Rebecca Goldstein - 36 Arguments for the Existence of God

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"A hilarious novel about people's existential agonies, a page-turner about the intellectual mysteries that obsess them… deeply moving and a joy to read." – Jonathan Safran Foer
After Cass Seltzer's book becomes a surprise best seller, he's dubbed 'the atheist with a soul' and becomes a celebrity. He wins over the stunning Lucinda Mandelbaum, 'the goddess of game theory,' and loses himself in a spiritually expansive infatuation. A former girlfriend appears: an anthropologist who invites him to join in her quest for immortality through biochemistry. And he is haunted by reminders of the two people who ignited his passion to understand religion: his mentor and professor – a renowned literary scholar with a suspicious obsession with messianism – and an angelic six-year-old mathematical genius who is heir to the leadership of a Hasidic sect. Each encounter reinforces Cass's theory that the religious impulse spills over into life at large.
36 Arguments for the Existence of God plunges into the great debate of our day: the clash between faith and reason. World events are being shaped by fervent believers at home and abroad, while a new atheism is asserting itself in the public sphere. On purely intellectual grounds the skeptics would seem to have everything on their side. Yet people refuse to accept their seemingly irrefutable arguments and continue to embrace faith in God as their source of meaning, purpose, and comfort.
Through the enchantment of fiction, award-winning novelist and MacArthur Fellow Rebecca Newberger Goldstein shows that the tension between religion and doubt cannot be understood through rational argument alone. It also must be explored from the point of view of individual people caught in the raptures and torments of religious experience in all their variety.
Using her gifts in fiction and philosophy, Goldstein has produced a true crossover novel, complete with a nail-biting debate ('Resolved: God Exists') and a stand-alone appendix with the thirty-six arguments (and responses) that propelled Seltzer to stardom.

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“What is numina?” he asked softly.

Klapper ignored him, staring around the room in an unfocused sort of way, his nose slightly wrinkling.

“Can you tell us about more?” Roz asked the child. “Some more special angels?”

“Yes. You take two two times, like before, and then another two times. That’s eight. Eight is special. Or three three times, like before, and then another three times. That’s twenty-seven. Twenty-seven is special. Or four four times and then another four times. That’s sixty-four.” His gestures, with his little palms turned upward, must have been in imitation of the rabbis he had watched, his father and teachers. “Those are special numbers, too. Also angels,” he said turning to Cass, anticipating his question. “My sisters and me together have a number like that.”

“Wow. You sure do have a lot of sisters, sweetie,” Roz said.

The child looked stricken, as if he’d just been slapped across the face. His cheeks immediately blazed red, as if they bore the bruise. Cass and Roz understood right away what was going on. If the number of his sisters was prime, and he together with his sisters made the number a perfect cube, then the number of his sisters had to be seven. He had given out too many clues, and so, in essence, had announced the number straight out, which was forbidden.

“It’s okay, tateleh,” said the Rebbe gently. “You made a mistake, but it’s okay. Only take a little more care. So, with the numbers, his maloychim , he sometimes forgets himself. Only then. Come here, tateleh, kumma hier.” He indicated his lap.

Klapper could no longer control himself. As far as he was concerned the situation had long passed the point of the abidable.

“Why don’t you and the child continue your conversation outside, young lady?”

The little boy was still holding her hand, having ignored his father’s summons.

“I can, Tata?”

“Tell me, please, what is your name?” the Rebbe said to Roz.

“I’m Roz. Roslyn Margolis.”

The Rebbe cocked his head a bit to the side and regarded her for a long moment.

“We will have other chances to speak together, Miss Margolis.”

“I hope so.”

“Yes, Azarya. You can go with Miss Margolis. This is a very nice lady, Miss Margolis. A pearl.”

Cass was tempted to ask if he could go along with them. Half an hour ago, he would never have dreamed that anything could upstage the meeting between Jonas Elijah Klapper and the Valdener Rebbe.

“How old was he when he began to think about numbers?” he asked the Rebbe.

“Mr. Seltzer,” said Klapper sternly, “perhaps you would like to go and join the young lady.”

Cass looked over at the Valdener Rebbe, who smiled and said, “I am glad to see you again, Chaim Yisroel, after all these years. God willing, we’ll meet again, next time before so many years have elapsed. Next time, too, I hope you can bring your brother, Yeshiya Yakov, and your mother, too, who will always be loved by the Valdener Hasidim. Please tell her how much I would like to see her, either when she comes with you or with Yeshiya Yakov or by herself. Tell her that her Rebbe will always be her Rebbe.”

Jonas Elijah Klapper spent another three-quarters of an hour holed up alone with the Rebbe, and the conversation that ensued between them must have compensated for the exasperating distractions created earlier in the hour. Professor Klapper emerged extolling Reb Chaim’s relation as an estimable descendant of the sanctified Ba’al Shem Tov.

“The Valdener Rebbe has the slyness of Socrates, and is to be compared perhaps more to the metaphysical fabulist Borges than to the heresiarchs of the Dead Sea Scrolls. ”

For their part, Cass and Roz had spent an enchanting time with the Rebbe’s son. They’d gone back to the windowless room where Roz had first been shelved. Cass probably wasn’t allowed to be there, but nobody came and bothered them.

Azarya, away from his watchful older sister, was now able to indulge in his curiosity about these visitors, especially the lady whom he thought as beautiful as Queen Esther.

His first question to them was where they came from, fascinated to hear that they came neither from New Walden nor from Brooklyn nor from Eretz Yisroel, the Land of Israel. He could recount for them, and did, the seven generations of Valdener Rebbes and their wives and children, going all the way back to Reb Azarya ben Yisroel, who had been a direct descendant of the Besht. He knew exactly where he was situated on the family tree. But he didn’t know that the name of the country he lived in was the United States of America. Roz wanted to draw him a map of America. He’d never seen a map of anything, and once she explained the idea of a map to him, he grew so excited that he went running out of the room, his silky blond side curls flying, to go find something to draw with. He came back a few minutes later with a box of crayons and a few sheets of coarse white paper.

Roz got down on the floor, since there was no writing surface in the room, with the little boy stooping down near her so that he could watch closely, his hands clasped between his knees. She drew a reasonably well-proportioned and accurate map of the United States, using red and blue crayons. She also drew an American flag for Azarya and explained about its stars and stripes. She colored the Atlantic and Pacific oceans for him. He knew about the ocean because of the splitting of the Red Sea. He had no idea that he lived within fifty miles of an ocean. One of his older sisters had been to Brooklyn, but he had never left New Walden. He hadn’t realized that when his father had gone to Eretz Yisroel he had had to cross the blue water that Roz drew for him.

Azarya knew how to read Hebrew and Yiddish and Aramaic, but he hadn’t been taught the English alphabet yet. Nevertheless, Roz labeled all the states, saying the names aloud as she wrote, and labeled “New Walden” and “Cambridge.”

“This is where you live, and this is where Cass and I live. Maybe someday you’ll come and visit us. Would you like that?”

“With my sisters, too?”

“Sure, why not.” As long as they were dreaming the impossible anyway, they might as well make it to the child’s specifications.

“Are you married?”

Azarya had settled down cross-legged on the floor next to Roz. He was as comfortable with strangers as the Onuma brats, which was remarkable, given the insularity of the Valdeners. Being the Rebbe’s son, and a prodigy to boot, he’d probably been bathed in affection and powdered in praise his whole life.

“To each other? No.” She smiled down at him.

“To someone else you’re married?”

“No. We’re not married at all.”

“Will you invite me to the hasana?”

“The wedding,” Cass explained to her.

“Of course we’ll invite you! Do you think we’d have our hasana without you?”

The child broke into his wonderful smile.

“Now I’ll draw you a picture!” He took another of the sheets and lay down on his stomach on the floor beside Roz with his box of crayons and got to work.

“It’s a surprise for you,” he told them. “I’m going to make one for each of you. For your hasana . Don’t look yet.”

He didn’t get the chance, though, since the rail-thin woman who had taken Azarya and Roz into the Rebbe’s study soon came to fetch Azarya. She, too, had some words of gentle chastisement for him, apparently having to do with his being on the floor. She glared at Roz, who was sitting there beside him. Azarya got up quickly and then handed the sheet of paper to Roz, telling her sadly that he hadn’t had time to finish.

“The last one isn’t finished. When you look at my drawing, you’ll see many different maloychim,” he said to her, for the first time looking a little bit shy. “I’m sorry,” he said to Cass, “that I didn’t make a drawing for you. Ble nadir , I’ll make one for you next time.” As he was being led away, he looked back over his shoulder and smiled the smile of a cherub, lifting his little hand and opening and closing his fingers to wave in the manner of the very young. Bye-bye.

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