Robert Forczyk - Where the Iron Crosses Grow
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- Название:Where the Iron Crosses Grow
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- Издательство:Osprey Publishing
- Жанр:
- Год:2014
- Город:Oxford
- ISBN:978-1-78200-625-1
- Рейтинг книги:4 / 5. Голосов: 1
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Where the Iron Crosses Grow: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация
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sheds new light on this vital aspect of the Eastern Front.
The Crimea was one of the crucibles of the war on the Eastern Front, where first a Soviet and then a German army were surrounded, fought desperate battles and were eventually destroyed. The fighting in the region was unusual for the Eastern Front in many ways, in that naval supply, amphibious landings and naval evacuation played major roles, while both sides were also conducting ethnic cleansing as part of their strategy – the Germans eliminating the Jews and the Soviets to purging the region of Tartars.
From 1941, when the first Soviets first created the Sevastopol fortified region, the Crimea was a focal point of the war in the East. German forces under the noted commander Manstein conquered the area in 1941–42, which was followed by two years of brutal colonization and occupation before the Soviet counteroffensive in 1944 destroyed the German 17th Army.
[Contain tables.]
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| Battery No. | 305mm | 203mm | 152mm | 130mm | 120mm | 100mm | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | - |
| 10 (Mamaschai) | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | 1920 |
| 12 | - | - | 4 | - | - | - | - |
| 13 (Shiskov) | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | 1912 |
| 14 | - | - | 4 | 3 | - | - | - |
| 18 | - | - | 4 | - | - | - | 1917 |
| 30 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | 1934 |
| 35 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | 1927 |
Appendix E: Order of battle at Perekop, September 24, 1943
11. Armee (General der Infanterie Erich von Manstein)
LIV Armeekorps (General der Kavallerie Erik Hansen)
46. Infanterie-Division (Generalmajor Kurt Himer, [DoW 4 April 1942])
Infanterie-Regiment 42 (Oberst Ernst Maisel)
Infanterie-Regiment 72 (Oberst Friedrich Schmidt)
Infanterie-Regiment 97 (Oberst Oscar Döpping)
73. Infanterie-Division (Generalleutnant Bruno Bieler)
Infanterie-Regiment 170 (Oberst Richard Schleußinger)
Infanterie-Regiment 186 (Oberst Ernst Klüg)
Infanterie-Regiment 213 (Oberstleutnant Otto Hitzfeld)
3./Sturmgeschütz-Abteilung 190 (Oberleutnant Reinhard Näther)
51st Army (General-Polkovnik Fyodor I. Kuznetsov)
9th Rifle Corps (General-Lieutenant Pavel I. Batov)
156th Rifle Division (Colonel Aleksandr I. Danilin)
361st Rifle Regiment (Colonel V.V. Babikov)
417th Rifle Regiment (Colonel Aleksandr Kh. Iukhimchuk)
530th Rifle Regiment (Colonel N. F. Zaivyi)
5th Tank Regiment (Major Mikhail P. Baranov)
Appendix F: Soviet naval infantry units at Sevastopol, 1941
| Unit | Commander | Origin |
|---|---|---|
| 7th Naval Infantry Brigade (four battalions) | Colonel Evgeny I. Zhidilov | Formed in Sevastopol, August 17, 1941 |
| 8th Naval Infantry Brigade | Colonel Vladimir L. Vilshansky | Formed from reservists September 13, 1941. Arrived from Novorossiysk October 30, 1941 |
| Sevastopol 1st Naval Infantry Regiment | Colonel Pavel P. Gorpishchenko | Formed from ships’ crews and naval students in Sevastopol, October 1941 |
| 2nd Naval Infantry Regiment | Major Nikolai I. Taran (captured July 4, 1942) | Formed in Sevastopol from Coastal Artillery Guard Battalion, NKVD detachment, and base personnel from Nikolayev and Ochakov |
| 3rd Naval Infantry Regiment (3 Battalions) | Kapitan Kuzma M. Koryen’ | Formed in Sevastopol from ships’ crews and reservists, September 3, 1941 |
| 2nd Perekop Naval Infantry Regiment | Major Ivan I. Kulagin | Formed November 12, 1941, from one battalion of 7 NIB plus other base personnel |
| 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th Naval Infantry Battalions | N. A. Stalberg, G. I. Lvovsky, Unchur, Hovrich, Chernousov | Formed from ships’ crews and base personnel in Sevastopol, October 29, 1941. Personnel transferred to other units in late November 1941 |
| 79th Naval Infantry Brigade (three battalions) | Colonel Aleksei S. Potapov | Arrived in Sevastopol December 21, 1941 |
Appendix G: AOK 11 Heeresartillerie at Sevastopol, June 1942
| schwere Artillerie-Abteilung (E) 672 | 1x 80cm Dora |
| schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 833 | 3x 60cm Karl mortars; Major Freiherr Rüdt von Collenberg |
| schwere Artillerie-Batterie 458 | 1x 42cm Gamma howitzer |
| schwere Artillerie-Batterie 459 | 1x 42cm Skoda M17 |
| schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 624 | 6x 30.5cm Mörser (Czech) |
| schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 64 | 1x 35.5cm M1 howitzer, 4x 30.5cm Mörser (Czech) |
| schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 815 | 6x 30.5cm Mörser (Czech) |
| Eisenbahn-Artillerie-Batterie 688 | 2x 28cm schwere Bruno railroad guns |
| schwere Artillerie-Batterien 741, 742, 743 | each 2x 28cm Haubitze L/12 |
| schwere Artillerie-Batterie 744 | 3x 28cm Küsten Haubitze L/12 |
| I./schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 814 | 4x 24cm H39 howitzers (Czech) |
| II./schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 814 | 4x 24cm H39 howitzers (Czech) |
| 917./ schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 767 | 3x 194mm (fr) GPF SP Gun |
| 502./ schwere Artillerie-Abteilung 767 | 3x 17cm K18 M.L. |
| II./Artillerie Regiment 818 | 4x 15cm K39 cannon, 8x 10cm s.K 18 |
| schweres Werfer-Regiment 1 (mot.) | 54x 28/32cm Nebelwerfer 41 |
| schweres Werfer-Regiment 2 (mot.) | 18x 15cm Nebelwerfer 41 |
| III. Werfer-Regiment 54 | 18x 15cm Nebelwerfer 41 |
| II. Werfer-Lehr-Regiment | 18x 15cm Nebelwerfer 41 |
| Nebelwerfer Abteilung 1 (mot.) | 18x 15cm Nebelwerfer 41 |
Appendix H: Order of battle, Sevastopol, June 7, 1942
AXIS
AOK 11 (Generaloberst Erich von Manstein)
LIV Armeekorps (General der Kavallerie Erik Hansen)
22. Infanterie-Division (Generalmajor Ludwig Wolff)
24. Infanterie-Division (Generalleutnant Hans von Tettau)
50. Infanterie-Division (Generalleutnant Friedrich Schmidt)
132. Infanterie-Division (Generalleutnant Fritz Lindemann)
Sturmgeschütz-Abteilung 190
Sturmgeschütz-Abteilung 197
XXX Armeekorps (General der Artillerie Maximilian Fretter-Pico)
28. Jäger-Division (General der Infanterie Johann Sinnhuber)
72. Infanterie-Division (General der Artillerie Philipp Müller-Gebhard)
170. Infanterie-Division (Generalleutnant Erwin Sander)
Sturmgeschütz-Abteilung 249
Romanian Mountain Corps (General-Maior Gheorghe Avramescu)
1st Mountain Division (General de Brigade Constantin Rascanu)
18th Infantry Division (General-Maior Radu Baldescu)
Fliegerkorps VIII (Generaloberst Wolfam von Richthofen)
SOVIETS
Coastal Army (General-Major Ivan E. Petrov)
Defensive Sector I:
• 109th Rifle Division (General-Major Petr G. Novikov)
• 388th Rifle Division (Colonel Nikolai A. Shvarev)
Defensive Sector II:
• 386th Rifle Division (Colonel N. F. Skutel’nik)
• 7th Naval Infantry Brigade (Colonel Y. I. Zhidilov)
• 9th Naval Infantry Brigade (Colonel N. V. Blagoveschensky)
Defensive Sector III:
• 25th Rifle Division (General-Major Trofim K. Kolomiets)
• 345th Rifle Division (Colonel Nikolai Gus)
• 8th Naval Infantry Brigade (Colonel P. F. Gorpishchenko)
• 79th Naval Infantry Brigade (Colonel Aleksei S. Potapov)
Defensive Sector IV:
• 95th Rifle Division (Colonel Aleksandr G. Kapitokhin)
• 172nd Rifle Division (Colonel Ivan Laskin)
3 OAG, VVS-ChF (Colonel G. G. Dzyuba)
Appendix I: Order of battle, April 1944
AXIS
17. Armee (AOK 17) (General der Pioniere Erwin Jaenecke)
Gruppe Konrad (General der Gebirgstruppe Rudolf Konrad)
50. Infanterie-Division (Generalleutnant Friedrich Sixt)
336. Infanterie-Division (Generalmajor Wolf Hagemann)
Sturmgeschütz-Brigade 279 (Major Gerhard Hoppe)
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