Евгений Киндлер - Русский язык. Вводный разговорно-грамматический практикум

Hello! My name is Ivanova Dasha and I want to tell about my day. I usually wake up at six in the morning.

First, I wash my face, and then I do exercises. Exercising helps me feel good. Then I go to have breakfast. In the morning I drink tea or coffee. Unfortunately, I don’t always succeed in cooking in the morning, because I am in a hurry to study and am afraid to be late. Fortunately, I come late very rare. I study at University. It is located in the city center.

I get myself to the university by car, in about twenty or thirty minutes. Classes begin at nine in the morning and end at five in the evening. In the afternoon I have lunch in the dining room. After class, I drive home and do my homework. I study English and French, because I want to work abroad and am getting ready to take exams. I always try to do a lot, as it is interesting and useful. I usually cook dinner myself and eat at seven in the evening. After dinner, I watch movies, read books or chat with friends on the Internet. I often go to bed at twelve in the morning. It’s late, so I don’t always get enough sleep.

Упражнение 7. Write and tell about your day. Use reflexive verbs

Упражнение 8. Ask two interviewees and then compare the answers. Tell about your partner.

Слова:

Сегодня – today

вчера – yesterday

завтра – tomorrow

позавчера – day before yesterday

послезавтра – day after tomorrow

Упражнение 1. Write what day is today, yesterday, tomorrow, day before yesterday, day after tomorrow

Понедельник

Вторник

Среда

Четверг

Пятница

Суббота

Воскресенье

You have already known the verb «быть» (to be). The verb is not used as a bunch verb in English that connects the subject with a complement or adjective.

Я учитель – NOT Я есть учитель

The second form was used only in old Russian or sometimes in scientific or journalistic texts. In spoken language it sounds very weird. However, when it comes the past tense or the future tense, the verb is used in the same way as in English.

In the future tense the verb has 4 forms: буду, будешь, будет, будем, будете, будут.

In the past tense the verb has 4 forms: был, была, было, были.

Future tense

Past tense

Упражнение 2. Write what day is today, yesterday, tomorrow etc. using the verb «быть».

Сегодня…

Завтра…

Вчера…

Позавчера…

Послезавтра…

Note:

The question «What day is today?» is asked with the question word «какой» Какой сегодня день? – NOT – Что день сегодня?

Какой?(m), Какая?(f), Какое?(n), Какие(pl)? – Which? What sort of?

Упражнение 2. Write sentences

Какие уроки сегодня?

Какие уроки были вчера?

Какие уроки будут завтра?

Сегодня…

Вчера…

Завтра…

You know that the verb to be with preposition is used to express the idea of possession.

У меня есть – I have

The same situation we have in past and future tenses

У меня был – I had

У меня будет – I will have

The choice of form of the verb depends on the gender and number of nouns in past tense and on the number of nouns in future tense.

Note:

Упражнение 3. Match nouns to verb forms according to gender and number

У меня был

У меня была

У меня было

У меня были

У меня будет

У меня будут

The verb бытьis used as an auxiliary on to form the future tense with imperfective verbs ( Imperfective Future). The imperfective future shows that the action will not be completed or it will be repeated.

Упражнение 4. Make sentences in the present and future tense

Пример:

Речь – говорить

Сегодня у нас «Речь». Мы говорим.

Завтра у нас будет речь «Речь». Мы будем говорить.

Remember also affirmative, interrogative аnd negative sentences in the imperfective future

+ Ты будешь делать.

?Ты будешь делать?

– Ты не будешь делать.

Упражнение 5. Answer the questions. Make affirmative аnd negative sentences with verbs in future tense.