Carl Clausewitz - The Strategy of Warfare – Boxed Set

CHAPTER VII. EXAMINATION OF SUDDEN DEATH.

CHAPTER VIII. TRIAL AND TORTURE TO ELICIT CONFESSION.

CHAPTER IX. PROTECTION OF ALL KINDS OF GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS.

CHAPTER X. FINES IN LIEU OF MUTILATION OF LIMBS.

CHAPTER XI. DEATH WITH OR WITHOUT TORTURE.

CHAPTER XII. SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH IMMATURE GIRLS.

CHAPTER XIII. PUNISHMENT FOR VIOLATING JUSTICE.

Book V, "The Conduct of Courtiers"

CHAPTER I. CONCERNING THE AWARDS OF PUNISHMENTS.

CHAPTER II. REPLENISHMENT OF THE TREASURY.

CHAPTER III. CONCERNING SUBSISTENCE TO GOVERNMENT SERVANTS.

CHAPTER IV. THE CONDUCT OF A COURTIER.

CHAPTER V. TIME-SERVING.

CHAPTER VI. CONSOLIDATION OF THE KINGDOM AND ABSOLUTE SOVEREIGNTY.

Book VI, "The Source of Sovereign States"

CHAPTER I. THE ELEMENTS OF SOVEREIGNTY.

CHAPTER II. CONCERNING PEACE AND EXERTION.

Book VII, "The End of the Six-Fold Policy"

CHAPTER I. THE SIX-FOLD POLICY, AND DETERMINATION OF DETERIORATION, STAGNATION AND PROGRESS.

CHAPTER II. THE NATURE OF ALLIANCE.

CHAPTER III. THE CHARACTER OF EQUAL, INFERIOR AND SUPERIOR KINGS; AND FORMS OF AGREEMENT MADE BY AN INFERIOR KING.

CHAPTER IV. NEUTRALITY AFTER PROCLAIMING WAR OR AFTER CONCLUDING A TREATY OF PEACE; MARCHING AFTER PROCLAIMING WAR OR AFTER MAKING PEACE; AND THE MARCH OF COMBINED POWERS.

CHAPTER V. CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT MARCHING AGAINST AN ASSAILABLE ENEMY AND A STRONG ENEMY; CAUSES LEADING TO THE DWINDLING, GREED, AND DISLOYALTY OF THE ARMY; AND CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE COMBINATION OF POWERS.

CHAPTER VI. THE MARCH OF COMBINED POWERS; AGREEMENT OF PEACE WITH OR WITHOUT DEFINITE TERMS; AND PEACE WITH RENEGADES.

CHAPTER VII. PEACE AND WAR BY ADOPTING THE DOUBLE POLICY.

CHAPTER VIII. THE ATTITUDE OF AN ASSAILABLE ENEMY; AND FRIENDS THAT DESERVE HELP.

CHAPTER IX. AGREEMENT FOR THE ACQUISITION OF A FRIEND OR GOLD.

CHAPTER X. AGREEMENT OF PEACE FOR THE ACQUISITION OF LAND.

CHAPTER XI. INTERMINABLE AGREEMENT.

CHAPTER XII. AGREEMENT FOR UNDERTAKING A WORK.

CHAPTER XIII. CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT AN ENEMY IN THE REAR.

CHAPTER XIV. RECRUITMENT OF LOST POWER.

CHAPTER XV. MEASURES CONDUCIVE TO PEACE WITH A STRONG AND PROVOKED ENEMY; AND THE ATTITUDE OF A CONQUERED ENEMY.

CHAPTER XVI. THE ATTITUDE OF A CONQUERED KING.

CHAPTER XVII. MAKING PEACE AND BREAKING IT.

CHAPTER XVIII. THE CONDUCT OF A MADHYAMA KING, A NEUTRAL KING, AND OF A CIRCLE OF STATES.

Book VIII, "Concerning Vices and Calamities"

CHAPTER I. THE AGGREGATE OF THE CALAMITIES OF THE ELEMENTS OF SOVEREIGNTY.

CHAPTER II. CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE TROUBLES OF THE KING AND OF HIS KINGDOM.

CHAPTER III. THE AGGREGATE OF THE TROUBLE OF MEN.

CHAPTER IV. THE GROUP OF MOLESTATIONS, THE GROUP OF OBSTRUCTIONS, AND THE GROUP OF FINANCIAL TROUBLES.

CHAPTER V. THE GROUP OF TROUBLES OF THE ARMY, AND THE GROUP OF TROUBLES OF A FRIEND.

Book IX, "The Work of an Invader"

CHAPTER I. THE KNOWLEDGE OF POWER, PLACE, TIME, STRENGTH, AND WEAKNESS; THE TIME OF INVASION.

CHAPTER II. THE TIME OF RECRUITING THE ARMY; THE FORM OF EQUIPMENT; AND THE WORK OF ARRAYING A RIVAL FORCE.

CHAPTER III. CONSIDERATION OF ANNOYANCE IN THE REAR; AND REMEDIES AGAINST INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL TROUBLES.

CHAPTER IV. CONSIDERATION ABOUT LOSS OF MEN, WEALTH, AND PROFIT.

CHAPTER V. EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL DANGERS.

CHAPTER VI. PERSONS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAITORS AND ENEMIES

CHAPTER VII. DOUBTS ABOUT WEALTH AND HARM; AND SUCCESS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE EMPLOYMENT OF ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIC MEANS.

Book X, "Relating to War"

CHAPTER I. ENCAMPMENT.

CHAPTER II. MARCH OF THE CAMP; AND PROTECTION OF THE ARMY IN TIMES OF DISTRESS AND ATTACK.

CHAPTER III. FORMS OF TREACHEROUS FIGHTS; ENCOURAGEMENT TO ONE'S OWN ARMY AND FIGHT BETWEEN ONE'S OWN AND ENEMY'S ARMIES.

CHAPTER IV. BATTLEFIELDS; THE WORK OF INFANTRY, CAVALRY, CHARIOTS, AND ELEPHANTS.

CHAPTER V. THE DISTINCTIVE ARRAY OF TROOPS IN RFSPECT OF WINGS, FLANKS, AND FRONT; DISTINCTION BETWEEN STRONG AND WEAK TROOPS; AND BATTLE WITH INFANTRY, CAVALRY, CHARIOTS AND ELEPHANTS.

CHAPTER VI. THE ARRAY OF THE ARMY LIKE A STAFF, A SNAKE, A CIRCLE, OR IN DETACHED ORDER; THE ARRAY OF THE ARMY AGAINST THAT OF AN ENEMY.

Book XI, "The Conduct of Corporations"

CHAPTER I. CAUSES OF DISSENSION; AND SECRET PUNISHMENT.

Book XII, "Concerning a Powerful Enemy"

CHAPTER I. THE DUTIES OF A MESSENGER.

CHAPTER II. BATTLE OF INTRIGUE.

CHAPTER III. SLAYING THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF AND INCITING A CIRCLE OF STATES.

CHAPTER IV. SPIES WITH WEAPONS, FIRE, AND POISON; AND DESTRUCTION OF SUPPLY, STORES AND GRANARIES.

CHAPTER V. CAPTURE OF THE ENEMY BY MEANS OF SECRET CONTRIVANCES OR BY MEANS OF THE ARMY; AND COMPLETE VICTORY.

Book XIII, "Strategic Means to Capture a Fortress"

CHAPTER I. SOWING THE SEEDS OF DISSENSION.

CHAPTER II. ENTICEMENT OF KINGS BY SECRET CONTRIVANCES.

CHAPTER III. THE WORK OF SPIES IN A SIEGE.

CHAPTER IV. THE OPERATION OF A SIEGE.

CHAPTER V. RESTORATION OF PEACE IN A CONQUERED COUNTRY.

Book XIV, "Secret Means"

CHAPTER I. MEANS TO INJURE AN ENEMY.

CHAPTER II. WONDERFUL AND DELUSIVE CONTRIVANCES.

CHAPTER III. THE APPLICATION OF MEDICINES AND MANTRAS.

CHAPTER IV. REMEDIES AGAINST THE INJURIES OF ONE'S OWN ARMY.

Book XV, "The Plan of a Treatise"

CHAPTER I. PARAGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS OF THIS TREATISE.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

ANVIKSHAKI, the triple Védas (Trayi), Várta (agriculture, cattle-breeding and trade), and Danda-Niti (science of government) are what are called the four sciences.

The school of Manu (Manava) hold that there are only three sciences: the triple Vedas, Varta and the science of government, inasmuch as the science of Anvikshaki is nothing but a special branch of the Vedas.

The school of Brihaspati say that there are only two sciences: Varta and the science of government, inasmuch as the Triple Vedas are merely an abridgment (Samvarana, pretext?) for a man experienced in affairs temporal (Lokayatravidah).

The school of Usanas declare that there is only one science, and that the science of government; for, they say, it is in that science that all other sciences have their origin and end.

But Kautilya holds that four and only four are the sciences; wherefore it is from these sciences that all that concerns righteousness and wealth is learnt, therefore they are so called.

Anvikshaki comprises the Philosophy of Sankhya, Yoga, and Lokayata.

Righteous and unrighteous acts (Dharmadharmau) are learnt from the triple Vedas; wealth and non-wealth from Varta; the expedient and the inexpedient (Nayanayau), as well as potency and impotency (Balabale) from the science of government.

When seen in the light of these sciences, the science of Anvikshaki is most beneficial to the world, keeps the mind steady and firm in weal and woe alike, and bestows excellence of foresight, speech and action.

Light to all kinds of knowledge, easy means to accomplish all kinds of acts and receptacle of all kinds of virtues, is the Science of Anvikshaki ever held to be.

[Thus ends Chapter II, "Determination of the place of Anvikshaki" among Sciences in Book I, "Concerning Discipline" of the Arthasástra of Kautilya.]

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Determination of the place of the Triple Vedas.

THE three Vedas, Sama, Rik and Yajus, constitute the triple Vedas. These together with Atharvaveda and the Itihasaveda are (known as) the Vedas.