Bertrand Russell: Why Men Fight

educational reformers 103

elementary education 97, 102

Elizabethan England, Elizabethan 85

employment see work endowments 130

England:

and America 26, 65;

Balance of Power doctrine 61;

Elizabethan 85;

as free State 26;

and Germany 49–51, 73;

inheritance rights 80;

Ireland, oppression of (B.R.’s views) 64;

marriage law 109, 111;

and nationalism 34;

Pax Britannica 60;

political liberty of 49;

population of 115;

Puritanism in 152;

and worship of money 71, 73

enjoyment 57, 70

envy 49–51

Epicureanism 157

eugenics 120

Europe 61, 149

“Eve’s Ransom” (Gissing) 69

examination system 104

families, limitation of:

economic considerations 73, 74, 113, 119, 120, 125;

among intelligent persons 116–17;

and late marriage 72

fear 31, 36–37, 106–7

federation of States 39

feudal period 78–79

force:

external 36;

and law 25–26;

law substituted for 38;

by police, versus war 47

foreigners 25, 27, 29, 32

foreign invasion, perennial risk of 31

Foreign Secretaries 37

foresight, and impulses 4–5

France:

as civilized nation 49;

democracy in 147;

French language 16;

French Revolution 31, 61, 147;

inheritance rights 72, 80;

population of 114–15;

and worship of money 72–73

freedom 14, 15;

of thought, suppressing 98–99

Free Trade policy 73

free will 103

Freudian theory, impulses xi

General Councils, fallibility of 14

George Allen & Unwin Limited xiv

Germany:

comparative wealth 48–49;

and England 49–51, 73;

envy of rulers 49–51;

impulse of resistance to 8;

militarism of 52;

nationalism/patriotism of 16, 48;

religion 73–74;

and science 58;

vital energy, misuse of 149;

“wickedness” of Germans 2;

and worship of money 73

gipsies 41

Gissing, George R. 69

Godwin, William xvi

“good form” 97, 98

Gospels 132, 133

Governments:

ambitions of 2;

personal bias of 37–38

Great War (World War I):

and impulses 8;

inadequate views of, B.R. on 2;

losses in ix;

mood of parties participating in 50–52;

Somme offensive (1916) xii–xiii;

unifying nature of 14

group membership 30

growth, principles of xv, 17, 150;

tree comparison 11–12;

unimpeded growth 20–21, 85

Guild Socialism xv

happiness:

activity, dependent upon 57;

and desires 47;

group membership 30;

in marriage 126;

and money 70, 74, 82

Hart, Bernard xi

Haynes, E. S. P. 110–11

head masters, conferences of 37

hegemony 61, 62, 121

heretics 14

heroism 67

Hibbert Journal xv

Hicks, G. Dawes xv, xvi

higher education 102

history, teaching of 95

hope 107

hostility 2, 9–10, 101

House of Lords 112

human nature 2–3, 21, 22

humiliation 51

humility, of educator 94

husband, authority of 121–22

hypocrisy 73, 112

immorality 112

imperialism 8, 52

impulses x, xv, 2–12;

activities,

towards 4, 6, 46;

aggression and resistance to aggression 8–9;

creative 150–51, 153, 154;

and desires 3–4, 6, 11, 152–53;

lack of, as death 9;

modification of 7–8;

and punishment 22;

and religion 134;

restraint of 5;

sacrifice, towards 33;

strength of 5, 7, 22;

towards war 48, 56, 57, 159;

and will 155

independence 36;

of thought 105

India 60–61

individualism/individuality 25, 33, 123, 124

industrial action 37–38, 47

industrialism 7, 23, 73, 74, 90

industrial systems, judging 74–75

infectious diseases, prevention of 40

inheritance 80

initiative 35, 43, 87

injustice 10, 40, 41–42, 78

Innocent III 129

instinct, life of:

and animal nature 134;

harmony with mind and spirit 135–37;

importance of 138–39;

and love 143;

unrefined 140

instinctive cycles 137

instinctive liking see liking, instinctive

institutions 22–23;

and authority 10, 13, 17;

creativeness of 153;

as hindrance to growth 12, 17;

political 12, 19, 85;

and private property 24;

religious 13;

social 11;

and State 24;

war as permanent institution 46–68

integration 151–52

intelligence, and limitation of families 116–18

international affairs, regulation 47

The International Journal of Ethics xv

International Workers of the World 31

intrinsic wealth 48

James, William x–xi, 58

journalism 150

joy of life 10

Judaism 33

justice:

claims of 83;

and education 92;

and labour movement 82;

as object of civilization 39;

and remedying of injustice 41;

and socialism 81;

see also injustice

Kemp, Reginald 28n

King’s Proctor 109–10

knowledge 128, 134

labour disputes 37–38, 47

labour movement 82–83, 84

Lafayette 147

land, private ownership 41, 42;

lack of justification for 78, 79

law:

artificial injustice 78;

marriage 109, 111, 112, 120, 126–27;

and State 25–26, 38

Lawrence, D. H. xi–xii

Liberalism ix, x, 1

liberty 14, 36, 42, 43, 62;

and education 92, 93;

interference with 40, 61;

“liberties of Europe” 61;

and marriage 123, 127;

mutual 123;

political 49;

principle of 148

life:

and impulse 7, 9, 10;

philosophies of 159–60;

unity of 149–50, 156

liking, instinctive:

and common purpose 17–18;

for compatriots 20, 32;

and human nature 21;

and marriage 19

Liszt, F. 73

literacy 40–41

Liverpool 64

Llewelyn Smith, H. 77

Lloyd George, David 44

local government 43

London 77

love 10;

for children 144–45;

disappointment in 151;

man and woman 124, 142, 143, 154;

religious 139

luxuries 76

Macbeth 5

malevolence 21

Malthus, T. 118

Manchester Ship Canal 64

marriage 19–20, 108–27;

and law 109, 111, 112, 120, 126–27;

new form 123;

past ideal of 121–22;

as political institution 108–9;

possessiveness of 154;

postponement of 71, 72

Marriage and Morals xvi

The Masses (American socialist periodical) xv

material goods, religion of 70

maternal instincts, lack of 113, 114, 119

mediaeval period 13, 14

men and women, conflict between 17

Middle Ages 13, 31, 129

middle-classes, dwindling nature of 115

militarism 52, 53, 59, 87

military service, universal 26–27

Military Service Act 15n

Mill, John Stuart ix, 147

mind, life of 133, 140–41, 144;

harmony with instinct and spirit 135–37, 139;

and knowledge 134

minimum, universal, attainment of 40

misanthropy, of Carlyle 18, 19, 21

money, worship of 59, 69–74;

and education 94, 104

money lending 78

monogamy 126

monopolies 41

Montessori education system 91, 100n, 102

“The Moral Equivalent of War” (James) x, 58

morality 120, 126;

and religion 131

Morrell, Lady Ottoline xi

Muirhead, J. H. xvi

Napoleon 16

nationalism xiii, 68;

and creeds, disbelief in 30;

dangers of 15–17;

and socialism 34;

see also patriotism

national pride 33, 50–51

nations: