Ричард Грант - Английский язык. Теория и практика. Модальные глаголы

Упражнение 15

Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя модальный глагол may.

Possibly you left your book behind. – You may have left your book behind.

1. Perhaps you left your umbrella in the bus. 2. Perhaps Henry waited for us there. 3. Perhaps he is at home, but I am not sure he is. 4. Perhaps she tried to enter the university, but failed. 5. Perhaps he went to the café to wait for us. 6. Possibly Ann returned very late last night. 7. It is possible that we studied at the same school, but I don’t remember her. 8. It is possible that you asked the wrong people, that’s why you didn’t get the right answer. 9. Perhaps it was Helen who rang you up. 10. Possibly they have seen the new play. 11. Perhaps she was proud of her knowledge, but she never showed it to her classmates. 12. Perhaps our friends will arrive here tomorrow. 13. Perhaps they came by plane. 14. Perhaps Nick has left his exercise book at home.

Упражнение 16

Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя модальный глагол may.

1. Perhaps there was a chance for him to win the match. 2. Perhaps we have met before. 3. Perhaps she had a very good English teacher. 4. Perhaps my parents have gone to the museum. 5. Perhaps Peter was as capable as the old workers, but he was given no chance to show his skill. 6. Perhaps it was too cold for the children to go out. 7. Perhaps they will come home very soon: be ready. 8. It is possible that he took his children to the zoo. 9. Perhaps the question was too difficult for her. 10. Possibly they did not see us in the crowd. 11. Try this delicious drink: perhaps you will like it. 12. Perhaps Robert used a dictionary. 13. Why didn’t Nick ring us up? – It is possible that he forgot about it. 14. Possibly Mary misunderstood you. 15. It is possible that your brother has never heard about this writer.

Упражнение 17

Вставьте модальный глагол may или might. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. … I ( to ask) you to take off your hat? 2. She asked me if she … ( to turn) on the light. 3. I am afraid it … ( not to stop) raining by the morning. 4. Don’t scold her: the task … ( to be) too difficult for her, that’s why she made rather many mistakes. 5. If they don’t miss the train, they … ( to arrive) on time. 6. Why isn’t he here yet? What has happened? – Oh, he … ( to miss) the train. 7. He … ( to do) a very hard work. That’s why he looks so tired now. 8. Don’t throw out the rest of the birthday cake. He … ( to want) it for dessert. 9. It’s raining cats and dogs. … I ( to borrow) your umbrella, please? 10. Do you know where I left the car keys? – You … ( to leave) them in the garage. 11. They don’t know where the money has gone. It … ( to steal).

Внимание!

T о be allowed to является эквивалентом глагола may.

We are allowed to stay at home. – Нам разрешают остаться дома .

We were allowed to stay at home. – Нам разрешили остаться дома .

We will be allowed to stay at home. – Нам разрешат остаться дома .

Упражнение 18

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя выражение to be allowed to.

1. Извините, но здесь курить воспрещается. 2. Я думаю, мне не разрешат поехать с тобой за город. 3. Ему не позволили курить у них в доме. 4. Тебе разрешат пойти гулять, когда ты сделаешь уроки. 5. В Англии вам разрешат водить машину, если вам семнадцать лет. 6. Тебе разрешали ходить на озеро, когда ты был маленький? 7. В США вам разрешают продолжать водить машину даже в возрасте девяноста лет. 8. Когда мне разрешат есть мороженое? 9. Мне разрешают пользоваться новым папиным компьютером. 10. Парковка на газоне запрещена! 11. Дети уже большие. Им разрешают ходить в школу одним. 12. Вам не разрешается разговаривать на экзамене. 13. Ему не разрешают купаться в этой реке. 14. Вчера ей позволили прийти домой в десять часов. 15. Нам не позволяют разговаривать на уроке. 16. Тебе позволили взять эту книгу?

Упражнение 19

Вставьте модальный глагол may (might) или выражение to be allowed to. Вставляйте to be allowed to только в тех случаях, где may (might) употребить нельзя.

1. He … go home if he likes. 2. He asked if he … borrow my car. 3. As soon as the boy … leave the room, he smiled a happy smile and ran out to join his friends outside. 4. … I have a look at your newspaper? 5. The doctor says I am much better. I … get up for a few hours every day. 6. One day all his dreams … come true. 7. … I bring my sister to the party? 8. He asked if he … bring his sister to the party. 9. After the children had finished their homework, they … watch TV. 10. He … join the sports club as soon as he passes his medical examination. 11. Becky’s mother said that everybody … take part in the picnic. 12. If you pass your exams, you … go to the south. 13. … I borrow your car, please?

Модальный глагол must имеет только форму настоящего времени.

Глагол must употребляется:

1. Для выражения обязанности, необходимости, приказания, настойчивого совета (в утвердительной и вопросительной форме) и запрещения (в отрицательной форме):

You must be reаdу bу ninе. – Вы должны быть готовы к девяти.

Must wе do it today? – Нам нужно сделать это сегодня?

You mustn’t speak like that. – Ты не должен так разговаривать.

При этом отсутствие необходимости выражается не глаголом must в отрицательной форме, а глаголами need, have to, have got to в отрицательной форме:

Must we do exercise 2? – Нам нужно делать упражнение 2?

No, you needn’t. – Нет, не нужно.

She doesn’t have to come here every weekend. – Ей не обязательно приезжать сюда каждый выходной.