Андрей Солдатов - The Red Web - The Struggle Between Russia's Digital Dictators and the New Online Revolutionaries

BENJAMIN C. BRADLEE was for nearly thirty years the charismatic editorial leader of The Washington Post. It was Ben who gave the Post the range and courage to pursue such historic issues as Watergate. He supported his reporters with a tenacity that made them fearless and it is no accident that so many became authors of influential, best-selling books.

ROBERT L. BERNSTEIN, the chief executive of Random House for more than a quarter century, guided one of the nation’s premier publishing houses. Bob was personally responsible for many books of political dissent and argument that challenged tyranny around the globe. He is also the founder and longtime chair of Human Rights Watch, one of the most respected human rights organizations in the world.

For fifty years, the banner of Public Affairs Press was carried by its owner Morris B. Schnapper, who published Gandhi, Nasser, Toynbee, Truman, and about 1,500 other authors. In 1983, Schnapper was described by The Washington Post as “a redoubtable gadfly.” His legacy will endure in the books to come.

Abramovich, Roman, 86

Academy of Sciences Computation Center, 20–23

acoustic laboratory, 5–7, 178–180

The Acoustic Theory of Speech Production (Fant), 180

Adagamov, Rustem, 117

Afanasyev, Alexey, 198–199

Afghanistan, 18, 34

Agence France-Press, 57

Agency of Strategic Initiatives, 300

Agentura.ru, 71, 107, 151, 162

airport, 202–203, 206–208

Aistova, Katarina, 281, 283

Akunin, Boris, 146, 158

Alexandrov, Anatoly, 27

algorithms, 114–115, 172

All-Russia People’s Front, 294–295, 300–301

Alperovitch, Dmitri, 320, 323

America, 75, 181, 187, 333–334

Boston marathon bombing in, 245–247

cyber weapons from, 228

Electronic Frontier Foundation in, 216–217

FAPSI and, 224–225

human rights in, 206–207

Internet and, 223, 238, 294–295

Krutskikh and, 227–228

on Maidan uprising, 283–287

Obama of, 237, 246, 283, 323, 326

presidential election in, 311, 317–319, 327–331, 335–337

against Russian proposals, 234–236

SORM and, 244–245

surveillance in, 78, 180, 202, 213

See also Snowden, Edward

Amnesty International, 205–208

Andropov, Yuri, 14–15, 22, 78, 90

Anonymous, 218

Anonymous International, 283

Antonov, Polina, 39, 47

Antonov, Vadim, 38, 47

Arab Spring, 123–125, 231

arrests, 157–158, 333–335

of Gusinsky, 101–102

of Navalny, A., 141–142, 146, 164–165, 272–273

after parliamentary election fraud, 141–142

Assange, Julian, 312–313, 315, 326

assassinations, 106, 263–264, 313–314, 339–340

attacks, 149, 150, 153, 279–280, 308

on TV Dozhd, 269–270

against Yandex, 295–296

Azar, Ilya, 139–140, 261

Bardin, Valery, 28, 30–31, 48–49, 53

coup attempt and, 36–40, 43

with Soldatov, Alexey, 36–38

Yeltsin and, 37–38

Barry, Ellen, 206–207

Beckstrom, Rod, 231

Ben Ali, Zine El Abidine, 123

Bereznitskaya-Bruni, Lena, 108, 263

Berezovsky, Boris, 62, 86–87

Berkut, 276–277

Berlin, East Germany, 82–83

black box, 66

See also System of Operative Search Measures

blacklists, 166–167, 198, 263

circumvention tools for, 265–269

DPI and, 168–169

filtering and, 195–196

Ksenzov and, 200–201

Nossik and, 172, 264–265

blocking

of Navalny, A., 261–262, 267

of Roskomnadzor, 268–269

blogs, 101, 109, 116–117, 149

legislation against, 215

of Navalny, A., 120, 136

Semantic Archive team on, 127–128

Blumenthal, Sidney, 330, 336–337

Bolotnaya Square, 144–147, 157

before inauguration, 163–165

bombings, 85, 245–247, 252–253

Borogan, Irina, 13–14, 35–36

as journalist, 60–61, 247–248

Bortnikov, Alexander, 123–124

Boston marathon bombing, 245–247

botnets, 150

Brazil, 237–238

Breedlove, Philip, 323

Brezhnev, Leonid, 10

Bulgak, Vladimir, 43, 51–52, 74

international telecommunications and, 46–47

Kudryavtsev compared to, 46

Ryzhkov, N., and, 46–47

Yeltsin with, 40–42

Buravlyov, Sergei, 324–325, 334

Burkov, Dmitry, 31

BuzzFeed, 272

Bykov, Andrei, 75–78

cameras, 58, 147, 175–176, 247–248

Cameron, David, 246–247

Canada, 239

Cancer Ward (Solzhenitsyn), 26

Carlson, Chester, 8

CBMs. See confidence building measures

CEKO-2, 82

cell phones, 74, 204, 237, 255

censorship, 11–15, 340

photocopying machine and, 9–10

Relcom and, 38–40

Center of Civil Liberties, 276

Central Committee, 18–19, 22, 78, 90

Central Research Institute of the Communications Ministry, 71–72

Cerf, Vint, 233

Cheburashka, 302

Chechen, 85, 107–108, 225, 245–247

Chernobyl nuclear accident, 34

China, 320–321, 341

Chisinau, Moldova, 9–10

Chuchupal, Vladimir, 183, 186

circumvention tools, 265–269

Citizen Lab, 239–242

Cityline, 62

Clinton, Bill, 229

Clinton, Hillary, 317–319, 327–328, 330

conspiracy theories about, 336–337

CNN, 39, 216

Colombia, 188–189

communications, 253–254

Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (1994), 71

Communist Party, 13

compromising materials ( kompromat ), 61–62, 70, 154, 321, 323

computer chip manufacturing, 27

Computerland USSR, 23

Computerra , 66

computers, 20–23, 27–28

confidence building measures (CBMs), 324

conspiracy, 259–260

conspiracy theories, 336–337

control points, 81–82

controllers, 79–81

cooperative, 28–29

corruption, 62, 120, 254, 313, 316–317

“cosmopolitanism,” 5

Cossacks, 255

coup attempt, 30–35, 41, 45

Bardin and, 36–40, 43

Relcom in, 38–40, 42–43

credit cards, 65–66

crime reporting, 60–61

Crimea, 303, 308, 311

criminals, 184–185

crowdfunding, 157

CrowdStrike, 320, 323, 326

cryptology, 65–66

cyber weapons, 228

CyberBerkut, 321–322

cybercrime, 333–335

Cyberguards of the Safe Internet League, 201

Dagestan, 253–254

Dalai Lama, 240

Dalsvyaz, 181–182

Daniel, Michael, 324–325

DAS. See Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad

Davydov, Anatoly, 305–307

Davydova, Svetlana, 305–307

DDOS. See distributed denial of service

deaths, 307–308

assassinations, 106, 263–264, 313–314, 339–340

debates, 97–98, 171

Decree No. 3, 40

deep packet inspection (DPI), 168–170, 190–191, 212, 241

Deibert, Ron, 239, 250

democracy, 113, 135–136

Democratic National Committee (DNC), 318–320, 322–323, 325–326, 328

demonstrations, 124–125

See also protests

Demos (dialogue united mobile operating system), 28–30, 40, 47–48

denial-of-service attack, 279–280

Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad (DAS), 188–189

Department of Operative-Technical Measures (DOTM), 289

dialogue united mobile operating system (Demos), 28–30, 40, 47–48

digital sovereignty, 209–210

of nations, 233–237