Gregory Freeze - Russia - A History

Marquis of Carmarthen 107

marriage 8, 10, 17, 20, 32, 43–4, 49, 68, 87, 90, 101, 116–7, 121, 124, 143, 159, 213, 223, 305, 331–3, 543, 549

Marshall Plan 400

Martov, Iu. 548

Marx, K. 200, 253, 335, 413, 546

Marxism 242, 247, 266, 303, 305, 320–1, 357, 360, 414, 437–8

Marxism-Leninism, Institute of, 360, 437

Maryna, tsarina 70

Maskhadov, S. 556, 560

masonry, 165–6, 183

Matveev, A.S. 86, 90, 94–5, 100

Maxim, Metropolitan 18, 25–6

Maximilian of Habsburg 73

Maximilian II 49

May Day 305, 312

May Laws 256, 547

Mayakovsky, V. 339

Mazepa, I. 115, 119

Mecklenburg-Schwerin, duke of, 116, 128

medicine 115, 331, 374, 391

Mediterranean 31, 135

Medvedev, D. 520, 523–5, 562

Medvedev, R. 369, 489

Medvedev, S. 93, 97

Menatep Bank 473

Mennonites 153

Mensheviks 246–8, 263, 281, 284–5, 291, 296, 343, 548

Menshikov, A. 111–14, 116, 121–2, 124–5, 127, 543

mercantilism 32, 154

merchants 3, 5, 7, 37–8, 75, 77–8, 81–2, 86, 92, 102, 107–9, 113, 116, 135, 137–40, 155, 219, 221, 223–4

Merezhkovskii, D. 265

meshchane 138, 221; see also townspeople

meshochniki 303

mestnichestvo 49, 92, 147

Mexico 500

Meyerhold, V. 357

Mezen 34

Mezetskie 39

Michael, Tsar 73–5, 79, 89, 541

Michael Castle 166

Michael, Grand Duke 274

middle class 77, 170, 273, 481, 511

Middle East 195, 390, 517

middle peasant (seredniak) 302, 329, 348–9

Mikhail Iaroslavich 17

Mikhail of Chernigov 16

Mikhail of Tver 25

Mikhailovskii, N.K. 238–9

Mikhalkov, N. 512

military 3–5, 9, 11, 16–17, 19, 21–2, 30, 37, 42, 47, 49–50, 52, 57, 59–63, 66, 69–72, 75–8, 83, 86, 91–2, 95, 98, 103–4, 106–9, 111–12, 117–18, 124–5, 128–9, 135, 140, 144, 146, 156–7, 162, 166, 169, 171, 176, 181–2, 184, 191, 196–7, 200, 202, 208, 211, 216, 218, 222–4, 229, 232, 234, 244, 252, 254, 258–9, 261, 264, 265, 270–3, 277, 286, 288, 291, 293, 297, 299–300, 305, 307, 309, 319–21, 346, 347, 359, 364, 366, 369, 372, 375–81, 384–6, 388, 390, 394–5, 399–403, 408, 415, 417, 422–3, 428, 437, 445–6, 449, 452, 456–8, 463, 472, 484–5, 487, 489, 491–2, 494, 502–3, 507, 509–10, 515, 517–19, 523, 546, 555–62

Miliukov, P.N. 91, 250, 254, 266, 276, 280

Miliutin, N. 202

Millennium Manifesto 495

Miloslavskiis, 90, 92, 94, 96, 101, 105, 128

Miloševićc, S. 484

miners 263, 363, 554, 556–7

Minin, K. 72

Minor, The 164

minorities xii, 132, 151, 158, 199, 223–4, 232–3, 244, 252, 255–7, 261, 273, 277, 283, 330, 438, 446, 448–9, 465, 526

Minsk 86

mir 86

MMM stock fund 555

Mniszech, J. 67–8

Mniszech, M. 68, 70

modernism 265, 305

modernization 239, 443, 518

Mohyla, P. 78

Mohyla Academy 118

Moiseev, I. 362

Moldova 151, 520, 554

Molotov, V.M. 319, 345, 367, 379, 409–10, 414, 422, 426

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact 379

monastery 8, 10, 21, 24, 26, 35, 37, 40, 42, 44, 56–7, 65, 67–8, 71, 76, 87, 89, 97–9, 102, 105, 108, 119, 122, 141, 159, 219, 223, 335, 337, 429, 539–40, 559

money 18, 76, 95, 151, 153, 155, 188, 216, 286, 300, 322, 392, 430, 454, 466, 474, 476, 479, 506

Monastery of the Cave 8, 10

Mongolia 14, 264

Mongols 13–18

Mons, A. 102

Mons, W. 124

Montesquieu, C.L. 175

Mordva 42

Morozov, B.I. 80–1

Mosalskie 39

Moscow 13, 16–19, 21–9, 31, 36–8, 40–1, 46, 48–52, 54, 57–9, 62, 65, 67–73, 75–81, 83–7, 91, 93–4, 96, 98–9, 102–3, 106, 115, 119, 121, 123, 126, 130, 138–9, 157, 161–3, 175, 177, 179, 196, 203, 206, 230, 240, 253, 255, 263, 272, 276, 287, 289, 293, 297, 300, 315, 317–18, 328, 352, 359, 361, 363, 367, 374, 375–6, 379–80, 383, 385–6, 389, 395–6, 401–2, 404–5, 410–13, 416, 418–19, 421–22, 426, 429, 432, 433–8, 440, 445–6, 452, 456–9, 461–4, 466, 480, 483–90, 492, 496, 499, 501, 504, 506–8, 513, 515–21, 523–24, 539–45, 554–5, 560–1

‘Moscow Consensus’ 499, 501

Moscow General Hospital and Surgical School 107

Moscow Metro 361, 363

Moscow School of Mathematics and Navigation 109, 543

Moscow State University 396, 419, 452

Moscow University 162–3, 544

Moscow-Volga Canal 367

Mosfilm 473

Mozhaisk 20–2, 57

Mstislav Iziaslavich 11–12

Mstislavskie princes 39

MTS xxi; see Machine Tractor

Stations

Müller, G.F. 130

Multi-polarity 482

Munich Agreement 371

Münnich, B. von 127, 129

Murom 46

music 87, 103, 265, 339, 343, 397, 469, 494

Musketeers: see Streltsy

Muslim Congress 283

Mussorgsky, M. 66

Nagasaki 383

Nagorno-Karabakh 462, 554

Namibia 475

Nagy, I. 418

namestnik 50

Napoleon 166, 168, 174–80, 182, 196, 545

narodnichestvo 226

narodnost 187

Narva 57, 110–11, 114, 543

Narva 111

Naryshkina, N. 90, 94

Naryshkins 90, 95–6, 101

National Missile Defense (NMD) 484–5, 517–18, 523, 557, 562

National Security Council 469

national self-determination 179, 256, 299

National Well-Being Fund 498, 562

nationalism 179, 183, 186, 197, 257, 270, 283, 360, 402, 426, 446, 449, 462

nationality xi-xii, 186–7, 191–3, 197, 282, 299, 351, 408

NATO 403, 484–5, 515, 518–20, 523, 552, 557–8

natural gas 454–5, 498–99, 501, 505, 519–20, 522, 561–2

natural law 92

Naval Academy 110, 543

Navy 107, 109, 111, 134, 249, 261, 264, 377, 472

Nazi Germany 383, 387, 551

Nazimov Rescript 204, 546

‘near abroad’ 464, 484, 486, 520

Near East 300

neformaly 461

Nekrich, A. 437–8, 553

Nemtsov, B. 484

Nentsy, 34, 51

neoliberalism 465–6, 472, 475, 478, 496, 499, 507

NEP xxi; see New Economic Policy

Nepman 326–7, 339

Nerchinsk, Treaty of, 98, 113, 542

Nerl 12

Neva River 15, 114, 133, 194, 290, 311, 423, 438–9, 449, 539, 548, 553

New Commercial Stattue 86

New Economic Policy (NEP) xxi,

307–10, 312–28, 330, 332–3, 335–7, 339–40, 343–4, 347, 549

‘new realism’ 515

New Russia 154

‘new Russians’ 480

New Serbia 129

New Soviet Man 329–30, 332, 334–6, 338, 363

New Union Treaty 463

New York 289

newspapers 212, 244, 293, 315, 404, 407, 460, 504, 543

Newton, I. 106, 116

Nezhit 44

NGO 500, 505–6, 517, 561

Nicaragua 521

Nicholas I 182–4, 190, 197, 200, 205, 210, 219, 223, 238–9, 245, 255, 545

Nicholas II 238–40, 251, 255, 265, 267, 270–1, 274, 282, 547–8

Niemen 175

Nikon, Patriarch 80, 85, 88–90, 542

Nikon Chronicle 45

Nineteenth Party Conference 554

Nineteenth Party Congress 552

Ninth Five-Year Plan 443

Nizhnii Novgorod 21, 24, 36, 70, 72

NKVD 359, 364–5, 367–8, 370, 377, 550, 552

Nobel 219

Nobel Prize 429, 478, 552, 558

nobility 65–7, 69, 72, 81, 85, 91–2, 96, 102, 112–3, 122, 126, 128, 137, 141–2, 144–50, 154–7, 162–3, 167, 169–70, 172, 175–6, 180, 185, 188–90, 201–2, 204–6, 208, 215, 218–19, 225, 227, 229–30, 232, 261, 339, 544, 546–7; see also gentry

Noble Bank 232, 544

Noble Cadet Corps 128

Noble Land Bank 148, 547

Nogai Horde 16, 39, 41–2

nomenklatura xxi, 294, 360, 367, 443–4

Norilsk 415

North, D. 478

North Caucasus 13, 349, 514