Яков Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 2 курс

And all the summer flowers,

The red fires blaze,

The grey smoke towers.

Sing a song of seasons!

Something bright in all!

Flowers in the summer,

Fires in the fall!

(R. L. Stevenson)

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY (II)

Words

appreciate υ

genuinely adv

responsibility n

career n

job n

responsible adj

challenge n

profession n

vital adj

choice n

reliable adj

vocation n

educate υ

respect υ

work n, υ

Word Combinations

to make/take a (careful) choice

rewarding/stimulating work

to have no choice

to be devoted to smth. or smb.

to be interested in

to be responsible for smth.

to leave/finish school

to take/accept responsibility

school leaver

to have/need a sense of res-

to consider teaching (medicine,

ponsibliliry

etc.) as a career

to cope with smth.

to take up a carrer/a job

to earn/enjoy gratitude

to go in for teaching

and respect

to be in teaching (medicine,

to have (no) respect for

banking, etc.)

smb. or smth.

to be in/out of one's line

love of smth./for smb.

Note: The nouns "work, job, profession, career, vocation" have more or less the same

meaning. Nevertheless there is a certain diffеrence in their semantics and usage.

"Work" has the most general meaning and can be applied to anything one has to do in the

way of making a living. "Job" is close to it in its meaning but tends to denote less prestigious work.

Apart from that the word "job" can also denote a position in employment, in which case the

difference between the words "work" and "job" is quite obvious ( е.g. I'm very fond of шу job, even

though it means doing a lot of work). "Profession" is work which requires advanced education and

special training. Traditionally it's applied to law, medicine, architecture and military career. The word

"career" itself means either a course of progress in the life of a person or has the same meaning as

the word "work" and is mostly used when speaking of the choice of work. The word "vocation"

means the kind of work to which a man is led by natural talents (compare with the word "calling").

It's a learned word and is seldom used in everyday speech.

Remember that thе word "work" in the meaning mentioned above is uncountable and

shouldn't be used with the indefinite article or in the plural.

In contrast to it the word "job" is countable and can be used with the indefinite article.

EXERCISES

I. a) Transcribe and learn to read the following words:

machines, appreciate, humanity, vital, challenge, individual, awareness, ignorance, fearful,

boredom, medium, accept, routine, stimulating, variety.

b) Study Texts A and В and explain the meaning of the words and word

combinations listed below:

think privately, the most vital job, a rewarding, job, a challenge to your character, an ignorant

teacher, a guardian, the same routine, stimulating work, to go in for teaching

II. a) Write English equivalents of the following words and phrases. Use them

in sentences of your own:

сделать выбор, иметь призвание (способности) к чему-л., интересоваться чем-то,

подумать о профессии учителя, оценить, быть преданным своей работе, служить людям,

жгучее стремление к знаниям, уважение к кому-л.

b) Find in Text A synonyms to the following words and word combinations:

to do well in smth., in fact, because, faithful, confess, gratifying, sincerely, knowledge, to

ruin.

III. a) Enlarge upon the following topics:

1. After your parents your teacher may be the most important person in your life. 2. Teaching

is not easy and a real challenge to your character, abilities and talent. 3. To be a good teacher you

must be genuinely interested in what you are doing. 4. Teaching is a constant stream of decisions. 5.

Every time you learn something new you become something new.

P r o m p t s: there's one more thing to be noted, moreover, what's more..., I might as well add

that..., in addition, on top of that..., something else I'd like to say is..., talking of....

b) Comment on the quotation from John Steinbeck, say if you share his

opinion. Do you also think that teaching equals art? Why do you think that! Find

more quotations concerned with teachers and teaching, comment on them.

c) Continue the text on the part of the teacher. You may find the following

ideas useful:

A good teacher is one who learns all the time, from life, from colleagues, from children; a

professional teacher integrates theory and practice; this sort of work demands great patience; there

are many skills necessary for good teaching.

d) Prepare a 3-minute talk on one of the great teachers of the past or today,

give reasons for your choice.

IV. a) Act out the dialogue "Choosing is not so easy as it looks".

b) Role-play a talk between an intending teacher and a will-be journalist on

differences and similarities of the careers they've chosen. Use Text В and Essential

Vocabulary П.

V. Speak about:

1. possible change in the system of secondary education in Russia.

P r o m p t s: universal compulsory education, to extend the training course, to improve the

educational process, to modernize programmes and manuals, to use up-to-date technical equipment,

to provide optional training in various subjects.

2. an ideal school as you see it.

VI. Bead the jokes below. See how the verbs learn and s tudy are used in the

context. Consult a dictionary and find out the difference in their meaning and usage.

Retell the jokes in indirect speech:

1. A young teacher just beginning his career asks advice of an older member of the faculty:

"What have you learned in your years of experience?"

"I've learned one thing. Often you will find while you are giving a lesson in class that there is

one young upstart who always disagrees with you. Tell me, would you stop him and try to make him

shut up right then and there?"

"I suppose I would."

"Well, don't. He's probably the only one who is listening to you."

2. A high-school girl seated next to a famous astronomer at a dinner party struck up a

conversation asking, "What do you do in life?"

He replied, "I study astronomy."

"Dear me," said the young miss, "I finished astronomy last year."

VII. Translate the sentences using the words learn and s tudy in their different

meanings:

1. В молодости он изучал химию в университете. 2. Дети легко учат иностранные

языки. 3. Я очень огорчился, когда узнал, что не сдал экзамен. 4. Весь вечер он занимался в