Viet Nguyen - Nothing Ever Dies - Vietnam and the Memory of War

Jin, Ha, 244

Johnson, Chalmers, 115–16

Jo Sung Mo, 151

Journey from the Fall (Tran), 233–34

Just forgetting: art in, 286–87; capitalism and, 285, 295–96; vs. forgetting, 279, 297; forgiveness and, 279–80, 286–95; gift giving in, 296–97; imagining utopia in, 285–86; just memory in, 297; path toward, 283; rarity of, 284; reconciliation and, 295–96; release of suffering for, 280–83; vs. unjust forgetting, 284

Just memory: description of, 17; ethics of recognition in, 19; importance of, 16–17; for just forgiveness, 297; methods of dealing with excessive memories in, 17–18; moral priority of, 68; prerequisites for, 283; requirements for, 18

Kant, Immanuel, 291

Karlin, Wayne, 119, 295

Kar Savuth, 85

Kennedy, John F., 125

Khieu Samphan, 299

Khmer Rouge, 254, 255, 268–69; Cambodian casualties of, 7; ethics of recognition and, 83–93; good vs. evil and, 95–96; humanity vs. inhumanity and, 97–100; as laughing matter, 93–94; length of regime of, 129; monuments to, 297–99; prosecution of, 289–90; vs. terrorists, 95

“Khong Khoc O California” (“Don’t Cry in California”; Thiep), 280

Kim, Kyung Hyun, 145

King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1–3, 50, 62, 153, 273, 291

Kingsolver, Barbara, 273

Kingston, Maxine Hong, 194–95, 225, 277

Kinnell, Galway, 213

Kipling, Rudyard, 251

Kissinger, Henry, 26

Korea: antiwar memories of, 139–49; criticism of United States by, 151; culture of, 132–33, 151–52; economy of, 130–31, 149–50, 151–52; film industry of, 144–49; number of Vietnam casualties from, 156; subimperial power of, 139, 152; U.S. patriotism and, 152–53; vs. Vietnam, 133–34; Vietnamese brides in, 143; Vietnamese people’s memories of, 150–51; Vietnam soldiers from, 136–55, 150–51; Vietnam War memorials in, 136–39; war machine of, 135–36

Korean immigrants, 130–32

Korean War: division of Korea and, 129; films about, 130; memorials to, 134–39, 152; memories of, 6; novels about, 141–43; number of casualties of, 129; South Koreans’ view of, 129–30; television shows about, 133

Korean War Memorial, 152

Koreatown, 130, 131–32, 153

Kubrick, Stanley, 179

Kundera, Milan, 10, 26, 94, 182

Kuras, Ellen, 292–93

Kuwait, 6, 51–52

Kwon, Heonik, 151

Lam, Andrew, 205

Land Mine Museum, 172

Language: in industrial memories, 15

Lao Hmong American War Memorial, 152

Lao People’s Army History Museum, 186

Laos: acknowledgment of conflict in, 7; apology for war atrocities by, 288; caves in, 186–87; commodification of war in, 15; extension of war into, 6; leader of, 44; memorials for, 152; movies about, 123; recognition of veterans in, 66–67; Vietnam’s presence in, 186; war casualties in, 7, 8, 156, 157; weapon displays of, 162–66

Larsen, Wendy Wilder, 209

Last Night I Dreamed of Peace (Tram), 212, 274–75

The Last Parallel (Russ), 130

The Latehomecomer (Yang), 237, 241–42, 245–46

Latino Americans, 153, 200, 219

Laughter, 93–94

Lê, An-My, 262–63, 266–67, 270

Lê, Dinh Q., 233, 268–69, 270

Le Duan, 24

Le Duc Tho, 26

Lê Minh Khuê, 119

Le, Nam, 201–2

le thi diem thuy, 194

Lee, Chang-Rae, 248–49, 250

Lessing, Doris, 286

Levinas, Emmanuel, 84, 95, 99, 227, 272

Lieux de memoire, 42

Life magazine, 101

Lighters, 177–78

Lincoln, Abraham, 24–25

Lin, Maya, 47, 52–53, 55, 66

Literature: about mourning the dead, 194; authenticity of, 210–11; collaboration and betrayal in, 211–13; education related to writing, 206–7; of ethnic minorities, 197–222; mourning the dead in, 194–98; mythical immigrant story in, 220–21; as part of war machine, 111; prizes for, 208, 209; purpose of, 253; of war, 30–32, 51, 61, 139–43. See also War stories

Little Saigon: citizens’ war memories in, 42–44; description of, 40–42

Living in Fear (film), 171–72

The Lotus and the Storm (Cao), 203, 212

“Love and Honor and Pity and Pride and Compassion and Sacrifice” (Le), 201–2

Love like Hate (Dinh), 215

Lucas, George, 109

MacArthur Foundation, 262

Mai Dich Martyrs Cemetery, 26–27

Majority people: in films and books about war, 56; genocide and, 92; minority myths of, 131; power of, 43, 60–61; as saviors in films, 124–25

Mang Satire, 87

Margalit, Avishai, 27, 55, 56, 59, 292

Marker, Chris, 302, 303

Marx, Karl, 107, 164, 294

Masculinity, 145

M*A*S*H (television series), 133

Mbembe, Achille, 158, 180

McCain, John, 173

McCarthy, Mary, 113

McGurl, Mark, 208

McNamara, Robert, 83

Media: in industrialization of war, 13–14; influence of authorities over, 11; Korean culture in, 132. See also specific media

Memory industry, 106, 175, 177–79

“Me So Horny” (2 Live Crew), 179–80

Mexican people, 59

Military History Museum, 163, 165

Military-industrial complex. See War machine

Mines, 25, 45, 172

Minority people: cultural sensitivity toward, 83; double consciousness of, 53–54; in films and books about war, 56; lack of power of, 43, 60–61; literature authored by, 197–222; majority’s myth about, 131; memorials to, 56; notable histories of, 200–201; power of, 196–97; riots involving, 130; as veterans of war, 44, 56–59; as victims, 196–97, 221; war on, 219; war stories by, 248–49

Mishra, Pankaj, 240

The Missing Picture (film), 86–88, 99–100

Moon, Seungsook, 136

Morrison, Toni, 65, 269

Moua, Mai Neng, 67, 68, 244–45

Movie industry: in commodification of war, 13–15

MTV Cribs (television show), 104

Museum of Contemporary Art, 165

Museum of the Boat People and the Republic of Vietnam, 39–40

Museum of the Revolution, 29–30

Museum of the Son My Massacre, 150

Musical scores, 117

Music videos, 151

My Lai massacre, 30, 141, 150, 177

Nabokov, Vladimir, 43

National Cemetery of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, 37

Native Americans, 200

Native Speaker (Lee), 248–49

Necropolitical regimes, 158–59, 180

Nerakhoon ( The Betrayal; film), 292–93

New Year Baby (film), 89

Ngo Dinh Diem, 105

Nguyen, Bich Minh, 213

Nguyen Cao Ky, 150

Nguyen, Hien Trong, 45

Nguyen Huy Thiep, 238–41, 280

Nguyen Ngoc Loan, 105

Nguyen Phu Cuong, 175

Nguyen, Phuong, 204

Nguyen Quang Sang, 119

Nguyen Qui Duc, 212

Nguyen Thi Hien, 185

Nguyen Van Lem, 105

Nguyen-Vo Thu-Huong, 194

Nhat Ky Dang Thuy Tram ( The Diary of Dang Thuy Tram; Tram), 274–75

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 17, 103

Night of the Living Dead (film), 174

Nora, Pierre, 42

North Korea, 129

Novel without a Name (Huong), 61

Nussbaum, Martha, 273, 275–76

Obama, Barack, 56–59

O’Brien, Tim, 116, 225–26, 229, 233, 244, 247, 248

O’Connor, Flannery, 207

Ode to My Father (film), 145, 148–49

Okinawa Prefectural Peace Museum, 260–61

O moi xom ( In Every Neighborhood; Sinh), 175, 177

Ondaatje, Michael, 276–77

Paco’s Story (Heinemann), 235–36

Page, Tim, 183

Palumbo-Liu, David, 211

Panama, 6

Panh, Rithy, 83, 84–88, 92–93, 97, 99–100, 255, 262

Papageorge, Tod, 231–32, 235, 263

Paradise of the Blind (Huong), 61

Paris Peace Accords, 26

Park, Jinim, 140

Peace movements, 265–66