Array Коллектив авторов - 20 лучших повестей на английском / 20 Best Short Novels

Calais – a seaport in northern France on the Strait of Dover

Westminster Hall – a large hall in the Palace of Westminster on the left bank of the River Thames built in the 11th century for Edward the Confessor

Benvenuto Cellini(1500–1571) – a famous Florentine sculptor and goldsmith

Dover – a town and seaport on the Strait of Dover in the historic county of Kent in southeastern England

St. Richard(1198–1253) – the bishop of Chichester

St. George – a Christian martyr of the 3rd century AD, a patron saint of England; in the Middle Ages, St. George was considered an ideal of valour

Toledan steel – a high-quality steel manufactured in Toledo, a city in Spain, and used for making weapon

King Canute – Canute I (d. 1035), the king of England, Denmark and Norway

Enoch – in the Old Testament Book of Genesis, the seventh biblical patriarch

Lamech – in the Book of Genesis, one of the patriarchs, the son of Methusela and the father of Noah

Cainan, Mahaleel – biblical characters

Methusela – the Old Testament patriarch, the longest-lived human, the father of Lamech and the grandfather of Noah

Richard Plantagenet – Richard III (1452–1485), the last Plantagenet king of England

Dr. Goldsmith – Oliver Goldsmith (1730–1774), an English essayist, poet and novelist of Irish origin

King Philip of France – Philip IV (1268–1314), noted for his long struggle with the Roman papacy

Saracen – in the Middle Ages, the term was used for all persons who professed the religion of Islam (Arabs, Turks, etc.)

Redivivus= revived (Latin)

Pantaloon – in the 16th century Italian comedy del’arte, a cunning and greedy Venetian merchant

Catechism – a religious instruction in the form of questions and answers

Rouen – a city and port on the Seine River in northwestern France; since the 3d century and for many centuries, it played an important role in the history of France.

Bedlamite – the inhabitant of Bedlam, the first asylum for mentally ill patients in England

Jericho – an ancient town in Israel, in the West Bank; the first settlement was founded about 9000 BC

the Magna Charta – the charta of liberties granted by King John of England to prevent the civil war

Jean Sans Terre= John Lackland ( French )

La femme d’un baron auquel on vint demander son fils, repondit, “Le roi pense-t-il que je confierai mon fils a un homme qui a égorgé son neveu de sa propre main?” Jean fit enlever la mère et l’enfant, et la laissa mourir de faim dans les cachots. – When they came for her son, the wife of a baron said: ‘Does the King believe that I will entrust my son to a man who has cut his nephew’s throat with his own hand?’ John had the mother and child taken away, and threw her to die of hunger in the dungeons. ( French )

Knights Hospitallers – or Knights of Malta, a religious military order founded in the 11th century in Jerusalem to take care of sick and poor pilgrims

the Moors – the word used in the English language for Muslim population of Spain and Portugal

the Hejira – the journey of the prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622; the date is regarded as the beginning of the Muslim era

the battle of Alarcos – in 1195, the military forces of Muslim Spain defeated the Christian king Alfonso VIII of Castile

Yakoob-al-Mansoor(1160–1199) – the third Muslim ruler of Spain and North Africa

(El) Cid – also called El Campeador (1043–1099), the Castilian national hero and military leader in the wars against the Moors

the Straits of Gibel-al-Tariff – the Strait of Gibraltar, a channel between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean

Rhodes – an island and city in Greece

the Knights of Saint John – one of the several names of the Hospitallers

the Order of Saint Jago – the Spanish religious military order founded in 1160 to fight Muslims in Spain and protect the pilgrims going to the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela

Granada – a city and province in southern Spain

the Duke of Wellington — Arthur Wellesley (1769–1852), the hero of the victory over Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo (1815), later, prime minister of Great Britain

Valencia — a region in eastern Spain

Trebizond– an ancient city on the Black Sea coast in what is now northeastern Turkey

Esther– a biblical character, a Jewish woman, wife to the king of Persia, who saved her people from the planned slaughter

a Fellow of King’s College – a member of King’s College which was founded in the University of Cambridge by King Henry VI in 1441

Cambridge – University of Cambridge, an autonomous higher educational institution founded in 1209

Newport – a town and seaport in Wales, located on the River Severn, first mentioned in 1126

Achilles – in Greek mythology, the greatest and bravest warrior in the Trojan War, vulnerable only in his heel

Cheshire – a historic county in the northwest of England

Eton – a college in Berkshire, the largest and most prestigious secondary school founded by Henry VI in 1440

The Stars and Stripes – the name of the national flag of the USA consisting of stars that stand for the present number of states and 13 stripes that stand for the original 13 states

Ascot – a locality in Berkshire, known for its races