Simon Montefiore - Stalin

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Stalin: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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This widely acclaimed biography provides a vivid and riveting account of Stalin and his courtiers—killers, fanatics, women, and children—during the terrifying decades of his supreme power. In a seamless meshing of exhaustive research and narrative plan, Simon Sebag Montefiore gives us the everyday details of a monstrous life.
We see Stalin playing his deadly game of power and paranoia at debauched dinners at Black Sea villas and in the apartments of the Kremlin. We witness first-hand how the dictator and his magnates carried out the Great Terror and the war against the Nazis, and how their families lived in this secret world of fear, betrayal, murder, and sexual degeneracy. Montefiore gives an unprecedented understanding of Stalin’s dictatorship, and a Stalin as human and complicated as he is brutal.
Fifty years after his death, Stalin remains one of the creators of our world. The scale of his crimes has made him, along with Hitler, the very personification of evil. Yet while we know much about Hitler, Stalin and his regime remain mysterious. Now, in this enthralling history of Stalin’s imperial court, the fear and betrayal, privilege and debauchery, family life and murderous brutality are brought blazingly to life.
Who was the boy from Georgia who rose to rule the Empire of the Tsars? Who were his Himmler, Göring, Goebbels? How did these grandees rule? How did the “top ten” families live? Exploring every aspect of this supreme politician, from his doomed marriage and mistresses, and his obsession with film, music and literature, to his identification with the Tsars, Simon Sebag Montefiore unveils a less enigmatic, more intimate Stalin, no less brutal but more human, and always astonishing.
Stalin organised the deadly but informal game of power amongst his courtiers at dinners, dances, and singsongs at Black Sea villas and Kremlin apartments: a secret, but strangely cosy world with a dynamic, colourful cast of killers, fanatics, degenerates and adventurers. From the murderous bisexual dwarf Yezhov to the depraved but gifted Beria, each had their role: during the second world war, Stalin played the statesman with Churchill and Roosevelt aided by Molotov while, with Marshal Zhukov, he became the triumphant warlord. They lived on ice, killing others to stay alive, sleeping with pistols under their pillows; their wives murdered on Stalin’s whim, their children living by a code of lies. Yet they kept their quasi-religious faith in the Bolshevism that justified so much death.
Based on a wealth of new materials from Stalin’s archives, freshly opened in 2000, interviews with witnesses and massive research from Moscow to the Black Sea, this is a sensitive but damning portrait of the Genghis Khan of our epoch. * * *

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This is mainly based on interviews with: Vyacheslav Nikonov, Natalya Andreyeva, Joseph Minervin, Stas Namin, Martha Peshkova, Julia Khrushcheva, Sergo and Stepan Mikoyan, Nina Budyonny, Igor and Volya Malenkov, Yury Zhdanov, Leonid Redens, Vladimir Alliluyev (Redens), Kira Alliluyeva. Beria’s fall: Mikoyan’s Tak bylo , pp. 584–8 (fleas in my trousers), and the familiar account in Khrushchev Remembers . Also Amy Knight’s Beria ; for Beria’s death, towel in mouth, see Michael Parrish, The Lesser Terror , and for acid bath, see Vlast, vol. 22, 2000, pp. 46–7. Beria’s death and 1957 Plenum/ “Nuremberg”: W. Taubman, Khrushchev, Man and Era, pp. 256, 321–4. See also Svetlana Alliluyeva’s Only One Year and Twenty Letters ; Medvedev’s All Stalin’s Men ; Khrushchev, quoted as “up to elbows in blood” by Shapoval, Taubman’s Khrushchev , p. 41. Dream: quoted in Molotov Letters , p. 1.

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L. P. BERIA

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W. S. CHURCHILL

Churchill, Winston S., Second World War, London 1951

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Dmitrov, Georgi (ed. Ivo Banac), The Diary of Georgi Dmitrov 1933–49, New Haven, CT 2003

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Gaulle, Charles de, Memoires de Guerre, Paris 1959

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Gnedin, E. A., Katastrofa i vtoroe rozhdenie, Amsterdam 1997

Gromyko, Andrei, Memoirs, London 1989

Gromyko, Andrei, Pamyatnoye, Moscow 1990

Grossman, Vasily, Life and Fate, London 1985

Grossman, Vasily, “Mama,” Znamya, vol. 5, 1989

Guinzburg, S. Z., O proshlom, dlya budushchego, Moscow 1984

Gunther, John, Inside Russia Today, New York 1962

Harriman, Averell W., and Elie Abel, Special Envoy to Churchill and Stalin, 1941–6, New York 1975

Hilger, Gustav, and Alfred Mayer, Incompatible Allies: A Memoir History of German– Soviet Relations 1918–41, New York 1953

Hoxha, Enver (ed. Jon Halliday), Artful Albanian: The Memoirs of Enver Hoxha, London 1986

Iskander, Fasil, Sandro of Chegem , London 1979

L. M. KAGANOVICH

Kaganovich, L. M., (ed. Felix Chuev), Tak Govoril Kaganovich, Moscow 1992

Kaganovich, L. M., Pamiatniye Zapiski, Moscow 1997

Kamov, B., “Smert Nikolaia Yezhova,” Iunost , no. 8, 1993

Kavtaradze, Sergo, Memoirs , unpublished

Kavtaradze, Sergo, Interview, Literaturnaya Rossiya , no. 12, 1989

Kennan, George, Memoirs , Boston 1967

N. S. KHRUSHCHEV

Khrushchev, N. S. (eds. Jerrold Schecter and Vyacheslav Luchkov), Khrushchev Remembers: The Glasnost Tapes , New York 1990

Khrushchev, N. S., Khrushchev Remembers, London 1971/London 1974

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Khrushchev, Sergei, Nikita Khrushchev and the Creation of a Superpower , Pennsylvania 2001

Koniev, I. S., Sorok pyatyi, Moscow 1966

Koniev, I. S., Zapiski komanduyushchego frontom, Moscow 1991

Kopelev, Lev, No Jail for Thought , London 1977

Krivitsky, Walter, I Was Stalin’s Agent , London 1940

Kravchenko, Victor, I Chose Freedom , New York 1946

Krementsov, Nikolai, Stalinist Science , Princeton, NJ 1997

Kuznetsov, N. G., “Memoirs,” Voprosy Istorii , no. 4–5, 1965

Larina, Anna, This I Cannot Forget: The Memoirs of Nikolai Bukharin’s Widow , London 1993

Lunghi, Hugh, Minutes of Meeting Between Generalissimo JV Stalin and Admiral Mountbatten at Babelsberg , Germany , 25 July 1945 at 12:45 hours , unpublished

Lunghi, Hugh, Tribute to Sir Winston Churchill at Churchill Memorial Concert , Blenheim Palace, 1 March 1997

Lunghi, Hugh, Meeting Stalin , European Service, General News Talk, BBC, 1 March 1963

Maisky, Ivan, Memoirs of a Soviet Ambassador , London 1967

Malenkov, Andrei, O moem otse Georgie Malenkove, Moscow 1992

Malyshev, V. A., Notes, Istochnik, 1997, no. 5.

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