Alfalfa Management Guide

Steve Bicen, University of Wisconsin anthracnose; aphanomyces, roots; Fusarium wilt, roots; Phytophthora, roots; root assessment; verticillium wilt, root

Dennis Cosgrove, University of Wisconsin autotoxicity

Jim Ducy title page photo

Del Gates, Kansas State University alfalfa weevils

Craig Grau, University of Wisconsin aphanomyces, stunting; bacterial wilt, stunting; black stem, lesions; Fusarium wilt, field; Phytophthora, plant; sclerotinia; stand assessment; verticillium wilt, plants

B. Wolfgang Hoffmann, University of Wisconsin alfalfa plant, page 1; alfalfa flowers

Eric Holub, University of Wisconsin aphanomyces, seedling

Jeffrey S. Jacobsen, Montana State University nutrient deficiencies—all except boron leaf (from Diagnosis of Nutrient Deficiencies in Alfalfa and Wheat )

Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. alfalfa closeups; cover photo ; cow; inside cover

Lanie Rhodes, Ohio State University black stem, leaves; common leaf spot; lepto leaf spot

Marlin E. Rice, Iowa State University alfalfa weevil, blister beetles; clover leaf weevils; grasshopper; pea aphids; plant bug, adults; potato leafhopper, adult; spittlebug; variegated cutworm

Judy A. Thies, USDA-ARS root-lesion nematodes

John Wedberg, University of Wisconsin alfalfa blotch leafminer; clover root curculio, damage

Thanks also to Bruce Gossen and R´eal Michaud, research scientists at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, for their contributions to the disease maps.

This publication is a joint effort of: University of Wisconsin-Extension , Cooperative Extension

Minnesota Extension Service , University of Minnesota

Iowa State UniversityCooperative Extension Service

Published by:

American Society of Agronomy, Inc.

Crop Science Society of America, Inc.

Soil Science Society of America, Inc.

© 2015 by American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Crop Science Society of America, Inc., and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted without permission from the publishers.

The views expressed in this publication represent those of the individual Editors and Authors. These views do not necessarily reflect endorsement by the Publisher(s). In addition, trade names are sometimes mentioned in this publication. No endorsement of these products by the Publisher(s) is intended, nor is any criticism implied of similar products not mentioned.

ISBN:978-0-89118-347-1

Library of Congress Control Number:2015956808

Editor: Lisa Al-AmoodiDesigner: Patricia Scullion

Editor previous editions: Linda DeithDesigner previous editions: Susan Anderson

Printed in the USA.

Profitable forage production depends on high yields. Land, machinery, and most other operating costs stay the same whether harvesting 3 tons per acre or 6 tons per acre. Top yields in the northern United States have approached 10 tons per acre while average yields are around 3 tons per acre. This booklet describes what it takes to move from a 3-ton yield to 6 or 9 tons per acre.

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