Goliarda Sapienza - The Art of Joy

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Goliarda Sapienza's The Art of Joy was written over a nine year span, from 1967 to 1976. At the time of her death in 1996, Sapienza had published nothing in a decade, having been unable to find a publisher for what was to become her most celebrated work, due to its perceived immorality. One publisher's rejection letter exclaimed: 'It's a pile of iniquity.' The manuscript lay for decades in a chest finally being proclaimed a "forgotten masterpiece" when it was eventually published in 2005.
This epic Sicilian novel, which begins in the year 1900 and follows its main character, Modesta, through nearly the entire span of the 20th century, is at once a coming-of-age novel, a tale of sexual adventure and discovery, a fictional autobiography, and a sketch of Italy's moral, political and social past. Born in a small Sicilian village and orphaned at age nine, Modesta spends her childhood in a convent raised by nuns.Through sheer cunning, she manages to escape, and eventually becomes a princess. Sensual, proud, and determined, Modesta wants to discover the infinite richness of life and sets about destroying all social barriers that impede her quest for the fulfilment of her desires. She seduces both men and women, and even murder becomes acceptable as a means of removing an obstacle to happiness and self-discovery.
Goliarda Sapienza (1924–1996) was born in Catania, Sicily in 1924, in an anarchist socialist family. At sixteen, she entered the Academy of Dramatic Arts in Rome and worked under the direction of Luchino Visconti, Alessandro Blasetti and Francesco Maselli. She is the author of several novels published during her lifetime: Lettera Aperta (1967), Il Filo Di Mezzogiorno (1969), Università di Rebibbia (1983), Le Certezze Del Dubbio (1987). L'Arte Della Gioia is considered her masterpiece.
Anne Milano Appel, Ph.D., a former library director and language teacher, has been translating professionally for nearly twenty years, and is a member of ALTA, ATA, NCTA and PEN. Her translation of Giovanni Arpino's Scent of a Woman (Penguin, 2011) was named the winner of The John Florio Prize for Italian Translation (2013).

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Jacopo’s pallor becomes splotched with purple, his lanky body jerks; he gets up and seems about to bolt. I can’t go after him. He’s alone in his suffering and he must find a way out of it on his own … He circles the room like a madman, then falls back on the bed, his head in his slender hands, the knuckles reddened from despair.

‘So it’s true?’

‘Would you rather I told you Inès lied?’

‘No, no, I know she didn’t lie.’

I can’t add to Inès’s crime by denouncing the woman’s vileness and killing Jacopo’s image of her. Naturally Jacopo would believe me, but I can’t allow the side of Inès that lives in him to be murdered by my own hands: the sweet, smiling side that I’ve seen flower, year after year, grafted onto the tough, arid stock of Gaia and Uncle Jacopo.

‘She’s your mother, and she must have needed you to know it.’

‘This is driving me mad! Why didn’t she keep me with her then? Why wait fifteen years to … Look, I was fond of her before, I called her Zia, but you see, now that she’d like me to call her Mother when we’re alone, I can’t stand her anymore. I hate her. It’s horrible to hate. I’ve never hated anyone.’

Jacopo gets up, venting a hatred that makes him pace up and down the room, rigid as never before.

‘What am I, a puppet that you can pass from one to the other? Don’t I have eyes to see and ears to hear, as Pietro says? Don’t you think I know? In fact, now I’m connecting a lot of things that Pietro couldn’t rightfully say. She got an annuity, and not an insignificant one, to give me up to you. And you know what she had the gall to tell me? That she will leave it to me … to me, do you understand? As if I needed her money or yours. I’ll work and I don’t want anything from anyone. And then … this too fills me with hatred toward life! I won’t even need very much money now because…’

‘Because what, Jacopo?’

‘Because now I know that I shouldn’t have children, ever! That illness is hereditary. I know that’s why you didn’t tell me about Inès. I was born when he was already sick with syphilis, not like Prando, who was born earlier. Oh, Mama, why, why?… And why are you crying? Don’t cry! I won’t ever have children, but I’ll never call that woman Mother, never! You’re my mother, aren’t you? You used to say — and I didn’t understand — that Bambolina was more your child than Prando, that ’Ntoni was your nephew even though Stella isn’t your sister … You’re my mother, aren’t you? Hug me, Mama … and you always will be, won’t you? Say it!’

He cries in my arms at last, and to calm the tremor of dismay that’s come over him, I can say the meaningless word that — when used in appropriate doses, like certain poisons — has the power to relieve pain.

‘Always your mother, Jacopo, always near you.’

I found myself sobbing on his chest, and his arms supported me. How could Jacopo seem so fragile a moment ago and now be so strong? Once before I had cried like this, but I could no longer remember … It had been on a beach, at night, and the glow of the fishing lights had illuminated two moist eyes, like those of a grateful dog. Or had it been when they had brought home Carlo’s empty shell? That mannequin whom they had jokingly dressed in Carlo’s jacket, pants and shoes. I’d never cried like that again.

‘That vile woman! And I’m supposed to call a woman who makes you cry like this Mother?’

‘I’m afraid, Jacopo! Why does everyone always have to try to make us unhappy?’

‘Don’t be afraid, Mama, I’m here with you.’

‘All this time you’ve suffered alone, and I’m afraid. Please, if you feel despondent again, don’t hide it anymore. Talk to me, like we did about your teeth, remember? You were hurting but at least we were together.’

‘You held my hand.’

‘There, you see? It’s solitude that makes suffering so awful. Others take advantage of solitude to hurt you even more. Promise me, promise me. We have to fight together.’

‘I promise, and to fulfil my promise without delay I have another ache to confess to you.’

‘What is it now?’

‘My stomach hurts; it must be hunger. It’s embarrassing, but I’m hungry.’

‘Me too.’

‘How can that be, Mama? Can you feel hungry even when you’re suffering?’

* * *

Eating Stella’s roast, the pain seems to disappear.

‘How delicious it is, Mama! I’ll never be able to make it this good.’

‘Me neither.’

But once his hunger is satisfied, the despair returns to haunt him and his eyes seek escape, like moths banging against the kitchen walls. In the silence, his anguish has the subdued vibration of brass instruments, or is it the muffled beating of his heart, pressing to burst through his chest? He must give birth to himself or die from the foreign body that has crept into him. He clears the table as he struggles, seeking help from familiar objects, from customary gestures.

‘For me, just being able to cook something gives me joy. The day before yesterday, you weren’t here, Stella was busy, Bambù and Mela were studying, and I was glad I knew how to make scrambled eggs in milk for Crispina, who was hungry.’

He stares, hypnotized, at the big empty table. Jacopo can only pound his fists on the wood before sitting down again, head in hands, and looking at me resentfully. For a second Inès’s mask is superimposed on my face, and he can’t find a way to reach me. Maybe that mask will have the power to settle over the face of every woman in the future, locking him in a cell of mistrust for his entire life. He mentioned Crispina … Perhaps that little face can slink through the bars Inès has planted all around him.

‘Crispina cried today.’

‘I know, I know. That’s what upsets me, but I couldn’t stand seeing her!’

‘Others make us suffer unjustly, and instead of putting a stop to the injustice, do we continue it against those who are younger and more defenceless?’

‘You’re right, I know! For her sake too I had tried to be strong, but that, that … oh, Mama, that woman is evil! And now that I know she’s my mother it’s as if … as if I’ve discovered that everyone is evil, everyone!’

‘Why is she evil, Jacopo?’

‘Because she is! Not only did she reveal what by this time she no longer had the right to tell me, but all she did was criticize you, Bambù, us. She said you’re a madwoman. That in order to live as you please, you’ve squandered all the money and…’

‘She’s not the only one who criticizes us, Jacopo.’

‘I know … Why does it hurt so much, Mama?’

‘Because knowing that you’re her son, you’re afraid that you, too, are evil. She’s not evil, she’s ignorant. Kindliness, not being cruel, is a luxury. The poor have no time to be kind. I was poor so I know it.’

‘But Stella is kind.’

‘She’s an exception, Jacopo! And not much of one at that. Stella is the daughter of prosperous farmers. She’s remained here by choice and will stay as long as she wants, but she’s not forced to. It’s different! Inès, on the other hand, grew up in an orphanage, not knowing who her parents are.’

‘I didn’t know that.’

‘That’s what I’m trying to tell you, Jacopo. Each of us is the result of a unique past and of our upbringing, and Inès has had the worst upbringing.’

‘So you’re saying she’s not evil?’

‘She’s just ignorant … and maybe she has a weaker character than Stella or me. Who knows? If I were to tell you, for example, that Bambolina might have many selfish or stubborn qualities if she’d been brought up differently, would you be surprised?’

‘Oh, not at all! I never thought about it, but it’s true. Mela is stronger, although she doesn’t appear to be.’

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