Andrew Nagorski - Hitlerland

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Hitlerland: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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Hitler’s rise to power, Germany’s march to the abyss, as seen through the eyes of Americans—diplomats, military, expats, visiting authors, Olympic athletes—who watched horrified and up close. By tapping a rich vein of personal testimonies,
offers a gripping narrative full of surprising twists—and a startlingly fresh perspective on this heavily dissected era. Some of the Americans in Weimar and then Hitler’s Germany were merely casual observers, others deliberately blind; a few were Nazi apologists. But most slowly began to understand the horror of what was unfolding, even when they found it difficult to grasp the breadth of the catastrophe.
Among the journalists, William Shirer, Edgar Mowrer, and Dorothy Thompson were increasingly alarmed. Consul General George Messersmith stood out among the American diplomats because of his passion and courage. Truman Smith, the first American official to meet Hitler, was an astute political observer and a remarkably resourceful military attaché. Historian William Dodd, whom FDR tapped as ambassador in Hitler’s Berlin, left disillusioned; his daughter Martha scandalized the embassy with her procession of lovers from her initial infatuation with Nazis she took up with. She ended as a Soviet spy.
On the scene were George Kennan, who would become famous as the architect of containment; Richard Helms, who rose to the top of the CIA; Howard K. Smith, who would coanchor the
. The list of prominent visitors included writers Sinclair Lewis and Thomas Wolfe, famed aviator Charles Lindbergh, the great athlete Jesse Owens, newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst, and black sociologist and historian W.E.B. Dubois.
Observing Hitler and his movement up close, the most perceptive of these Americans helped their reluctant countrymen begin to understand the nature of Nazi Germany as it ruthlessly eliminated political opponents, instilled hatred of Jews and anyone deemed a member of an inferior race, and readied its military and its people for a war for global domination. They helped prepare Americans for the years of struggle ahead.

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101 “ singularly unmoved” and “ Certainly it was”: Hanfstaengl, 196.

102 “ I sent for” and “ was, needless to”: Ibid., 199.

102 “ In strode” and rest of dinner description: Lochner, Always the Unexpected , 186–187.

103 “ a court jester” and account of Messersmith-Hanfstaengl encounter: Jesse H. Stiller, George S. Messersmith: Diplomat of Democracy , 40.

103 “ I knew he was crazy”: Lilian Mowrer, 299.

104 “ secret” Jew: Mowrer, Triumph and Turmoil , 219.

104 “ Of course, he is”: Richard Breitman, Barbara McDonald Stewart and Severin Hochberg, eds., Advocate for the Doomed: The Diaries and Papers of James G. McDonald, 1932–1935 , 28.

104 “ Edgar a Jew?”: Mowrer, Triumph and Turmoil , 219.

104 According to Putzi: Hanfstaengl, 175.

104 “ the greatest torchlight procession” and “ Hitler stationed himself”: Manuscript of article for Public Ledger , May 15, 1933, H. R. Knickerbocker Papers, Columbia.

104 “ The Nazis will make”: Burke, 282.

104 “ the purely political” and Sackett’s views of Papen and Hugenberg: Ibid., 283–284.

105 Marinus van der Lubbe: Kershaw, 456–457.

105 “ a dupe of the Nazis”: Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich , 269.

105 “ For the Protection”: Kershaw, Hitler, 1889–1936: Hubris , 459.

105 “ deeply displeased”: Fromm, 79.

106 “ might deviate from”: Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich , 276.

106 “ The nation turned”: Manuscript of article for Public Ledger , May 15, 1933, H. R. Knickerbocker Papers, Columbia.

106 “ It is really as bad” and other quotes from letter to Lewis: Sanders, Dorothy Thompson , 185.

106 “ perfectly mad” and rest of letter to Cohen: Kurth, 187.

107 “ the auto da fé”: Manuscript of article for Public Ledger , May 15, 1933, H. R. Knickerbocker Papers, Columbia.

107 “ These flames do not only” and authors of burned books: Philip Metcalfe, 1933 , 123.

107 “ that the truth”: Undated manuscript titled “Education Is Not Enough” in S. Miles Bouton Papers, box 1, Hoover.

107 “ change his style of reporting”: Deborah E. Lipstadt, Beyond Belief: The American Press and the Coming of the Holocaust, 1933–1945 , 22.

108 “ Our orders from our bosses”: Lochner, Always the Unexpected , 252.

108 “ The Nazis have turned loose”: Plotkin, 194.

108 “ real radicals” and rest of Messersmith analysis: Stiller, 35–36.

109 “ I am a Jew”: Metcalfe, 93.

109 Edward Dahlberg and “ Four suits”: Ibid., 93–94.

109 On March 31, the SA snatched and Messersmith handling of journalists and subsequent report: Stiller, 36.

109 He told Messersmith: Ibid., 43.

109 “ in the hope that”: Kaltenborn, Fifty Fabulous Years , 189.

110 “ a terrifying account” and “ The Jews are” and Tiergarten account: Breitman, Stewart and Hochberg, Advocate for the Doomed , 28–29.

110 “ highly overwrought”: Ibid., 30.

110 “ To him the leaders”: Ibid., 45.

110 Separately, Knickerbocker: Ibid., 32.

110 During the Jewish boycott: Ibid., 33.

111 “ In each case”: Ibid., 40.

111 “ No, there is” and rest of McDonald-Goldman exchange along with account of Hitler meeting the same day: Ibid., 47–48.

CHAPTER FIVE: “GET OUT, AND FAST”

PAGE

113 Armstrong saw groups: Hamilton Fish Armstrong, Peace and Counterpeace , 527.

113 British and American correspondents and “ He could hardly”: Ibid., 530.

114 “ were holding on to” and “ a flash in the pan” and rest of Armstrong encounters with Foreign Ministry officials: Ibid., 530–531.

114 “ They had disappeared” and “ It was staggering”: Ibid., 531.

114 he went to meet Hjalmar Schacht and rest of description of meeting with Schacht: Ibid., 532–533.

115 Armstrong was startled and “ Why, Putzi” exchange: Ibid., 534.

115 “ His general appearance” and rest of observations and quotes from Armstrong’s interview with Hitler: Ibid., 534–540.

117 A people has disappeared and other quotes from opening of book: Hamilton Fish Armstrong, Hitler’s Reich: The First Phase , 1–3.

118 “ Either he is”: Ibid., 24.

118 “ having given the German spirit”: Ibid., 65.

118 “ The first phase of”: Ibid., 66.

119 “ I regard Berlin” and other efforts to name a new ambassador to Germany: Robert Dallek, Democrat and Diplomat: The Life of William E. Dodd , 187–188.

119 “ Peace Speech”: Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich , 291–292.

119 “ The speech was” and rest of Lochner letter to Betty: “Round Robins from Berlin: Louis P. Lochner’s Letters to His Children, 1932–1941,” Wisconsin Magazine of History , Summer 1967.

120 “ a democrat in the” and “ separation of”: William E. Dodd, Jr., and Martha Dodd, eds., Ambassador Dodd’s Diary , xii and x.

120 “ I want to know”: Ibid., 3.

120 “ an almost sentimental”: Martha Dodd, Through Embassy Eyes , 12.

121 “ The German authorities”: Dodd and Dodd, eds., Ambassador Dodd’s Diary , 5.

121 “ exert all possible”: Ibid., 9.

121 “ Let Hitler”: Ibid., 11.

122 “ My wife, son and I”: Ibid., 11.

122 On the voyage over: Martha Dodd, Through Embassy Eyes, 18.

122 The Familienblatt and first meetings with journalists: Dodd and Dodd, eds., Ambassador Dodd’s Diary , 12–13; and Fromm, 120–121.

122 “ No group of”: Lilian Mowrer, 286.

122 Sitting on wooden benches: Philip Gibbs, European Journey , 237.

122 “ his back beaten to pulp”: Edgar Mowrer, Triumph and Turmoil , 218.

123 “ pushed past these bullies” and Edgar’s visit to Jewish doctor: Lilian Mowrer, 289.

123 A senior press official and Mowrer’s appeals: Ibid., 296–297.

123 “ to allow social and personal”: Ibid., 298.

123 “ favors” and visit to concentration camp: Edgar Mowrer, Triumph and Turmoil , 221–222.

124 “ were indeed badly beaten”: “Round Robins from Berlin: Louis P. Lochner’s Letters to His Children, 1932–1941,” Wisconsin Magazine of History , Summer 1967.

124 “ You know, Herr Mowrer” and rest of Mowrer-Nazi officer exchange: Lilian Mowrer, 300–301.

125 “ If such intelligent”: Edgar Mowrer, Triumph and Turmoil , 225.

125 One of Mowrer’s sources: Ibid., 218.

126 “ In this country where”: Ibid., 221.

126 In July, Colonel Frank Knox: Ibid., 224.

127 “ I felt at the end”: Dodd and Dodd, eds., Ambassador Dodd’s Diary , 24.

127 “ a blow to freedom”: Edgar Mowrer, Triumph and Turmoil , 224.

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