Зигмунд Фрейд - Totem and Taboo

The Secret of the Totem , 1905, p. 34.

Ibid.

Ibid.

According to Andrew Lang.

Pikler and Somló, The Origin of Totemism , 1901. The authors rightly call their attempt at explanation a “Contribution to the materialistic theory of History.”

The Origin of Animal Worship ( Fortnightly Review , 1870). Principles of Psychology , Vol. I, §§ 169 to 176.

Kamilaroi and Kurmai , p. 165, 1880 (Lang, Secret of the Totem , etc.).

See the chapter on Taboo, p. 96.

l.c. , Vol. I, p. 41.

Address to the Anthropological Section, British Association , Belfast, 1902. According to Frazer, l.c. , Vol. IV, p. 50.

The Native Tribes of Central Australia , by Baldwin Spencer and H. J. Gillen, London, 1891.

There is nothing vague or mystical about it, nothing of that metaphysical haze which some writers love to conjure up over the humblest beginnings of human speculation but which is utterly foreign to the simple, sensuous, and concrete modes of the savage. ( Totemism and Exogamy , I., p. 117.)

l.c. , p. 120.

L’année Sociologique , Vol. I, V, VIII, and elsewhere. See especially the chapter, Sur le Totémisme , Vol. V, 1901.

Social Origins and the Secret of the Totem.

The Golden Bough , II, p. 332.

“It is unlikely that a community of savages should deliberately parcel out the realm of nature into provinces, assign each province to a particular band of magicians, and bid all the bands to work their magic and weave their spells for the common good.” Totemism and Exogamy , Vol. IV, p. 57.

Totemism and Exogamy , Vol. II, p. 89, and IV, p. 59.

Totemism and Exogamy , Vol. IV, p. 63.

“That belief is a philosophy far from primitive”, Andrew Lang, Secret of the Totem , p. 192.

Frazer, Totemism and Exogamy , Vol. IV, p. 45.

Frazer, l.c. , p. 48.

Wundt, Elemente der Völker–Psychologie , p. 190.

L’année Sociologique , 1898–1904.

See Frazer’s Criticism of Durkheim, Totemism and Exogamy , p. 101.

Secret , etc., p. 125.

See Frazer, l.c. , Vol. IV, p. 75: “The totemic clan is a totally different social organism from the exogamous class, and we have good grounds for thinking that it is far older.”

Primitive Marriage , 1865.

Frazer, l.c. , p. 73 to 92.

Compare Chapter I.

Morgan, Ancient Society , 1877.—Frazer, Totemism and Exogamy , Vol. IV, p. 105.

Frazer, l.c. , p. 106.

Origin and Development of Moral Conceptions , Vol. II: Marriage (1909). See also there the author’s defence against familiar objections.

l.c. , p. 97.

Compare Durkheim, La Prohibition de l’Inceste ( L’année Sociologique , I, 1896–7).

Charles Darwin says about savages: “They are not likely to reflect on distant evils to their progeny.”

See Chapter I.

“Thus the ultimate origin of exogamy and with it the law of incest—since exogamy was devised to prevent incest—remains a problem nearly as dark as ever.”— Totemism and Exogamy , I, p. 165.

The Origin of Man , Vol. II, Chap. 20, pp. 603–4.

Primal Law , London, 1903 (with Andrew Lang, Social Origins ).

Secret of the Totem , pp. 114, 143.

“If it be granted that exogamy existed in practice, on the lines of Mr. Darwin’s theory, before the totem beliefs lent to the practice a sacred sanction, our task is relatively easy. The first practical rule would be that of the jealous sire: ‘No males to touch the females in my camp,’ with expulsion of adolescent sons. In efflux of time that rule, becoming habitual , would be, ‘No marriages within the local group.’ Next let the local groups receive names such as Emus, Crows, Opossums, Snipes, and the rule becomes, ‘No marriage within the local group of animal name; no Snipe to marry a Snipe.’ But, if the primal groups were not exogamous they would become so as soon as totemic myths and taboos were developed out of the animal, vegetable, and other names of small local groups.”—‘ Secret of the Totem ’, p. 143. (The italics above are mine).—In his last expression on the subject ( Folklore , December, 1911), Andrew Lang states, however, that he has given up the derivation of exogamy out of the “general totemic” taboo.

M. Wulff, Contributions to Infantile Sexuality , Zentralbl. f. Psychoanalyze , 1912, II, No. I, p. 15.

Little Hans , trans. by A. A. Brill (Moffat, Yard & Co., N.Y.).

l.c. , p. 41.

‘The Phantasy of the Giraffe,’ l.c. , p. 30.

S. Ferenczi, Contributions to Psychoanalysis , p. 204, translated by Ernest Jones (Badger, Boston, 1916).

Compare the communications of Reitler, Ferenczi, Rank, and Eder about the substitution of blindness in the Oedipus myth for castration. Intern. Zeitschrift f. ärtzl. Psychoanalyze , 1913, I, No. 2.

Ferenczi, l.c. , p. 209.

Ferenczi, l.c. , p. 212.

Frazer finds that the essence of totemism is in this identification: “Totemism is an identification of a man with his totem.” Totemism and Exogamy , IV, p. 5.

I am indebted to Otto Rank for the report of a case of dog phobia in an intelligent young man whose explanation of how he acquired his ailment sounds remarkably like the totem theory of the Aruntas mentioned above. He had heard from his father that his mother at one time during her pregnancy had been frightened by a dog.

The Religion of the Semites , Second Edition, London, 1907.

The Religion of the Semites , Second Edition, London, 1907.