Barbara H. Rosenwein - Love

1 Cover

2 Dedication Dedication For Tom

3 Title Page Love: A History in Five Fantasies Barbara H. Rosenwein polity

4 Copyright Copyright © Barbara H. Rosenwein 2022 The right of Barbara H. Rosenwein to be identified as Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in 2022 by Polity Press Polity Press 65 Bridge Street Cambridge CB2 1UR, UK Polity Press 101 Station Landing Suite 300 Medford, MA 02155, USA All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISBN-13: 978-1-5095-3186-8 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Rosenwein, Barbara H., author. Title: Love: a history in five fantasies / Barbara H. Rosenwein. Description: Cambridge, UK; Medford, MA: Polity Press, 2021. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “A learned guide through the labyrinth of love”-- Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2021012470 (print) | LCCN 2021012471 (ebook) | ISBN 9781509531837 (hardback) | ISBN 9781509531868 (epub) Subjects: LCSH: Love. Classification: LCC BF575.L8 R68 2021 (print) | LCC BF575.L8 (ebook) | DDC 152.4/1--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021012470 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021012471 The publisher has used its best endeavours to ensure that the URLs for external websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to press. However, the publisher has no responsibility for the websites and can make no guarantee that a site will remain live or that the content is or will remain appropriate. Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been overlooked the publisher will be pleased to include any necessary credits in any subsequent reprint or edition. For further information on Polity, visit our website: politybooks.com

5 Epigraph PHEBE: Good shepherd, tell this youth what ’tis to love. SILVIUS: It is to be all made of fantasy, All made of passion and all made of wishes, All adoration, duty, and observance, All humbleness, all patience and impatience, All purity, all trial, all observance, And so am I for Phebe. William Shakespeare, As You Like It , Act V, scene 2

6 Acknowledgments Acknowledgments My first debt is to Riccardo Cristiani, with whom many of the topics considered here were first researched, discussed, and written up, albeit in other guises. I thank seven insightful readers who offered exceptionally useful comments on the manuscript as a whole: Christian Bailey, Naomi Honeth, Frances Freeman Paden, Pascal Porcheron, Tom Rosenwein, Michael Sherman, and Peter N. Stearns. William D. Paden has always given me much to think about, and I am grateful for his comments on a version of chapter 4 . This project went through more changes than most, and in its various forms, including this one, I would gratefully like to acknowledge the help of many friends and colleagues beyond those already mentioned: Katie Barclay, Jan Burzlaff, Angelos Chaniotis, Jennifer Cole, Matthieu Dupas, Laura Fair, Kathryn de Luna, Leslie Dossey, Annalese Duprey-Henry, Dyan Elliott, Abram Van Engen, Nicole Eustace, Elina Gertsman, Frederic Wright Gleach, Adriana Laura Guarro, Susan Karant-Nunn, David Melton, Barbara Newman, Nancy Segal, Mark Seymour, Simon Swain, Lynn M. Thomas, Fabrizio Titone, Uwe Vagelpohl, and Ilona Wysmułek. I thank Jennifer Stegen, a truly model interlibrary-loan librarian, and I am grateful for the fruitful partnership between the libraries of Loyola University Chicago and Northwestern University, which provided me with many extraordinary resources. At Polity Press, brilliant external readers, a very helpful staff, and above all Pascal Porcheron gave me much appreciated help and encouragement. With love I thank my family: Jess and her girls, Sophie and Natalie; Frank and Amy and their boys Joshua, Julian, and Benji; and my sister, Naomi, who not only read the book in manuscript but also faithfully sent me emails throughout the thick and thin of this project. She and her husband, Jim, tolerated with good will my chatter via FaceTime about the ever-changing kaleidoscope that was this book in progress. I dedicate the finished product to my husband, Tom. Whatever the fantasies of love may be, he is it.

7 Note to Readers Note to Readers All dates are CE (i.e. AD) unless otherwise noted; abbreviations associated with dates are d. = date of death, c . = circa (approximately), fl . = floruit (flourished). I have cited primary sources not originally in English in modern English translations. I have also updated the spelling and punctuation of early modern English materials and have in some instances substituted modern equivalents for outdated words and phrases. Unless otherwise noted, all biblical citations are from The New Oxford Annotated Bible: New Revised Standard Version with the Apocrypha. An Ecumenical Study Bible , ed. Michael D. Coogan with Marc Z. Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, and Pheme Perkins (5th edn, Oxford, 2018). All citations in both text and notes are to page number unless otherwise noted.

8 Introduction Notes

9 1 Like-Mindedness Partnerships God as the glue Women’s “other selves” Mirroring A pillow shared Notes

10 2 Transcendence Beyond the body Divine love Transcendence through child-rearing Back to the first rung Notes

11 3 Obligation Greek patriarchies and their fissures The right match Christianity’s imprint All you need is love? Notes

12 4 Obsession Obsession disparaged Obsession exalted Obsession critiqued Obsession ritualized Obsession regained The fantasy in real life Notes

13 5 Insatiability Sexual disporting in the ancient world Roving hands Lovers in motion Lifelong love Eros unbound Notes

14 Conclusion Notes

15 Further ReadingChapter 1 Like-Mindedness Chapter 2 Transcendence Chapter 3 Obligation Chapter 4 Obsession Chapter 5 Insatiability

16 Bibliography

17 Figure Acknowledgments

18 Index

19 End User License Agreement

1 Cover

2 Table of Contents

3 Dedication

4 Title Page

5 Copyright

6 Epigraph

7 Acknowledgements

8 Note to Readers

9 Introduction

10 Begin Reading

11 Conclusion

12 Further Reading

13 Bibliography

14 Figure Acknowledgments

15 Index

16 End User License Agreement

1 Plate 1.‘Before I Fight this Dragon’ New Yorker Cartoon

2 Plate 2.Sergius and Bacchus

3 Plate 3.Marc Chagall, The Birthday (1915)

4 Plate 4.Old Testament Genesis, Initial

5 Plate 5.Lady Love Hits Her Mark

6 Plate 6.Roman Tombstone

7 Plate 7.Holy Family

8 Plate 8.The Lover Heard, c.1785, Louis Marin Bonnet

9 Plate 9.Eros (5th century BCE)

10 Plate 10.A Nun Gathers Penises from a Tree

11 Plate 11.Castle of Love

12 Plate 12.Roman Erotic Scene

13 Plate 13.America Greets Vespucci

14 Plate 14.Aretino as Phallic Satyr

15 Plate 15.Lord Byron

1 ii