Erik Larson - Lethal Passage - The Story of a Gun

18 In 1987, Dr. Garen… Garen J. Wintemute, “Firearms as a Cause of Death in the United States, 1920–1982,” Journal of Trauma 27:5 (May 1987): 535.

19 A 1986 study… Jeffrey H. Boyd, “Firearms and Youth Suicide,” American Journal of Public Health 76:10 (October 1986): 1240–42.

20 He established… Franklin E. Zimring, “Firearms, Violence and Public Policy,” Scientific American (November 1991): 50.

21 In one of… John H. Sloan, et al., “Handgun Regulations, Crime, Assaults, and Homicide,” New England Journal of Medicine 319 (1988): 1256.

22 “WHAT WILL IT TAKE…” National Rifle Association advertisement, 1992.

23 The story described… Ed Magnuson, “Do Guns Save Lives,” Time , August 21, 1989, 25–26.

24 The American Rifleman does not… Associated Press, “Woman Shot in Face With Gun Kept Under Pillow,” Los Angeles Times , October 24, 1991.

25 A controversial Colt ad… Colt’s Manufacturing Co. advertisement, July 1992.

26 Even Davis Industries… Davis Industries Inc. advertisement, May 1992; Wall Street Journal , February 28, 1992, 1.

27 A Smith & Wesson ad… Smith & Wesson advertisement, February 1993.

28 The company produced… Herschel C. Logan, “The Smith & Wesson Ladysmiths,” American Rifleman , April 1954, 47–48.

29 “We’re seeing…” Garen Wintemute, interview.

30 Joyce Mays-Rabbitt… Joyce Mays-Rabbitt, interview.

31 In fact, she was… Anne Pallie, interview.

32 “By getting over…” Paxton Quigley, interview.

33 One of Quigley’s… Noelle Stettner, interview.

34 Her choice of… Paxton Quigley, interview.

35 “The first time…” Michelle Sullivan, interview.

36 “I didn’t know…” Sean Smith, police tape.

37 “In other words…” Paxton Quigley, Armed & Female (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990), 139.

38 A study of accidental… Garen J. Wintemute, et al., “When Children Shoot Children,” JAMA 257:22 (June 12, 1987): 3107–9.

39 In fact, she told… Wayne King, “Target: The Gun Lobby,” New York Times Magazine , December 9, 1990, 42.

40 A June 1993… Louis Harris, “A Survey of the American People on Guns as a Children’s Health Issue,” (June 1993): 20.

41 Another study… Douglas S. Weil and David Hemenway, “Loaded Guns in the Home,” JAMA 267:22 (June 10, 1992): 33–37.

42 Dr. Kellermann… Arthur L. Kellermann, interview.

43 A 1991 study by… “Accidental Shootings: Many Deaths and Injuries Caused by Firearms Could be Prevented,” GAO, March 1991, 2.

44 The GAO began… Ibid., 3, 12, 28.

45 The GAO report… Ibid., 30–32.

46 “There’s just so many…” Joanne Welsh, interview.

47 From 1980 through… FBI, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (May 1991): 2–5.

48 “The typical NRA…” Leonard Supenski, interview.

49 Police officers involved… Leonard Supenski, interview.

50 One of its members… Confidential source, interview.

51 Lisa Hilliard, the… Lisa Hilliard, interview.

52 “What people believe…” W. Eugene Hollon, Frontier Violence: Another Look (New York: Oxford University Press, 1974), 195.

53 For the average resident… Ibid., 197; Frank Richard Prassel, The Western Peace Officer (Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1972), 20, 22.

54 People rarely locked… Hollon, Frontier Violence , 210, 211; Prassel, Western Peace Officer , 22.

55 Burglary was rare… Roger D. McGrath, Gunfighters, Highwaymen and Vigilantes (Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1984), 248, 249; Hollon, Frontier Violence , 203.

56 Frank Prassel, an… Prassel, Western Peace Officer , 20.

57 One of the great… Hollon, Frontier Violence , 165.

58 Moments before… Abilene Chronicle , January 5, 1871.

59 According to historian… McGrath, Gunfighters , 88, 184, 199, 255.

60 Nonetheless, the homicide rate… Ibid., 268; Hollon, Frontier Violence , 201; Prassel, Western Peace Officer , 47; Elliott West, “Wicked Dodge City,” American History Illustrated (June 1982): 23–31.

61 On March 19, 1872… Missouri Republican , March 19, 1872, 2.

62 Buffalo Bill Cody was… Joseph G. Rosa and Robin May, Buffalo Bill and His Wild West (Lawrence, Kans.: University Press of Kansas, 1989), 163.

63 The first book… Peter Lyon, The Wild, Wild West (New York: Funk and Wagnalls, 1969), 119.

64 After Jesse James… Robert Sherrill, The Saturday Night Special (New York: Charterhouse, 1973), 39.

65 After Jesse was murdered… Ibid., 39.

66 The Gazette described… Lyon, The Wild , 92.

67 Belle was a… Ibid., 89.

68 Billy the Kid, far… Ibid., 123.

69 In a rare act… Hollon, Frontier Violence , 189.

70 He was discharged… Deborah Berrier, “Clay Allison: Never Killed a Man Willingly,” American History Illustrated (June 1982): 38–39.

71 Fabled gunfighter… Elliott West, “Wicked”; Ralph Brauer, The Horse, the Gun and the Piece of Property (Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1975), 200.

72 Contrary to popular… Prassel, Western Peace Officer , 110.

73 In Leadville… Ibid., 47.

74 The real marshal… Elliott West, “Wicked,” 30.

75 In that mythic realm… Ibid., 27.

76 They were known… Lyon, The Wild , 15, 18, 21.

77 Morgan Earp, one… Ibid., 20.

78 A thief named… Ibid., 83.

79 The police officer… Brian McGinty, “John Wesley Hardin: Gentleman of Guns,” American History Illustrated (June 1982): 32–36.

80 In one notorious… McGrath, Gunfighters , 90–91.

81 “Lawmen and…” Prassel, Western Peace Officer , 248.

82 The Colt Peacemaker… A. C. Gould, Modern American Pistols and Revolvers (Boston: Bradlee Whidden, 1894), 203. See also Wall Street Journal , June 24, 1993, 1.

83 On one journey… Glenda Riley, “The Specter of a Savage: Rumors and Alarmism on the Overland Trail,” Western History Quarterly 15:4 (October 1984): 427–44.

84 In Bodie… McGrath, Gunfighters , 192.

85 Clay Allison shot… Berrier, “Clay Allison,” 38.

86 Wild Bill Hickok… Hollon, Frontier Violence, 200.

87 On January 9, 1876… Nyle H. Miller and Joseph W. Snell, Great Gunfighters of the Texas Cowtowns, 1867–1886 (Lincoln, Nebr.: University of Nebraska, 1963), 83–84.

88 When Pat Garret… Prassel, Western Peace Officer , 104.

89 Jesse James’s brother… Albert Castel, “The James Brothers,” American History Illustrated (June 1982): 10–18.

90 Bill Tilghman… Prassel, Western Peace Officer , 247.

91 A former train robber… Jack Lewis, The Gun Digest Book of Single-Action Revolvers (Northbrook, Ill.: DBI Books Inc, 1982), 201; Richard Slotkin, Gunfighter Nation (New York: Atheneum, 1992), 236.

92 Cody’s fame was… Slotkin, Ibid., 72–73.

93 As if to dispel… Ibid., 68.

94 Sitting Bull, the… Ibid., 74; Rosa and May, Buffalo Bill , 83.

95 Richard Slotkin, author… Slotkin, Gunfighter Nation , 87.

96 The proliferation of… Ibid., 77.

97 In 1903… Ibid., 231; John G. Cawelti, The Six-Gun Mystique (Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1971), 3.

98 By 1925, William Hart… Lewis, Gun Digest Book , 199, 212, 214.

99 Fourteen feature-length… Slotkin, Gunfighter Nation , 347.