Igor Volkov - Hardware and software of the brain

Other parts of functional architecture

If the neocortex is the associative memory of the brain and the limbic system – its processor, the next step would be to describe Input/Output system. In contrast to PC, human memory is anatomically partitioned and different parts are assigned for different purposes. Comparison of human and computer I/O systems may be as lengthy as the preceding comparison of central processing, but now we will just mention that they are very different as well and concentrate on the first. In particular, I/O system of PC was very asymmetric. These computers had quickly got a graphical display with a complicated controller and a video card, but the main input remained a keyboard and a mouse. When decent video input became available, PC itself already lost its market share. Output subsystem was obviously better developed here and the term "programming" reflects this. It refers more to generating output actions and pays less attention to analysis of input data.

In humans, the main input comes from vision and the main output goes to muscles via the motor system. Both are approximately equally developed. They have cortical and subcortical representation of comparable complexity. The human sensory system has several different receptors (vision, hearing, etc.) with separate sensory channels. At the top, all of them converge in the TPO (Temporalis-Parietalis-Occipitalis) region of the neocortex which resides between cortical representations of different sensory modalities. The TPO zone obviously syntheses an abstract picture of the world and is also related to human consciousness.

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