

winter weather of 1946-7

withdrawal of forces from Gulf (1971)

zone of occupation in Germany

British Airways

British Commonwealth

British Empire:

American antipathy towards

decline of

decolonization

revitalization attempts

trade

British Leyland (automobile manufacturer)

British Petroleum (BP)

British Steel

British Telecom

Brittan, Sir Samuel

Bronfman, Edgar

Brown, Andrew

Brucan, Silviu

Bruce, David

Bruges

Brussels

Brussels Exhibition (1958)

Brussels Pact (1948)

Bryan, William Jennings

Brzezinski, Zbigniew

Bucak, Mehmet Celal

Bucharest

Buck, Pearl S.

Buckley, William

Budapest:

anti-Communist demonstrations

author’s travels in

dinginess of communist era

Jews in

Piarist School

Stalinization

war damage

Buddhism

Buenos Aires

Bukovsky, Vladimir

Bulgakov, Mikhail

Heart of a Dog

Bulganin, Nikolay

Bulgaria

Bullock, Alan, Baron

Bundesbank (German Federal Bank)

Bundy, McGeorge

Bundy, William

Burke, Edmund

Burlatsky, Fyodor

Burma

Burton, Phillip

Bush, George

business schools

Byelorussia

Byrnes, James F.

Byron, George, 5th Baron

C

cable television

Cachin, Françoise

Çağlayangil, Ihsan Sabri

Cairncross, Sir Alec

Cairncross, John

Calcutta

California:

armaments industry

Khrushchev in

population growth

Proposition(1978)

Reagan as Governor

Silicon Valley

Callaghan, James, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff

Calvinist Church

Cam Ranh Bay (US air base)

Cambodia:

‘boat people’

French rule

Khmer Rouge

‘killing fields’

and Vietnam War

Vietnamese invasion (1978)

Cambridge University

Cambridge spies

Cavendish Laboratory

school of economics

Camdessus, Michel

Camp David accords (1978)

Canada

Cannes Film Festival

cannibalism

Cao, Huynh Van

Caperton, William B.

Cappadocia

CARE (Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe)

Carpathian Mountains

Carr, E. H.

Carrington, Peter, 6th Baron

cars see automobile industry

Carter, Jimmy:

background and character

Camp David accords (1978)

and Chile

and CIA

defence policy

economic policy

education policy

election as President

energy policy

failures of Administration

Governor of Georgia

and Iran

loses 1980 election to Reagan

and Margaret Thatcher

moralizing

refuses to meet Bukovsky

reputation

retirement

and Turkish coup (1980)

work regimen

Carter, Rosalynn

Casaroli, Cardinal Agostino

Casey, William

Castro, Fidel:

background and education

and Bay of Pigs invasion

and Crisis of 1962

imprisonment

and Khrushchev

revolution

US campaign to limit appeal

visits Chile

Castro, Raúl

Catherine the Great

Catholic Church:

in Austria

in Chile

and Christian Democracy

and Communism

Counter-Reformation

in Czechoslovakia

and economic development

in France

in Germany

in Hungary

in Ireland

and the Left

in Poland

and Reagan administration

Rerum Novarum (enyclical)

Thirty Years War

Vatican(ecumenical council)

in Vietnam see also Vatican

CDU see Christian Democrats (German)

Ceauşescu, Elena

Ceauşescu, Nicolae

cell phones

censorship:

in Czechoslovakia

in USSR

in West

Central African Empire

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Cézanne, Paul

Chaldean Christians

Chambord, château de

Chams (Vietnamese Moslems)

Chandler, Alfred

Channel Tunnel

Chaplin, Sir Charlie

Charles, Prince of Wales

Charles X, King of France

Chateaubriand, François-René de

Chaudhuri, Nirad

Chaunu, Pierre

Chechens

Chechnya

Cheka (Russian secret police) see also KGB

Chéreau, Patrice

Chernenko, Konstantin

Chevalier, Maurice

Chevron (oil company)

Cheysson, Claude

Chiang Kai-shek:

American view of

andwar

government in Taiwan

mausoleum

Chicago

Chicago school of economics

Chile:

under Allende

Carter’s handling of

Catholic Church

Christian Democrats

civil war (1891)

Communist Party

copper industry

coup of 1973

DINA (secret police)

education system ( see also universities)

and Falklands War (1982)

geography

inflation

land reform

native Indian population

peasantry

Pinochet regime

political instability

population growth

poverty

privatizations

trade unions

unemployment

universities

wine industry

China, Republic of:

backwardness

civil war

Communist Party

emergence of communist movement

intelligentsia

Japanese invasion and occupation

Kuomintang (Nationalists)

land redistribution

Long March (1934-5)

membership of UN Security Council

peasantry

Protestant missionaries

Second World War

Soviet invasion

trade unions see also Taiwan

China, People’s Republic of:

and Afghan War

atomic and nuclear weapons

border conflicts with India

border conflicts with Russia/ USSR

‘cultural revolution’

economic growth

famines and starvation

friendship treaty with USSR (1950)

‘hundred flowers’ campaign

intelligentsia

international support for

Korean War

Mao’s inauguration of People’s Republic

Nixon’s visit (1972)

and ‘peaceful coexistence’ doctrine

Sino-Soviet split

and Taiwan

Tiananmen Square massacre (1989)

tyranny and destruction of regime

and Vietnam

Chirac, Jacques

Cholkovsky, Konstantin

Chonchol, Jacques

Chou En-lai

Christian Democrats (Chilean)

Christian Democrats (German; CDU)

Christian Democrats (Italian)

Christian Women’s Camp (Hungarian)

Chrudinák, Aladár

Chrysler (automobile manufacturer)

Church of England

Churchill, Sir Winston:

calls for European unity

and Chiang Kai-shek

Congress of Europe (1948)

declining influence

and Eden’s premiership

and Greece

hopes for reconciliation with USSR

on India

‘Iron Curtain’ speech

loses 1945 election

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