Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks - Gender in History

Global Perspectives

Third Edition

MERRY E. WIESNER-HANKS

University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Milwaukee, WI

This third edition first published 2022

© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Edition History

Blackwell Publishing Ltd (1e, 2001), Wiley-Blackwell (2e, 2011)

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E., 1952- author.

Title: Gender in history : global perspectives / Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI.

Description: Third edition. | Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2021021138 (print) | LCCN 2021021139 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119719205 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119719274 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119719236 (epub)

Subjects: LCSH: Sex role--History. | Social history.

Classification: LCC HQ1075 .W526 2022 (print) | LCC HQ1075 (ebook) | DDC 305.3/09--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021021138LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021021139

Cover image: © Picture of Men and Women from all nations by Utagawa Yoshiiku/Bequest of William S. Lieberman, 2005, The MET, Creative Commons Zero (CC0)Cover design by Wiley

Set in 10/12pt and SabonLTStd by Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India

1 Cover

2 Title page GENDER IN HISTORY Global Perspectives Third Edition MERRY E. WIESNER-HANKS University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Milwaukee, WI

3 Copyright

4 List of Figures

5 Acknowledgments

6 About the Companion Website

7 1 Introduction Women’s and Gender HistoryWorld and Global HistoryyGender, Sex, and SexualityDifference and IntersectionalityTheory in HistoryGender History as a FieldStructure of the Book

8 2 Ideas, Ideals, Norms, and Laws The Nature and Roles of Men and WomenBinariesMotherhood and FatherhoodIdeologies, Norms, and Laws Prescribing Gender InequityIdeologies of Egalitarianism

9 3 Early Human History (to 3000 BCE) Early Hominids Homo Sapiens Paleolithic Society and SpiritualityDomesticationAgricultural SocietiesThe Origins of Patriarchy

10 4 Ancient Cities and States (3000 BCE–600 BCE) Cities and Social HierarchiesWritingFamilies and HouseholdsWorkReligions in the Ancient Near EastHereditary Dynasties and Female Rulers

11 5 Classical Cultures (500 BCE–500 BCE) Family Life in the Classical Cultures of EurasiaSexuality in Classical EurasiaPhilosophy and Religion in East Asia: Confucianism and DaoismReligious Traditions of South Asia: Hinduism and BuddhismReligious Traditions in the Mediterranean: ChristianityEducation and Culture

12 6 The Middle Millennium (500 CE–1500 CE) Families, Households, and Kin in Africa, the Americas, and the PacificReligious Traditions Transmitted OrallyState Based Societies in the AmericasCourts and Courtly CultureThe Rise and Spread of IslamEurope and the MediterraneanCities and the Gendering of Work

13 7 The Middle Millennium (500 CE–1500 CE) Economic DevelopmentsThe RenaissanceReligious TransformationsFamilies and RaceRepresentations of Conquest and ColonializationWomen and Politics

14 8 The Modern World (1800 CE–2021 CE) IndustrializationImperialismNineteenth-century Movements for Social ChangeModern SexualityWars, Revolutions, and Political ChangeThe Industrial and Postindustrial EconomyFamilies in the Twentieth and Twenty-first CenturiesCultural Changes in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries

15 Index

16 Afterword

17 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Enea Vico, Nature, 1545–1550.Figure 2.2 #NiUnaMenos March in Lima, Peru, 2016.

2 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Venus of Willendorf, c. 23,000 BCE.Figure 3.2 Figures on the Manunngul Burial Jar.

3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Egyptian Women at a Banquet, ca. 1479–1425 BCE.Figure 4.2 Sumerian female worshipper, 2600–2500 BCE.

4 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Athenian water jar, ca. 450 BCE.Figure 5.2 Female dancer, China, second century BCE.

5 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Sonriente (smiling figure) from the Remojadas...Figure 6.2 Ryújo, handscroll of The Tale of Genji, 1594.

6 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Artemisia Gentileschi, Esther Before...Figure 7.2 Queen Mother Pendant Mask, Benin, sixteenth century.

7 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Winslow Homer, New England Factory Life...Figure 8.2 José Guadalupe Posada, Broadside with men...Figure 8.3 Poster advertising Stearns bicycles, 1896.

1 Cover

2 Title page GENDER IN HISTORY Global Perspectives Third Edition MERRY E. WIESNER-HANKS University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Milwaukee, WI

3 Copyright

4 Table of Contents

5 List of Figures

6 Acknowledgments

7 About the Companion Website