Коллектив авторов - Африка. История и историки

Frank Chikane’s «Eight Days in September» (Johannesburg, 2012) tells the story, by the Director-General of the Presidency under Mbeki, of Mbeki’s ouster by his own party in 2008 in detail.

Holden P . Te Arms Deal in Your Pocket. Johannesburg, 2008; Holden P., Van Vuuren H . Te Devil in the Detail. Johannesburg, 2011.

Plaut M., Holden P . Who Rules South Africa? Pulling the Strings in the Battle for Power. Johannesburg, 2012.

Tere are now a dozen biographies of Nelson Mandela, while more than twenty of his close colleagues have written memoirs. Mandela’s «Long Walk to Freedom» (London, 1994) was preceded by the autobiography of Albert Luthuli (1962) and, for example, Ronald Kasrils’ «Armed and Dangerous: my undercover struggle against apartheid» (Oxford, 1993), and was followed by many others, including those by Rusty Bernstein, Ahmad Kathrada, Jean Middleton, Jay Naidoo, James Ngculu, Archie Sibeko, Ray Simons, Raymond Suttner and Ben Turok. Among the many biographies of leading fgures in the ANC are those of Peter Brown (Michael Cardo), Albert Luthuli (Scott Couper), Mac Maharaj (Padraig McNally), Trevor Manuel (Pippa Green), Tabo Mbeki (Mark Gevisser), Cyril Ramaphosa (Anthony Butler), Walter and Albertina Sisulu (Eleanor Sisulu), O. R. Tambo (Luli Callinicos), Desmond Tutu (John Allen), Alfred Xuma (Steven Gish) and Jacob Zuma (Jeremy Gordin).

Bonner P. Fragmentation and Cohesion in the ANC, the First 70 Years (paper presented at Wits University, September 2011). URL: http://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/fles/Philip_Bonner_Paper.pdf

Especially see: Trewhela P . Inside Quatro, Uncovering the Exile History of the ANC and SWAPO. Auckland Park, 2009.

Suttner R . Te African National Congress Centenary: a long and difcult journey // International Afairs. 2012. Vol. 88. No. 4. P. 719–738.

Dubow S . Te African National Congress. Jeppestown, 2000. P. XI. For a recent short survey see: Suttner R . Op. cit.

See: www.anc.org.za (accessed November 2012). It begins: «Our struggle for freedom has a long history. It goes back to the days when the African people fought spear in hand against the British and Boer colonisers». It then has a section entitled «the African kingdoms are defeated 1860s – 1900», before it reaches «Te ANC is formed – 1912». Ten follow sections entitled «Working for a Wage»; «Te ANC Gains New Life – 1940s»; «A Mass Movement is Born – 1950»; «Te Armed Struggle Begins – 1960s»; «Workers and Students Fight Back – 1970s»; «Te Struggle for People`s Power – 1980s»; and, fnally, «Te ANC is Unbanned». Te last two sentences of this brief history merely read as follows: «On the 10th of May 1994 Nelson Mandela was inaugurated as the President of South Africa. Te ANC has been in power ever since».

On negative aspects see esp.: Trewhela P . Op. cit. For the argument that the ANC was behind the internal resistance of the 1980s see especially: Mbeki G . Sunset at Midday. Braamfontein, 1996.

Dubow S . Op. cit. P. XIV.

Cf.: Bonner P . Op. cit.

Père et mère (litt), parents.

Du travail et non des discours.

Européen, étranger.

Indien ou Pakistanais.

État, administration.

Grand meeting.

Collectivité locale autogérée et autoadministrée.

Assise géographique du fokonolona.

Madagascar: Vers un agenda de relance économique / Banque Mondiale. Juin 2010. P. 23–24. URL: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTMADAGASCAR/Resources/PolicyNotesJune2010.pdf

Gastineau B., Guibert F., Robilliard A-S., Roubaud F. Madagascar face au déf des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement. Marseille, 2010.

Diop C. A. Afrique Noire Pré-Coloniale. Etude Comparée des systèmes politiques et sociaux de l’Europe et de l’Afrtique Noire de l’Antiquité à la formation des États modernes. Paris, 1960.

См. Урсу Д. П. Современная историография Тропической Африки. 1960–1980. М., 1983. С. 128.

Ki-Zerbo J. Histoire de l’ Afrique Noire. D’hier à demain. Paris, 1972.

Preparation of General History of Africa. Paris, 1975. P. 3.

Preparation of General History of Africa. Paris, 1975. P. 35–38.

Members of the International Scientifc Committee for the Drafing of a General History of Africa // General History of Africa. 1981. Vol. 2. Berkeley (CA). P. 738–739.

Members of the International Scientifc Committee for the Drafing of a General History of Africa // General History… 1993. Vol. 8. P. 935–936.

Preparation… P. 39.

Ки-Зербо Ж . Вторжение на континент. Африка, отнятая у африканцев // Говорят африканские историки / под ред. В. А. Субботина. М., 1977. С. 22–63.

Аджайи Дж. Ф. А . Обзор культурных и политических регионов Африки в начале XIX в. // Там же. С. 3–22; Огот Б . А. Кения под британским господством. 1895–1963 гг. // Там же. С. 87–113.

См.: Кочакова Н. Б . Историки-африканцы в английских колониях Западной Африки в XIX в. Национальные историографии Нигерии и Ганы // Историческая наука в странах Африки / под ред. А. Б. Давидсона. М. 1979. С. 133–138.

Овчинников В. Е., Филатова И. И., Балезин А. С. Становление исторической науки в странах Восточной Африки // Там же. С. 171–195.

Овчинников В. Е., Филатова И. И., Балезин А. С. Становление исторической науки в странах Восточной Африки // Там же. С. 197–199. См. также: Урсу Д. П . Указ. соч. С. 154–155.

Потехина Г. И . Очерки современной литературы Западной Африки. М., 1968. С. 99.

[Ниань Дж. Т.]. Сундьята: Мандингский эпос / пер. В. Капраловой и А. Ольдерогге. М.; Л., 1963.

Потехина Г. И . Указ. соч. С. 103.