Metal Oxide Nanocomposites

1 Cover

2 Title Page

3 Copyright

4 Preface

5 1 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: State-of-the-Art and New Challenges 1.1 Introduction to Nanocomposites 1.2 Graphene-Based Metal and Metal Oxide Nanocomposites 1.3 Carbon Nanotube−Metal Oxide Nanocomposites 1.4 Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites Application Towards Photocatalysis 1.5 Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Sensor Applications 1.6 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites and its Thermal Property Analysis 1.7 Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Photocatalytic and Gas Sensing Applications 1.8 Applications of Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites References

6 2 Introduction to Nanocomposites 2.1 Composites: An Introduction 2.2 Functions of Fibers and Matrix 2.3 Classification of Composites 2.4 Matrix Based Composites 2.5 Reinforcements 2.6 Polymer Composites 2.7 Composites Processing 2.8 Composites Product Fabrication 2.9 Application of Composites 2.10 Special Features of Composites 2.11 Composites vs Metals 2.12 Advantages of Composites 2.13 Disadvantage of Composites 2.14 Conclusion Acknowledgments References

7 3 Graphene-Based Metal and Metal Oxide Nanocomposites 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Graphene 3.3 Reduced Graphene Oxide 3.4 Graphene-Based Composites 3.5 Graphene-Based Hybrid Nanocomposites 3.6 The Mechanics of Graphene Nanocomposites 3.7 Functionalization 3.8 Thermal Properties 3.9 Conclusions References

8 4 Carbon Nanotube−Metal Oxide Nanocomposites 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Synthesis Methods 4.3 Environmental Applications 4.4 Environmental Fate, Transport, and Transformation 4.5 Environmental Implications 4.6 Conclusions and Future Research Direction References

9 5 Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites Application Towards Photocatalysis 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Nanocomposite Photocatalysts Based on Metal Oxide 5.3 Application of Metal Oxide Composites in Photocatalysis 5.4 Summary and Outlook References

10 6 Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Sensor Applications 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Binding of Metal Oxide with Imidazole 6.3 Characterizations 6.4 Absorption Characteristics 6.5 Emission Characteristics 6.6 Sensor Mechanism 6.7 Conclusions References

11 7 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites and its Thermal Property Analysis 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Thermal Management 7.3 Synthesis Procedures 7.4 Mechanism of Thermal Conductivity Enhancement 7.5 Thermal Conductivity Models for Nanofluids References

12 8 Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Photocatalytic and Gas Sensing Applications 8.1 Semiconducting Metal Oxide as Photocatalysts 8.2 Semiconducting Metal Oxide as Gas Sensor 8.3 Conclusion Acknowledgments References

13 9 Applications of Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Food and Agricultural Sector 9.3 Applications in Medicine 9.4 Water Barrier Properties 9.5 Thermal and Flame Retardants Apparitions 9.6 Water Disinfection Ability 9.7 Water Flux Application 9.8 Nanocomposites Membrane Apparitions 9.9 Wastewater Treatment 9.10 Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation 9.11 Adsorption Performances Apparitions 9.12 Electrocatalytic Applications 9.13 Biosensors Application 9.14 Sensing Applications 9.15 Other Industrial Appreciations 9.16 Conclusions References

14 10 Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications 10.1 Introduction 10.2 What is Triboelectric Effect? 10.3 Mechanism of Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) 10.4 How to Select the Materials for Your TENG? 10.5 Basic Operating Modes of TENG 10.6 TENG as Mechanical Energy Harvester 10.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives References

15 11 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Adsorptive Removal of Water Pollutants 11.3 Photocatalytic Decomposition of Water Pollutants 11.4 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites 11.5 Removal and Decomposition of Inorganic Pollutants by Metal Oxide Nanocomposites 11.6 Removal and Decomposition of Organic Pollutants by Metal Oxide Nanocomposites 11.7 Conclusion and Outlook References

16 Index

17 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 3 Table 3.1 Characteristics and allied applications of graphene.

2 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Synthesis methods and potential applications of CMNCs.Table 4.2 Treatment of contaminants using CMNCs.

3 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Hydroxyl radical generation in different AOP’s (Homogeneous).Table 8.2 Some conventional semiconductors, their bandgap energies, and correspo...Table 8.3 Main reactions occurring during photocatalysis of degradation of an or...Table 8.4 Application of gas sensor in various areas.

4 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Sources of inorganic pollutants in water along with their permissible...Table 11.2 Application of several types of metal oxides nanocomposites for adsor...Table 11.3 Metal oxide nanocomposites for adsorptive removal and photocatalytic ...Table 11.4 Metal oxide nanocomposites for adsorptive removal and photocatalytic ...Table 11.5 The representative examples of metal oxide nanocomposites for the ads...

1 Chapter 2 Figure 2.1 (a) Formation of a composite material using fibers and resin and (b) ... Figure 2.2 Classification of matrices. Figure 2.3 Types of thermoplastics. Figure 2.4 Classification of thermosets. Figure 2.5 Types of reinforcements in composites. Figure 2.6 Classification of composites fabrication techniques.

2 Chapter 3 Figure 3.1 Pictorial representation of allotropes of carbon. Figure 3.2 Synthesis approaches for graphene. Figure 3.3 Types of Graphene-based composites and their synthesis approaches. Figure 3.4 Schematic illustration of layer-by-layer deposition of GO sheets onto... Figure 3.5 Types of Graphene-based hybrid nanocomposites and their synthesis app...

3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Synthesis methods of carbon nanotube−metal oxide nanocomposites (CMNC...Figure 4.2 Covalent linkage of titanium tetraisopropoxide- and tetraethyl orthos...Figure 4.3 Schematic illustration of self-assembly of CMNCs includes: 1) CNTs; 2...Figure 4.4 Schematic illustration of synthesis of CNT/pHBP hybrids via noncovale...Figure 4.5 Proposed schematic of the methylene blue (MB) degradation processes o...Figure 4.6 Schematic illustration of potential colloidal stability and aggregati...Figure 4.7 Schematic illustration of potential transport of CMNCs in aqueous por...Figure 4.8 Schematic illustration of potential chemical and biological transform...

4 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Comparison of the photocatalytic mechanism: (a) for UV irradiation of...Figure 5.2 Primary steps of the postulated mechanism for titania modified with P...Figure 5.3 Balance of the semiconductor–metal nanocomposite with the redox coupl...Figure 5.4 VB and CB energy levels of many semiconductors. Copy or adopt with pe...

5 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Electron–hole pair generation in a photo illuminated n-type semicondu...Figure 6.2 Powder XRD spectrum of (a) Unmodified Fe 2O 3nanoparticles; (b) APTS g...Figure 6.3 SEM images of (a) Unmodified Fe 2O 3nanoparticles and (b) APTS grafted...Figure 6.4 AFM (a) 3D image of unmodified Fe 2O 3Nanoparticles; (b) topographic i...Figure 6.5 TEM images of (a) Unmodified Fe 2O 3nanoparticles; (b) APTS grafted Fe...Figure 6.6 (a) SEM image of virgin NiO; (b) AMB-functionalized NiO.Figure 6.7 (a) EDS spectrum of virgin NiO; (b) AMB-functionalized NiO.Figure 6.8 Powder XRD spectrum of n-ZnO.Figure 6.9 (a) AFM image of n-ZnO; (b) AFM image of f-ZnO.Figure 6.10 XRD pattern of Ag 3O 4nanoparticles.Figure 6.11 (a) SEM image of bare Ag 3O 4nanoparticles; (b) SEM image of AMB func...Figure 6.12 (a) EDS spectrum of bare Ag 3O 4nanoparticles; (b) EDS spectrum of AM...Figure 6.13 (a) UV–Visible spectrum of AMP; (b) AMP functionalized NiO nanoparti...Figure 6.14 Absorption spectra of APTS in presence and absence of various concen...Figure 6.15 Absorption spectra of APTS in presence and absence of various concen...Figure 6.16 (a) Absorption spectrum of AMB; (b) AMB functionalized Ag 3O 4nanopar...Figure 6.17 Fluorescence spectra of APTS in the presence and absence of various ...Figure 6.18 (a) Fluorescence spectrum of AMP; (b) AMP functionalized NiO nanopar...Figure 6.19 HOMO and LUMO orbital diagrams of AMB.Figure 6.20 Fluorescence spectra of APTS in the presence and absence of various ...Figure 6.21 Mechanism of electron transfer.Figure 6.22 Molecular electrostatic potential map of AMB.Figure 6.23 (a) Fluorescence spectrum of AMB; (b) AMB functionalized Ag 3O 4nanop...