Min Xie - Cyber-Physical Distributed Systems

6 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 The cyber‐physical structure of smart grid.Figure 7.2 Estimation result of cyber‐attacks from 2010.06 to 2018.09.Figure 7.3 Data scatter plot and linear prediction of .Figure 7.4 Comparison of regrets ( θ = θ 1, N = 10).Figure 7.5 Comparison of regrets ( θ = θ 1, N = 20) independently.Figure 7.6 Comparison of regrets ( θ = θ 2, N = 10).Figure 7.7 Comparison of regrets ( θ = θ 2, N = 20).Figure 7.8 Regrets under different variations ( θ = θ 1, N = 20).Figure 7.9 Regrets under different variations ( θ = θ 2, N = 20).

1 Cover Page

2 Title Page

3 Copyright Page

4 Preface

5 Acronyms and Abbreviations

6 Table of Contents

7 Begin Reading

8 References

9 Index

10 Wiley End User License Agreement

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Huadong Mo

School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales

Canberra, Australia

Giovanni Sansavini

Institute of Energy and Process Engineering

Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering

ETH Zurich

Zurich, Switzerland

Min Xie

Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management

City University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong, China

This edition first published 2021

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A cyber‐physical system (CPS) consists of a collection of computing devices communicating with one another and interacting with the physical world via sensors and actuators in a feedback loop. Increasingly, such systems are everywhere, from smart buildings to medical devices to automobiles. The emergence of CPSs as a novel paradigm has revolutionized the relationship between humans, computers, and the physical environment. CPSs are still in their infancy, and most recent studies are application‐specific and lack systematic design methodology. As a result, it is challenging to investigate and explore the core system science perspective needed to design and build complex CPSs, which are of great importance in many applications.