Chris Tyler - Fedora Linux

9. xmorph-current/gtkmorph/README

10. xmorph-current/gtkmorph/Makefile.am

11. ...(Lines snipped)...

12.

13. If the file is compressed with bzip2 (usually indicated by a filename that ends in .tar.bz , .tar.bz2 , .tbz , .tb2 , or .tbz2 ), use the j option instead of z to decompress:

14. $ tar xvjf xmorph_20040717.tar.bz2

Most tarballs will unpack into their own directory, but some badly packaged ones may not, and unpacking them will leave dozens of files in your current directory. Use tar 's t option instead of the x to see the table of contents before unpacking:

$ tar tvzf xmorph_20040717.tar.gz

1. Change to the new directory:

2. $ cd xmorph-current

3. Review the notes that are provided with the software (such as the README and INSTALL files).

4. If there is a script named ./configure , run it:

5. $ ./configure

6. checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c

7. checking whether build environment is sane... yes

8. checking for gawk... gawk

9. ...(Lines snipped)...

10. The Makefile will build morph.

11. The Makefile will build xmorph.

12. The Makefile will build gtkmorph.

13. configure: creating ./config.status

14. config.status: creating m4/Makefile

15. config.status: creating po/Makefile.in

16. config.status: creating Makefile

17. config.status: creating doc/Makefile

18. config.status: creating libmorph/Makefile

19. config.status: creating morph/Makefile

20. config.status: creating xmorph/Makefile

21. config.status: creating gtkmorph/Makefile

22. config.status: creating glade1/Makefile

23. config.status: creating glade2/Makefile

24. config.status: creating tkmorph/Makefile

25. config.status: creating plyview/Makefile

26. config.status: creating config.h

27. config.status: executing depfiles commands

28. config.status: executing default-1 commands

29. config.status: creating po/POTFILES

30. config.status: creating po/Makefile

31. Use make to build the software using the Makefile :

32. $ make

33. make all-recursive

34. make[1]: Entering directory \Q/tmp/xmorph-current'

35. Making all in m4

36. ...(Lines snipped)...

37. if /bin/sh ../libtool --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I.. \

38. -g -O2 -Wall -DREAL=double -DRGBA_MESH_WARP -g -O2 -Wall -MT \

39. my_malloc.lo -MD -MP -MF ".deps/my_malloc.Tpo" \

40. -c -o my_malloc.lo \Qtest -f 'my_malloc.c' || echo './'\Qmy_malloc.c; \

41. then mv -f ".deps/my_malloc.Tpo" ".deps/my_malloc.Plo"; \

42. else rm -f ".deps/my_malloc.Tpo"; exit 1; \

43. fi

44. ...(Lines snipped)...

45. make[2]: Leaving directory \Q/tmp/xmorph-current'

46. make[1]: Leaving directory \Q/tmp/xmorph-current'

If you have a multiprocessor or multicore system, use make -j3, assuming it's not also a multiuser machine and you don't mind two cores/CPUs being utilized at 100 percent.

1. If make was successful, use make install to install the software:

2. # make install

3. Making install in m4

4. make[1]: Entering directory \Q/tmp/xmorph-current/m4'

5. make[2]: Entering directory \Q/tmp/xmorph-current/m4'

6. ...(Lines snipped)...

7. mkdir -p -- /usr/local/share/xmorph/pixmaps

8. cd example; for i in * ;\

9. do /usr/bin/install -c -d /usr/local/share/xmorph/example/$i ;\

10. for j in $i/* ;\

11. do /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 $j \

12. /usr/local/share/xmorph/example/$i; done;\

13. done

14. make[2]: Leaving directory \Q/tmp/xmorph-current'

15. make[1]: Leaving directory \Q/tmp/xmorph-current'

At this point, the software should be ready to use.

A tarball is an archive of files created by tar (the tape archiving program) and usually compressed using gzip . By convention, source code tarballs are named .tgz and all of the files extract into a directory named ; for example, fen-10.4.tgz would extract into the directory ./fen-10.4/ .

Since the 1980s, source packages have often contained a script named configure ; most recent open source projects use versions of this script generated by a tool called GNU autoconf . The configure script adapts the compilation process for various systems; for example, some Unix systems have multiple C compilers installed, or different versions of libraries such as malloc , so configure determines what is available and the compiler options that will be needed to compile the software on the current system.

The output of configure usually includes one or more Makefile s and sometimes a C header file. The Makefile s contain the commands necessary to build the software, as well as dependency information; make uses this file to perform the least amount of work necessary to build the required output files. Another section of the Makefile contains the commands necessary to install the softwareperforming operations such as copying files and creating directoriesand this section is used when the make install command is executed.

The disadvantage of installing software from source is that you lose the benefits of the RPM database. It can be hard to uninstall the software, and you have no record of which version was installed, when it was installed, what dependencies it requires or satisfies, and which files are associated with it. Any updates must be performed manually, and any conflicts that other updates may cause will not be known in advance.

These packages may still need processing. For example, the manpages may be in a raw format that needs preprocessing, and scripts may need to be adjusted according to where the language interpreter is installed. In most cases, these packages will have a Makefile , just like a compiled package.

The Makefile may be sufficiently simple or generic that it will work on a wide range of systems, or you may need to adjust it manually. Look for a file named INSTALL or README for information on the steps you need to perform to compile and install the software.

 The manpages and info pages for autoconf and make