Manuel Castells - The New Latin America

1 Cover

2 Front Matter The New Latin America Fernando Calderón and Manuel Castells Translated by Ramsey McGlazer polity

3 Preface to the English Edition

4 Introduction: The New Latin America

5 1 The Globalization of Latin America: From the Crisis of Neoliberalism to the Crisis of Neo-Developmentalism Socioeconomic Changes The Rise and Fall of Neoliberalism Social Resistance and Political Change as Sources of Neo-Developmentalism Charismatic Leaders, State, and Society The Neo-Developmentalist Model and the New Globalization: China and the Global South The Crisis of Neo-Developmentalism Notes

6 2 A New System of Production: Informational Extractivism and the Globalization of Markets Informational Extractivism Territories Three Cases: Lithium in Jujuy, Soy in Carlos Casares in the Humid Pampa in Buenos Aires Province, and Unconventional Hydrocarbons in the Vaca Muerta The Environmental Limits of Informational Extractivism Notes

7 3 The Global Criminal Economy The Structure of the Criminal Economy Transformations in the Criminal Economy Drugs, Culture, and Society Why Have Drugs Played Such a Prominent Role in Latin America? Coca, Identity, and Social Movements The Criminal Economy and Latin American Societies Notes

8 4 Human Development, Urbanization, and Inhuman DevelopmentHuman Development in Latin America Metropolitanization and Inhuman Development Notes

9 5 A Network Society: Individualization, Techno-Sociability, and the Culture of Diaspora The Emergence of Hegemonic Individualism and Consumption: The Centrality of New Media as Vectors of Cultural Construction The “Culture of Techno-Sociability”: A Culture Centered on Individual Autonomy and as the Nucleus of an Emergent Youth Culture Migrations and the Culture of Diaspora General Tendencies The Labor Market, Feminization, and Informality Migration and Information and Communications Technologies The Culture of Diaspora Notes

10 6 Patriarchy in QuestionChanges in the Family and the Crisis of Patriarchy

11 7 The Crisis of the Catholic Church and the New Religiosity Notes

12 8 The Power of Identity: Multiculturalism and Social Movements The Force of Cultural Diversity: Indigenous and Afro-Brazilian Movements Zapatismo 2.0 The Intercultural Peasants of Chapare The Mapuche Movement The Afro-Brazilian Movement Conclusions Notes

13 9 Digital Communication and the New Public SpaceIntroduction What Is a Public Sphere?: Transformations in the Information Age New Forms of Communication: The Dynamics of Consumption, the Frustration of Expectations, the Generation of Techno-Sociability, and the Power of Media The Politics of Media Social Networks and the Construction of Political Power Charisma, Communication, and the Web Some Tendencies in the Reconfiguration of Public Space The State and the Shaping of a New Public Space A Novel Challenge: Public Space and Democracy Notes

14 10 Conflicts and Social Movements The Dynamics of Social Conflicts Conflicts over Social Reproduction Institutional Conflicts Cultural Conflicts Youth Protest Women’s Demands and Agency Environmental Protests Some Examples in the Andes Notes

15 11 State Corruption Determinants of State Corruption A Typology of Political Corruption Neoliberalism, Neo-developmentalism, and the Politics of Corruption Corruption as a Structural Factor Narcos and the State The Revolutionary State and Corruption Can a State Not Be Corrupt? Conclusion: The Consequences of State Corruption

16 12 In the Kamanchaka

17 In Place of a Conclusion: The Color of Hope

18 About the Authors

19 References

20 Figure Sources

21 Index

22 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 1 Figure 1.1:Gini Coefficient of Inequality: Selected Latin American Countries, 2002–2016 Figure 1.2:Average Levels of Support for Statism: Selected Latin American Countries, 2010 Figure 1.3:Distrust of Institutions: Totals for Latin America, 2002–2017 (%)

2 Chapter 3 Figure 3.1:Victims of Intentional Homicides, Selected Latin American Countries, 2000–2016 (… Figure 3.2:Number of Deaths Caused by Opioid Overdoses in the United States, 2000–2016 Figure 3.3:People who have been victims of a crime, Latin America, 2016 (%) Figure 3.4:The Cost of Crime: Latin America and the Caribbean and Selected Other Countries,…

3 Chapter 4 Figure 4.1:Gini Index of Inequality, Selected Latin American Cities, 2009–2010 Figure 4.2:Urban Population as a Percentage of Total Population: Latin America and the Cari… Figure 4.3:Metropolitan Areas, Surface Area, Population, and GDP: Latin American Countries,… Figure 4.4:Average Annual Concentration of Particulate Matter (PM10) in Selected Cities, ci…

4 Chapter 5 Figure 5.1:Homes with Internet Access: Selected Latin American Countries, circa 2015 (% hom… Figure 5.2:Youth between the ages of 16 and 25, surveyed on their three most frequent uses … Figure 5.3:Youth Identities in Río de Janeiro, for people from ages 15 to 29, 2009 (%) Figure 5.4:Number of International Migrants by Country, 2017

5 Chapter 6 Figure 6.1:Average Size of Urban Households, by Income Quintiles. Latin America, circa 2014… Figure 6.2:Households with de facto and de jure Female Heads of Household. Latin America, c…

6 Chapter 7 Figure 7.1:Changes in Religious Affiliations, by Continent, 1990 to 2010 (%)

7 Chapter 8 Figure 8.1:Proportion of the Population that Is Indigenous. Selected Latin American Countri… Figure 8.2:People 16 and Over Engaged in Informal Work, by Ethnicity. Brazil, 2004 and 2013… Figure 8.3:Distribution of Per Capita Family Incomes among People 10 and Over in the Poores…

8 Chapter 9 Figure 9.1:Internet Users, Social Network Users, and Internet Penetration. Selected World R… Figure 9.2:Trust in Mass Media, Latin America, 1995–2015 (%)

9 Chapter 10 Figure 10.1:Number of Conflicts and Average Number per 100,000 Residents. Latin America, Oct… Figure 10.2:Conflicts over Social Reproduction, Latin America, October 2009–September 2010 (…

10 Chapter 11 Figure 11.1:Perceptions of Increases in Corruption, in Relation to the Previous Year. Latin … Figure 11.2:Changes in the Rankings in the Corruption Perceptions Index, Latin America, 2016…

1 Chapter 1 Table 1.1:Rates of Year-to-Year Change in Gross Domestic Product, 2003–2016 Table 1.2:Changes in the Human Development Index, 1990–2015

2 Chapter 6 Table 6.1:Changes in Women’s Marital Status: Women from 30 to 34 and from 45 to 49 Years o…

3 Chapter 7 Table 7.1:Main Religions by Country: Latin America, 2013 and 2017 (%)

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2 Contents

3 Begin Reading

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