Несса Кэри - Мусорная ДНК. Путешествие в темную материю генома

10. Star Trek: First Contact [«Звездный путь. Первый контакт«] (1996). Несомненно, лучший фильм из всего цикла — во всяком случае, до того, как Дж.Дж. Адамс взялся за перезагрузку проекта.

11. См. https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/SHOX.

12. Hemani G, Yang J, Vinkhuyzen A, Powell JE, Willemsen G, Hottenga JJ, Abdellaoui A, Mangino M, Valdes AM, Medland SE, Madden PA, Heath AC, Henders AK, Nyholt DR, deGeusEJ, Magnusson PK, Ingelsson E, Montgomery GW, Spector TD, Boomsma DI, Pedersen NL, Martin NG, Visscher PM. Inference of the genetic architecture underlying BMI and height with the use of 20,240 sibling pairs. Am J Hum Genet. 2013 Nov 7;93(5):865-875.

1. Массу информации о проекте ENCODE, в том числе ряд интервью с некоторыми из его ведущих специалистов, см. в: http://www.nature.com/encode.

2. http://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/sep/05/genes-genome-junk-dna-encode.

3. http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/05/health/encode-human-genome/index. html?hpt-hp_bn 12.

4. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/9524165/Worldwide-army-of-scientists-cracks-the-junk-DNA-code.html.

5. ENCODE Project Consortium, Bernstein BE, Birney E, Dunham I, Green ED, Gunter C, Snyder M. An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature. 2012 Sep 6;489(7414):57-74.

6. Mattick JS. A new paradigm for developmental biology. J Exp Biol. 2007 May; 210(Pt 9):1526-47.

7. Sanyal A, Lajoie BR, Jain G, Dekker J. The long-range interaction landscape of gene promoters. Nature. 2012 Sep 6;489(7414):109-13.

8. Thurman RE, Rynes E, Humbert R, Vierstra J, Maurano MTif-Haugen E, Sheffield NC, Stergachis AB, Wang H, Vernot B, Garg K, John S, Sandstrom R, Bates D, Boatman L, Canfield TK, Diegel M, Dunn D, Ebersol AK, Frum T, Giste E, Johnson AK, Johnson EM, Kutyavin T, Lajoie В, Lee BK, Lee К, London D, Lotakis D, Neph S, Neri F, Nguyen ED, Qu H, Reynolds AP, Roach V, Saf A, Sanchez ME, Sanyal A, Shafer A, Simon JM, Song L, VongS, Weaver M, Yan Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Lenhard B, Tewari M, Dorschner MO, Hansen RS, Navas PA, Stamatoyannopoulos G, Iyer VR, Lieb JD, Sunyaev SR, Akey JM, Sabo PJ, Kaul R, Furey TS, Dekker J, Crawford GE, Stamatoyannopoulos JA. The accessible chromatin landscape of the human genome. Nature. 2012 Sep 6;489(7414):75-82.

9. Djebali S, Davis CA, Merkel A, Dobin A, Lassmann T, Mortazavi A, Tänzer A, Lagarde J, Lin W, Schlesinger F, Xue C, Marinov GK, Khatiin J, Williams BA, Zaleski C, Rozowsky J, Röder M, Kokocinski F, Abdelhamid RF, Alioto T, Antoshechkin I, Baer MT, Bar NS, Batut P, Bell K, Bell I, Chakrabortty S, Chen X, Chrast J, Curado J, Derrien T, Drenkow J, Dumais E, Dumais J, Duttagupta R, Falconnet E, Fastuca M, Fejes-Toth K, Ferreira P, Foissac S, Fullwood MJ, Gao H, Gonzalez D, Gordon A, Gunawardena H, Howald C, Jha S, Johnson R, Kapranov P, King B, Kingswood C, Luo OJ, Park E, Persaud K, Preall JB, Ribeca P, Risk B, Robyr D, Sammeth M, Schaffer L, See LH, Shahab A, Skancke J, Suzuki AM, Takahashi H, Tilgner H, Trout D, Walters N, Wang H, Wrobel J, Yu Y, Ruan X, Hayashizaki Y, Harrow J, Gerstein M, Hubbard T, Reymond A, Antonarakis SE, Hannon G, Giddings MC, Ruan Y, Wold B, Carninci P, Guigô R, Gingeras TR. Landscape of transcription in human cells. Nature. 2012 Sep 6:489(7414): 101-8.

10. Впервые я употребила это описание в своем посте на Huffington Post , рассуждая о проекте ENCODE. Оно мне настолько понравилось, что я решила использовать его и здесь. Вот ссылка на блог: http://www. huffingtonpost.com/nessa-carey/the-value-of-encode_b_1909153.html.

11. Хороший пример такой фотографии: http://blog.art21.org/2009/03/06/on-representations-of-the-artist-at-work-part-2/#.UyDZjZZFDIU.

12. Ward LD, Kellis M. Evidence of abundant purifying selection in humans for recently acquired regulatory functions. Science. 2012 Sep 28:337(6102): 1675-8.

13. Ecker JR, Bickmore WA, Barroso I, Pritchard JK, Gilad Y, Segal E. Genomics: ENCODE explained. Nature. 2012 Sep 6;489(7414).

14. Потрясающий пример межпоколенческого эпигенетического наследования с передачей реакции страха от родителя к детенышам изложен в: Dias BG, Ressler KJ. Parental olfactory experience influences behavior and neural structure in subsequent generations. Nat Neurosci. 2014 Jan; 17(1):89—96.

15. Graur D, Zheng Y, Price N, Azevedo KB, Zufall RA, Elhaik E. On the immortality of television sets: «function» in the human genome according to the evolution-free gospel of ENCODE. Genome Biol Evol. 2013;5(3):578-90.

1. http://womenshistory.about.eom/od/mythsofwomenshistory/a/Did-Anne-Boleyn-Really-Have-Six-Fingers-On-One-Hand.htm.

2. Lettice LA, Heaney SJ, Purdie LA, Li L, de Beer P, Oostra BA, Goode D, Elgar G, Hill RE, de Graaff E. A long-range Shh enhancer regulates expression in the developing limb and fin and is associated with preaxial polydactyly. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Jul 15;12(14): 1725-35.

3. www.hemingwayhome.com/cats.

4. Lettice LA, Hill AE, Devenney PS, Hill RE. Point mutations in a distant sonic hedgehog cis-regulator generate a variable regulatory output responsible for preaxial polydactyly. Hum Mol Genet. 2008 Apr 1;17(7):978-85.

5. Подробнее см. в: http://www.genome.gov/12512735.

6. Jeong Y, Leskow PC, El-Jaick K, Roessler E, Muenke M, Yocum A, Du bourg C, Li X, Geng X, Oliver G, Epstein DJ. Regulation of a remote Shh forebrain enhancer by the Six3 homeoprotein. Nat Genet. 2008 Nov; 40(ll):1348-53.

7. Подробнее см. в: http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/gard/10874/pancreatic-agenesis/resources/1.

8. Lan go Allen H, Flanagan SE, Shaw-Smith C, De Franco E, Akerman I, Caswell R; International Pancreatic Agenesis Consortium, Ferrer J, Hattersley AT, Ellard S. GATA6 haploinsufficiency causes pancreatic agenesis in humans. Nat Genet . 2011 Dec 11;44(1):20-2.

9. SellickGS, BarkerKT,Stolte-DijkstraI,FleischmannC,Coleman RJ, Garrett C, Gloyn AL, Edghill EL, Hattersley AT, Wellauer PK, Goodwin G, Houlston RS. Mutations in PTF1A cause pancreatic and cerebellar agenesis. Nat Genet. 2004 Dec; 36(12):1301-5.

10. Weedon MN, Cebola I, Patch AM, Flanagan SE, De Franco E, Caswell R, Rodriguez-Segui SA, Shaw-Smith C, Cho CH, Lango Allen H, Houghton JA, Roth CL, Chen R, Hussain K, Marsh P, Vallier L, Murray A; International Pancreatic Agenesis Consortium, Ellard S, Ferrer J, Hattersley AT. Recessive mutations in a distal PTF1A enhancer cause isolated pancreatic agenesis. Nat Genet. 2014 Jan; 46(1):61 —4.

11. Обзор на эту тему: Sturm RA. Molecular genetics of human pigmentation diversity. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Apr 15;18(R1):R9-17.

12. Durham-Pierre D, Gardner JM, Nakatsu Y, King RA, Francke U, Ching A, Aquaron R, del Marmol V, Brilliant MH. African origin of an intragenic deletion of the human P gene in tyrosinase positive oculoeutane^-ous albinism. Nat Genet. 1994 Jun; 7(2): 176—9.

13. Visser M, Kayser M, Palstra RJ. HERC2 rsl2913832 modulates human pigmentation by attenuating chromatin-loop formation between a long-range enhancer and the OCA2 promoter. Genome Res. 2012 Mar; 22(3):446 455.

14. Наиболее современный каталог см. в: www.genome.gov/gwas-tudies.