Margaret Thatcher - The Path to Power

Minimum Lending Rate (MLR), 226, 230; see also interest rates

minorities, ethnic, 525, 539–40

Mitchell, Austin, 396

Mock, Alois, 342

Molotov-Ribbentrop pact (1939), 56

monetarism: Powell’s approach, 147; Conservative policies (1970s), 160, 219; Joseph’s approach, 244, 255–6, 318; MT’s Shadow Cabinet, 290, 301, 318; MT’s instincts, 568; present policy, 570

Monetarism is Not Enough , 318

money supply: expansion as response to unemployment, 141; MT’s CPC lecture, 149; growth (1972–73), 225–6; Joseph’s approach, 256; inflation, 299–300; IMF deal, 320

Montgomery, Fergus, 258, 267, 271

Morning Cloud , 261

Moro, Aldo, 346

Morrison, Peter, 273

mortgage: subsidy, 226, 227, 243, 245; rate, 226, 236, 243, 247, 249, 258; tax relief, 244, 245

Moscow, MT’s visit (1969), 154

Moss, Robert, 361

Moss, Stanley, 46

Mountbatten, Lord Louis, 55

Muggeridge, Malcolm, 309

Muldoon, Robert, 386–7

Mulley, Fred, 398

Munich Agreement (1938), 25, 26, 27

Munro, Hector, 325

Murray, Charles, 544, 549

museums, 179

Mussolini, Benito, 11, 24

Mutual Balanced Force Reduction (MBFR), 349–50

Nagasaki (1945), 53–4

Napoleon, 15

NASA, 154

Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 88

nation states, 522–7

National Assistance, 120, 121

National Association for Freedom (NAFF), 398–401

National Association of Head Teachers, 161

National Chamber of Trade, 287

National Coal Board (NCB), 143, 215–18, 228, 234–5

National Economic Development Council (NEDC), 126, 232, 311, 404

National Freight Authority, 143

National Freight Corporation, 574

National Front, 406

National Health Service (NHS): creation, 44; Conservative policy (1950), 70; hospitals, 115; press scare, 441; issue, 538; reforms (1990), 571; funding, 573; competition, 575

National Incomes Commission (NIC), 126

National Industrial Relations Court (NIRC), 204, 222

National Insurance, 44, 120, 121–2

National Plan (1965), 138

National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), 215–18, 228, 232, 234–5, 437; see also miners

National Union of Railwaymen (NUR), 446

National Union of Teachers (NUT), 166, 169, 177, 189

nationalism, 135, 509, 511, 522–7

nationalization, 69–70, 86, 150, 605; see also privatization

NATO: Hungary (1956),90; British role, 91, 349; MT’s attitude, 155, 362, 501, 519; European role, 340, 471, 475; post-Cold War role, 469, 503, 519, 532–3; US role, 475; Bosnia, 516–17

Nazism, 24, 29, 51, 600, 602

Neave, Airey: MT’s leadership campaign, 269–80, 282; MT’s office, 283, 293; Shadow Northern Ireland Secretary, 289, 327, 431; Central Office changes, 291–2; death, 434

Neave, Diana, 270

Neighbourhood Watch, 551

Netherlands, MT’s visit (1976), 345

neutron bomb, 371

New Members’ Dining Club, 114, 117

New Zealand: butter and lamb, 208; MT’s visit (1976), 386–7; economy, 585–6

Newspaper Editors’ Guild, 112

Newton, Sir Isaac, 20

Niarchos, Stavros, 78

Nicaragua, US aid, 528

1922 Committee: MT’s first meeting, 107; Macmillan, 117; du Cann’s Chairmanship, 225, 264, 285, 289, 335; Heath’s battle with, 263–4; MT’s leadership, 285

Nixon, Richard M., 196, 348, 349, 360

Noble, Michael, 202

North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA), 498, 503, 583

North Korea, 521, 527

North Sea oil, 322

North-South Summit (1981), 582

Northam, Reginald, 75

Northern Ireland: Conservative policies, 238; Papal discussions, 345

Nott, John, 265

Nottingham, trade unions, 111

Nottingham, University of, 19

Novak, Michael, 539

nuclear weapons: atomic bomb, 53–4, 175; SALT II, 365–6; Soviet strength, 366–7; neutron bomb, 371

nursery education, 159, 167, 188–9, 190–1, 192–3

Nutting, Anthony, 88

Oberon, Merle, 14

Observer , 89

Odom, William E., 533n

OECD, 578

Official Solicitor, 222

oil: crisis, 192, 228–30, 372–3; North Sea, 322

Olivier, Sir Laurence, 295

Onassis, Aristotle, 78

One Nation , 86

One Nation policy, 75

O’Neill, Con, 331

Onslow, Cranley, 363

OPEC, 372

Open University, 179

opinion polls: (1957–8), 92–3; (1963), 128; (1970), 161–3; (1973), 226, 231; (1974), 249, 257, 259; public attitudes to inflation and unemployment, 299; (1976), 316; Scottish devolution (1976), 324; (1977), 395, 404; (1978), 408–9, 415, 417; (1979), 429–30, 444, 449, 453, 455, 457, 458, 459, 460

Options for Change , 531

Orlov, Yuri, 371

Orpington: constituency, 85, 94, 99; by-election (1962), 115, 131

Orwell, George, 471–2

Osborne, Cyril, 154

Osborne, John, 77

O’Sullivan, John, 273, 351

Oxford Union, 42–3, 49

Oxford, University of, 35–60

Oxford University Appointments Committee, 61

Oxford University Conservative Association (OUCA), 42–60, 201

Oxford University Graduate Conservative Association (OUGCA), 62

Pacific Rim, 498, 598

pacifists, 28, 31, 33

Paderewski, Ignace Jan, 602

Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza, Shah of Iran, 365, 380–3, 393

pairing arrangements, 313–14

Pakistan, MT’s visit (1976), 383–4

Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO), 373, 376, 378–9

Pandolfi, Filippo, 345

Pannell, Charles, 107–8

Panorama , 279, 363

Pardoe, John, 131–2

Paris, liberation (1945), 38

Parris, Matthew, 294

Parsons, Anthony, 381

Partnership for Peace , 532–3

Pascal, Blaise, 365

Pasqua, Charles, 494

Paterson, Tessa Jardine, 441, 455

patrials, 212

Patten, Chris: CRD, 292, 410; speech writing, 306, 427; The Right Approach , 316; Stepping Stones discussions, 422; manifesto (1978–79), 435, 447; general election (1979), 443, 444, 450

Paul VI, Pope, 345

Pay Board, 225, 227, 234, 235, 236

pay policy, see incomes policies

Peace Ballot (1935), 10–11, 26

Pearl Harbor (1941), 33

pensioners, 115, 121, 440, 450, 548

pensions: Beveridge Report, 120–1; earnings rule, 121, 123–4; public expenditure, 543; age of retirement, 548–9; scaling back SERPS, 573

Pensions and National Insurance, Ministry of, 119–25

Pepper, Gordon, 303

Percival, Ian, 426

Peres, Shimon, 379

Perth Declaration (1968), 321

Peru, economy, 581, 583

petrol coupons, 230

Peyton, John, 278, 28on, 284, 421

Philby, Kim, 126

Philippines, US involvement, 521, 528

Phillips Curve, 567

picketing, 216–18, 437–8, see also Grunwick dispute

Pike, Mervyn, 112

Pile, Sir William (Bill), 165, 168, 176, 182

Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto, 530, 581

Pitt, Edith, 112

Pitt, William (the Younger), 15, 506

Plaza Agreement (1985), 478

Plowden Report, 184

Pöhl, Karl-Otto, 479

Poland: elections (1989), 508; NATO membership, 532–3; economy, 591–2, 593; MT’s visit (1993), 602–4

police: miners’ picketing (1972), 217–18; confidence in, 541

Policy Search group (‘Stepping Stones’), 421, 422

political correctness, 540

Pompidou, Georges, 207

Poos, Jacques, 495

Popper, Karl, 58–9

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), 198

Portillo, Michael, 443

Portugal, party politics, 340–1

Post Office unions, 399, 400

Potsdam Conference (1945), 45, 54

Poulson, John, 199n, 286

Powell, Anthony, 42

Powell, Enoch: One Nation , 86; Change is our Ally , 86; resignation (1958), 92; dining club speeches, 114; hospital building programme, 115; MT’s opinion of, 129, 162; refuses to join Home Government, 129; rejection of incomes policy, 141–2; immigration issue, 144–7, 212, 405; general election (1970), 162; opinion of U- turns, 196, 206, 221; on MT’s leadership, 196; opposition to EC entry, 207, 210; general election (February 1974), 237; member for South Down, 328