Карен Армстронг - История Бога - 4000 лет исканий в иудаизме, христианстве и исламе

ЭЛЬ

Древнейший Верховный Бог Ханаана, в последующем (предположительно) – ветхозаветный «Бог Авраама, Исаака и Иакова», праотцов израильского народа.

ЭМАНАЦИИ

Умозрительный вневременной процесс, в ходе которого от единого первоисточника (в монотеистском толковании – от Бога) последовательно исходят различные ступени иерархии бытия. В иудаизме, христианстве и исламе некоторые философы и мистики пользовались этой древней метафорой для описания возникновения жизни. Теория противоречит официально утвержденной монотеистской доктрине мгновенного сотворения мира Создателем.

ЭН СОФ (др. – евр.)

Букв. «не имеющее конца», «непостижимое». В мистическом богословии каббалы – неисповедимая сущность Бога.

ЭНЕРГИИ (греч. energiai)

«Деяния» Бога в нашем мире, приоткрывающие человеческому постижению отдельные грани Божества. Как и «Силы» (dynameis), это понятие подчеркивает разницу между человеческими представлениями о Боге и Его бытием как таковым, непостижимым и невыразимым.

«ЭНУМА ЭЛИШ»

Вавилонский эпос, повествующий о сотворении мира. Чтением «Энума элиш» отмечали новолетие.

ЯХВЕ

Имя Бога израильтян. Вероятно, первоначально Яхве был божеством другого народа, позднее ассимилированным евреями благодаря деятельности Моисея. В III–II вв. до н. э. иудеи перестали произносить вслух Священное Имя YHVH .

Baillie, John, The Sense of the Presence of God (London, 1962).

Berger, Peter, A Rumour of Angels (London, 1970).

(ed.) The Other Side of God, A Polarity in World Religions (New York, 1981).

An illuminating series of essays on the conflict between an interior and an external God of ultimate reality.

Bowker, John, The Religious Imagination and the Sense of God (Oxford, 1978).

Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World (Cambridge, 1970). Two erudite yet highly readable books on world religions.

Campbell, Joseph, The Hero with a Thousand Faces (Princeton, 1949).

(with Bill Moyers) The Power of Myth (New York, 1988). The text of the popular television series on mythology in traditional society and the major religions.

Cupitt, Don, Taking Leave of God (London, 1980). A challenging and passionate plea for a “Christian Buddhism” – a spirituality without an external, realistic God.

Eliade, Mircea. One of the major experts on comparative spirituality: essential reading.

The Myth of the Eternal Return or Cosmos and History (trans. Willard J. Trask, Princeton, 1954).

The Sacred and the Profane (trans. Willard J. Trask, New York, 1959).

The Quest; History and Meaning in Religion (trans. Willard J. Trask, Chicago, 1969).

James, William, The Varieties of Religious Experience (New York and Harmondsworth, 1982). A classic work which is still relevant and stimulating.

Katz, Steven T. (ed.), Mysticism and Religious Traditions (Oxford), 1983. Useful essays on the relationship between dogma and mysticism in the world religions.

Louth, Andrew, Discerning the Mystery, An Essay on the Nature of Theology (Oxford, 1983). Highly recommended; a slim volume that goes to the heart of the matter.

Macquarrie, John, Thinking about God (London, 1975).

In Search of Deity. An Essay in Dialectical Theism . Two excellent books on the meaning of the Christian God and the limits and uses of reason in the religious quest.

Otto, Rudolf, The Idea of the Holy, An Inquiry into the Non-rational Factor in the Idea of the Divine and its Relation to the Rational (trans. John W. Harvey, Oxford, 1923). A classic and essential book.

Smart, Ninian, The Philosophy of Religion (London, 1979). Academic and helpful essays.

The Religious Experience of Mankind (New York, 1969, Glasgow 1971). An extremely useful survey.

Smith, Wilfred Cantwell. Three superb and inspiring books from an outstanding Canadian scholar:

Belief and History (Charlottesville, 1977).

Faith and Belief (Princeton, 1979).

Towards a World Theology (London, 1981).

Ward, Keith, The Concept of God (Oxford, 1974). A useful summary of some Western Christian ideas.

Woods, Richard (ed.), Understanding Mysticism (London and New York, 1980.

Zaehner, R. H., Mysticism – Sacred and Profane (London, 1957).

Albright, W. F., Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan (London, 1968).

Alter, Robert and Kermode, Frank(eds.), The Literary Guide to the Bible (London, 1987). Includes some exciting work by major scholars on both Jewish and Christian scriptures.

Bartlett, John R., The Bible, Faith and Evidence (London, 1990). An excellent, scholarly and readable introduction.

Childs, Brerand S., Myth and Reality in the Old Testament (London, 1959).

Driver, G. R., Canaanite Myths and Legends (Edinburgh, 1956).

Fishbane, Michael, Text and Texture, Close Readings of Selected Biblical Texts (New York, 1979). Highly recommended.

Fohrer, G., A History of Israelite Religion (New York, 1972).

Fox, Robin Lane, The Unauthorised Version, Truth and Fiction in the Bible (London, 1991). A readable, scholarly and extremely entertaining look at the Bible from the historian’s point of view.

Frankfort, H, The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man (Chicago, 1946).

Gaster, T. H., Tbespis, Ritual, Myth and Drama in the Ancient Near East (New York, 1950).

Heschel, Abraham, J., The Prophets, 2 vols., (New York, 1962). A classic: essential and inspiring reading.

Hooke, S. H., Middle Eastern Mythology, From the Assyrians to the Hebrews (London, 1963). A very useful, popular summary.

Josipovici, Gabriel, The Book of God, A Response to the Bible (New Haven and London, 1988). A sensitive and original look at the Bible from the point of view of a literary specialist.