Тим Харфорд - 50 изобретений

James Poterba, ‘Annuities in Early Modern Europe’, in William N. Goetzmann and K. Geert Rouwenhorst, The Origins of Value (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005).

Исследование хорошо подытожено Робертом Смитом из NPR: http://www.npr.org/2016/09/09/493228710/what-keeps-poor-farmers-poor, оригинал см. Dean Karlan, Robert Osei, Isaac Osei-Akoto and Christopher Udry, ‘Agricultural Decisions After Relaxing Credit and Risk Constraints’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2014, рр. 597–652. doi:10.1093/qje/qju002.

Kay, р. 120.

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/life-expectancy-globally-since-1770.

http://charleskenny.blogs.com/weblog/2009/06/the-success-of-development.html.

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-population-in-extreme-poverty-absolute?%2Flatest=undefined&stackMode=relative.

На русском языке опубликован фрагмент книги: Кан Г., Винер Э. Год 2000 // В кн.: Мир нашего завтра: Антология/ Сост. И. Бестужев-Лада. М.: Эксмо, Алгоритм-Книга, 2003. Прим. ред.

Herman Kahn and Anthony J. Wiener, The Year 2000. A Framework for Speculation on the Next Thirty-Three Years (New York: Macmillan, 1967); Douglas Martin, ‘Anthony J. Wiener, Forecaster of the Future, Is Dead at 81’, New York Times, 26 June 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/27/us/anthony-j-wiener-forecaster-of-the-future-is-dead-at-81.html.

См., например, http://news.mit.edu/2015/mit-report-benefits-investment-basic-research-0427; https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/randd-share-for-basic-research-in-china-dwindles/7726.article; http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/10/european-scientists-ask-governments-boost-basic-research.

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/12/how-do-we-stop-tech-being-turned-into-weapons.

Olivia Solon, ‘Self-driving trucks: what’s the future for America’s 3.5 mil-lion truckers?’, The Guardian, 17 June 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jun/17/self-driving-trucks-impact-on-drivers-jobs-us.

http://mashable.com/2006/07/11/myspace-americas-number-one/#nseApOVC85q9.

http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/myspace.com, доступ 20 January 2017.

QWERTY — наиболее популярная латинская раскладка клавиатуры, используемая для английского языка. Название образовано от шести левых символов верхнего ряда. Прим. ред.

Аргументы в пользу того, что QWERTY — хорошая раскладка, а не пример технологического замыкания, см. в Stan Liebowitz and Stephen Margolis, ‘The Fable of the Keys’, The Journal of Law and Economics, April 1990.

William D. Nordhaus, ‘Do real-output and real-wage measures capture reality? The history of lighting suggests not’ в Timothy F. Bresnahan and Robert J. Gordon (eds), The Economics of New Goods (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), рр. 27–70; другие описания вычислений Нордхауса см. в Tim Harford, The Logic of Life (London: Little Brown, 2008), Steven Johnson, How We Got To Now (London: Particular Books, 2014) и David Kestenbaum, ‘The History of Light, in 6 Minutes and 47 Seconds’, NPR: All Things Considered, 2 May 2014, http://www.npr.org/2014/05/02/309040279/in-4-000-years-one-thing-hasnt-changed-it-takes-time-to-buy-light.

Прекрасная отправная точка для таких вычислений — сайт Measuring Worth, www.measuringworth.com. Точку зрения Тимоти Тейлора см. в NPR’s Planet Money, 12 October 2010, http://www.npr.org/sections/money/2010/10/12/130512149/the-tuesday-podcast-would-you-rather-be-middle-class-now-or-rich-in-1900.

Marshall B. Davidson, ‘Early American Lighting’, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, New Series, 3(1), Summer 1944, рр. 30–40.

Steven Johnson, How We Got To Now (London: Particular Books, 2014), р. 165; Davidson, Marshall B. Davidson, ‘Early American Lighting’, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, New Series, 3(1), Summer 1944, рр. 30–40.

Jane Brox, Brilliant: The Evolution of Artificial Light (London: Souvenir Press, 2011).

Haitz’s law: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitz%27s_law.

Brox, р. 117; см. также Robert J. Gordon, The Rise and Fall of American Growth (Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2016), chapter 4.