Tharoor Shashi - Nehru - The Invention of India

first government of indepen-

dent, 156–58

foreign policy of, under

Nehru, 182–91, 207–13

governmental corruption in,

204–6

history of, 127

interim government for, 141–

49, 152

negotiations for independence

between Britain and, 83–

88, 139–47, 153–55

newly independent, 161–68

partition of, 135, 139–40,

143–49, 151–55, 161–62

pluralism of, 225–26

progress in, 251

relations between China and,

55–56, 188, 189, 209–13

relations between Pakistan

and, 167, 169–70

role of religion in, 234–39

socialism in, 241–46

state boundaries in, 173

war between China and, 210–

13

during World War II, 116–24

Indian Civil Service (ICS), 17

Indian Defense Force, 26

Indian democracy

disillusionment with, 231–32

Nehru’s influence on, 220–31

political parties in, 229–30

role of caste in, 236–39

strength of, 232

Indian Institutes of Technology,

245

Indian masses

adulation of Nehru by, 44–45,

65, 99–100, 222

Indian National Congress and,

24, 34–35, 46–47, 104–9,

114, 119–20, 130, 141,

143–45, 147–48

interim government and, 148

Khilafat movement and, 34–

35

overview of, xv — xvi

success of, in elections, 134–

35

on war issue, 118–20

Mussolini, 97, 112

Naidu, Padmaja, 201, 258

Naidu, Sarojini, 24, 71, 120, 258

Narayan, Jayaprakash, 166, 171,

259

Nash, Ogden, 207–8

Nasser, Gamal Abdul, 186, 189–

90, 208

National Conference, 142

nationalism, 101, 107

National Volunteer Corps, xvi

Nehru, Indira Priyadarshini

(daughter). See Gandhi,

Indira Nehru

Nehru, Jawaharlal

adulation of, by Indian masses,

44–45, 65, 99–100, 222

antireligious feelings of, 47–

48, 92, 107–8, 233–34

birth legend of, 1–3

Bose and, 115

British view of, 68–69, 84, 93–

94

calls for a free India by, 76–77,

78

campaigning by, 99–103

childhood influences on, 3–4,

6–7, 8

on creation of Pakistan, 149

criticism of, 202, 207–8, 220,

223–24

death of, 214–17

on death of Gandhi, 160–61

development of political

thought in, 52–59

disillusionment of, 47–48

early life of, 3–18

early political interests, 23–24,

50–52

education of, 8, 9–11, 13–15,

17–18

election of, to chairmanship of

Allahabad Municipal

Board, 50–52

election of, to presidency of

Indian National

Congress, 69–75, 97–98,

100, 138

Englishness of, 223–24

family origins of, 4–6

family relationships of, 20–21,

52, 88, 95

family tree of, xix

financial problems of, 98

Gandhi and

compromises between, 67,

93, 97

differences between, 43–44,

53, 59–62, 84–85, 92,

94

father-son relationship of,

138, 228

loyalty between, 29–30, 35–

39, 138

power relations between,

69–70, 99

grief of, over death of father,

91–92

health problems of, 52, 89

Joshi, Haveli Ram, 214

Kai-shek, Chiang, 117, 123

Kashmir, 4–5, 141–43, 164–65,

203

Kashmiri Pandits, 4–5

Kaur, Rajkumari Amrit, 205–6

Kennedy, John F., 206–7

Khaliquzzaman, Chaudhuri,

106–7, 256

Khan, Hakim Ajmal, 47

Khan, Khan Abdul Ghaffar, xvi,

109, 256

Khan, Liaquat Ali, 169, 257

Khan, Sir Sikandar Hyat, 130,

257

Khan, Sir Syed Ahmed, 104

Khare, N. B., 223–24

Khilafat movement, xiv, 34–35,

36, 46

Khudai Khidmatgars, 109

Kidwai, Rafi Ahmed, 171, 257

Kisan Sabhas, 39

Kohat killings, 47

Kripalani, Acharya J. B., 138,

171, 257

Krishak Mazdoor Praja Party, xvi

Krishnamachari, T. T., 205

Labour Party, 57

Lansbury, George, 56

Laxman, R. K., 182

Lee Kuan Yew, 250

Liberal Party, xv

Lincoln, Abraham, 251

Linlithgow, Lord, 113, 116, 118–

21, 124, 257

Lucknow Congress, 24, 174

Lucknow Pact, 24

MacDonald, Ramsay, 82

Mahalanobis, P. C., 244

Maharajsingh, Rao, 20

Mahmud, Syed, 43–44, 127,

197–98, 199, 227, 257

Malaviya, K. D., 42, 258

Malaviya, Pandit Madan

Mohan, 2

Malik, Charles, 191

Malraux, André, 201–2, 229

Mao Tse-tung, 117

Marxism, 174

Mathai, M. O., 205

McMahon Line, 209, 210, 211

Menon, V. K. Krishna, 152n,

210–11, 212, 258

monarchical rule, 115–16

Montagu-Chelmsford reforms,

25n, 36

Moplah rebellion, 47

Moraes, Frank, 150, 205

Morris, William, 13

Mountbatten, Edwina, 137, 150,

153, 162–63, 169, 198,

201, 258

Mountbatten, Lord, of Burma,

137, 149–50, 152–56,

162–64, 168, 258

Muenzenberg, Willi, 54–55

Muggeridge, Malcolm, 223

Mukherji, Shyama Prasad, 156

Mullick, B. N., 211

Muslim League

British support for, 73, 103–4,

130, 134–35, 147–48,

152

demand for creation of

Pakistan by, 119, 148–49

Muslim League ( continued )

hatred of Hindus expressed by,

139

in independent India, 235

relationship with daughter,

81–82, 128–29, 194–95,

231–32

relationship with father, 15–

16, 18, 50, 80–81, 129

returns to India, 19–21

socialist policies of, 174–79

spendthrift habits of, 14–15,

16, 38

travels of, 16, 22–23, 52–59,

112–14, 137

on war issue, 116–24

writings of, 46, 54, 56–57, 78–

79, 81–82, 90–91, 95–97,

122, 127

Nehru, Kamala Kaul (wife), 21–

22, 37–38, 52–54, 76, 82,

94–96, 127–28, 259

Nehru, Krishna (sister), 7–8, 76,

98, 128, 204

Nehru, Motilal (father)

about, 259

death of, 79–80

desire for son by, 1–2

financial problems of, 37,

38

Gandhi and, 29–30, 49

health problems of, 79

imprisonment of, 42–43, 44,

77–78

influence of, on Jawaharlal,

6–7, 80–81

investigation of Amritsar

Massacre by, 33–34

modern views of, 3–4, 9

Nehru Report of, 65–66, 67,

71

political activities of, 12, 24,

33–37, 48–49, 65–66, 69,

73

political differences between son and, 48–49, 56, 66

pride of, in son, 15, 44–45 relationship between

Jawaharlal and, 15–16,

18, 50, 129

success of, 5–6

Nehru, Swarup Rani (mother),

1, 2, 3, 6, 8–9, 22, 90,

112

Nehru Report, 65–66, 67, 71

Nehruvianism, 219–20

Nepal, 190

Nkrumah, Kwame, 199–200

Nonaligned movement, 151,

184, 186, 188–89, 208,

246–48

noncooperation movement, 27,

35, 36–37, 41–42, 43, 46,

120–21

nonviolence principle, 46

no-rent campaign, 88

Pakistan

British alliance with, 164–65

call for creation of, 119, 145–

46, 148–49

China and, 209

creation of, 154

debate over fate of, 139–40

Jinnah and, 139, 145–46, 148,

154

Muslim desire for, 135

Nehru on creation of, 135,

139–40, 143–45, 153–55

relations between India and,

167, 169–70

violence in creation of, 145–

49, 151–52, 155, 161–62

Pal, Bipin Chandra, 13–14, 30,

259

Hindu-Muslim relations and,

93, 167–68

identification with Indian

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