Лестер Браун - Как избежать климатических катастроф?: План Б 4.0 - спасение цивилизации

Nic Lane, Issues Affecting Tidal, Wave, and In-Stream Generation Projects (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 26 November 2008).

IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008 (Paris: 2008), p. 165; IEA, Member Countries and Countries Beyond the OECD , электронная база данных — см.: www.iea.org/Textbase/country/index.asp, просмотрено 23 апреля 2009 г.; International Rivers Network, “Frequently Asked Question about Dams”, fact sheet (Berkley, CA: 2004).

“Rural Areas Get Increased Hydro Power Capacity”, Xinhua , 7 May 2007.

Jason Palmer, “Renewable Energy: The Tide is Turning”, New Scientist , 11 October 2008; European Commission, “Tidal Energy — Promising Sites Worldwide”, ATLAS project Web site — см.: ac.europa.eu/energy/atlas/ html/tidalsites.html, просмотрено автором 24 июня 2009 г.; ABS Energy Research, The Ocean Energy Report (London: 2009), pp. 13–23.

Choe Sang-Hun, “South Korea Seeks Cleaner Energy Sources”, International Herald Tribune , 9 May 2007; Choe Sang-Hun, “As Tides Ebb and Rise, South Korea Prepares to Snare Them”, International Herald Tribune , 31 May 2007; ABS Energy Research, op. cit. note 102, pp. 13–23; Lunar Energy, “British Firm Announces World’s Largest Tidal Power Development”, press release (East Yorkshire, U. K.: 11 March 2008); IEA, Implementing Agreement on Ocean Energy System (IEA-OES), 2008 Annual Report (Lisbon, Portugal: February 2009), p. 83.

Palmer, op. cit. note 102; Choe, “As Tides Ebb and Rise”, op. cit. note 103; ABS Energy Research, op. cit. note 102, pp. 13–23; “World Electricity Installed Capacity by Type (Million Kilowatts), January 1, 2006” — в публикации: DOE, op. cit. note 3.

“Issued Hydrokinetic Preliminary Permits”, table in Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, “Hydropower-Industry Activities” — см.: www. ferc.gov/industries/hydropower/indus-act/hydrokinetics.asp, обновлено 2 июля 2009 г.; Mike Hoover, Oceana Energy Company, письмо, отправленное по электронной почте Дж. Мэттью Роуни 30 июня 2009 г.

Robert Silgardo et al., Finavera Renewables Inc.: Where There is Wind There is a Wave (Toronto, ON: Dundee Securities Corporation, 18 June 2007); “Issued Hydrokinetic Projects Preliminary Permits”, op. cit. note 105; сведения о Сан-Франциско взяты из статьи: Tom Zeller, Jr., “Wave Power for San Francisco?” Green Inc., — см.: Nytimes.com , 27 February 2009.

Pelamis Wave Power, “Aguçadouira” — см.: www.pelamiswave.com, просмотрено 23 апреля 2009 г.; Mario de Queiroz, “Portugal: Waves of Energy Come Ashore”, Inter Press Service , 24 September 2008; “Wave Hub Names Fourth Developer for Wave Energy Farm”, Renewable Energy Access , 15 May 2007; European Commission, Report on the Workshop on Hydropower and Ocean Energy — Part I: Ocean Energy (Brussels: 13 June 2007), pp. 1, 3; IEA, op. cit. note 7; “Aquamarine to Develop 1 GW of Ocean Energy”, Renewable Energy World , 24 February 2009; данные о потенциале волн взяты из публикации: World Energy Council, 2007 Survey of Energy Resources (London: 2007), p. 544; “World Electricity Installed Capacity by Type (Million Kilowatts), January 1, 2006 — в публикации: DOE, op. cit. note 3.

REN21, Renewables Global Status Report: 2009 Update (Paris and Washington, DC: REN21 Secretariat and Worldwatch Institute, 2009), p. 23; Lila Buckley, “Hydropower in China: Participation and Energy Diversity Are Key”, China Watch (Washington, DC: Worldwatch Institute and Global Environmental Institute, 24 April 2007); “Rural Areas Get Increased Hydro Power Capacity”, op. cit, note 101; Pallavi Aiyar, “China: Another Dammed Gorge”, Asia Times , 3 June 2006; Gary Duffy, “Brazil Gives Amazon Dams Go-Ahead”, BBC News , 10 July 2007; Patrick McCully, Before the Deluge: Coping with Floods in a Changing Climate (Berklley, CA: International Rivers Network, 2007), pp. 22–23.

DOE, EIA, Annual Energy Outlook 2 009 (Washington, DC: March 2009), p. 74; National Hydropower Association, “NHA Applauds President Obama and Congress for Turning to Hydro in the Stimulus”, press release (Washington, DC: 19 February 2009).

Таблица 5–1 разработана Earth Policy Institute, цели, которые должны быть достигнуты к 2020 г. и которые упоминаются на протяжении этой главы, и показатели на 2008 г. рассчитаны на основании данных, приведенных в следующих источниках: данные о ветре из: GWEC, op. cit. note 10, p. 10; данные о монтируемых на крышах системах производства электричества за счет солнечных лучей и электростанциях, работающих на том же источнике энергии, взяты из публикаций EPIA, op. cit. note 10, p. 3 и Rutschmann, op. cit. note 64; данные о производстве электричества из биомассы и с помощью тепла и гидроэнергии, в том числе энергии приливов и волн, взяты из: REN21, op. cit. note 108, p. 23; данные о монтируемых на крышах работающих на солнечной энергии нагревателях воды и обогревателях помещений взяты из работы: Weiss, Bergmann, and Stelzer, op. cit. note 53, p. 21; данные о геотермальной энергии и ее использовании взяты из: Tester et al., op. cit. note 68, p. 9.

“Wind Can Power Up Entire Nation”, China Daily , 18 June 2009; Rujun Shen and Tom Miles, “China’s Wind-power Boom to Outpace Nuclear by 2020”, China Daily , 20 April 2009.

Table 5–2 by Earth Policy Institute with existing fossil fuel and nuclear capacity from “Existing Capacity by Energy Source, 2007,” and “Planned Nameplate Capacity Additions from New Generators, by Energy Source, 2008 through 2012,” in DOE, op. cit. note 51, p. 25, and from Shuster, op. cit. note 31; renewables based on data and growth rates from AWEA, EPIA, GEA, DOE, Navigant Consulting, NREL, USDA, and Electric Power Research Institute.

“Texas to Spend Billions on Wind Power Transmission Lines”, Environment News Service , 18 July 2008; Eileen O’Grady, “Texas Finalizes Plan to Expand Wind Lines”, Reuters , 29 January 2009; снабжение жителей электричеством рассчитано так, как это описано в примечании 2.

TransCanada, op. cit. note 2.

Scott DiSavino, “ITC Proposes Рroject to Move Wind Power to Chicago”, Reuters , 9 February 2009; ITC Holdings Corp., op. cit. note 2; DOE, “Locke, Chu Announce Significant Steps in Smart Grid Development”, press release (Washington, DC: 18 May 2009).