William Allegrezza - Epics of the Americas

13 See Hank Lazer’s “The Lyric Valuables: Soundings, Questions, & Examples” for a discuss on lyric temporal distortions.

14 Neruda and Whitman both posit anti-intellectual sentiments, yet in both cases their comments appear as posturing. Neruda trained in French at the University in Santiago, and Whitman, though not college educated, was a voracious reader. In both cases the posturing seems linked to their desires to be an image of the common human, a necessary political image in democracy and communism.

15 See Santí’s “The Accidental Tourist: Walt Whitman in Latin America,” Larry Stone’s “The Continental Voice: Whitman’s Influence on Pablo Neruda,” Peter Earle’s “Whitman and Neruda and their Implicit Cultural Revolution,” Jaime Alazraki’s “Neruda y Borges: Dos Rostros de Walt Whitman,” or James Nolan’s Poet Chief for Whitman’s affect on Neruda.

16 This is the usual English translation of the title. A more literal translation would be “I’ve Come to Renegotiate my Debt with Whitman.” Neruda is playing on the idea of Latin American’s financial debt to the United States.

17 From Peden’s translation in Passions and Impressions .

18 All the translations of Canto general , unless otherwise noted, are from Jack Schmitt’s translation.

19 This is not true with regard to the colonization of Chile. As in the United States, in the area of Chile, native tribes were not centralized; thus, conquering a whole tribe was not always possible. After the Spaniards, the Chilean government finally came to a peace with the Araucanian Native Americans when it realized the difficulty of defeating everyone.

20 There are individual heroes in Latin America, such as Martin Fierro; however, most Latin American characters are engaged in a collective. There is not as much focus on their individual actions as their actions in regard to the collective.

21 Both Pablo Neruda and Gabriel García Márquez in their Nobel lectures mention the isolation of Latin America in the Western tradition. In fact, the title of García Márquez’s lecture, “The Solitude of Latin America,” reflects this issue.

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