Ричард Грант - Английский язык. Теория и практика. Местоимение

I have no idea what colour to use in my room. What colours do you like? – Понятия не имею, в какой цвет покрасить свою комнату. Какие цвета (любые) тебе нравятся?

Местоимения whoever, whichever и whatever в вопросах передают изумление или негодование:

Whatever is this thing on the floor? – Что это такое на полу?

Упражнение 24

Поставьте необходимое вопросительное местоимение.

1. How … students are in the class right now? 2. … are you planning to leave? 3. … is that person next to you? 4. … are you writing a letter to? 5. … do you do for living? 6. … is the reason for your visit? We haven’t seen each other for a while. 7. … this book belong to? 8. … are you going after graduation? 9. … do you expect to be in five years? 10. … color do you prefer most? 11. … did you meet at the conference? 12. … pattern do you like? Both dresses look great. 13. … is your brother going to do with his job? 14. … did you go for the holiday? – We went to Spain. 15. … is responsible for guest accommodation in your hotel?

Упражнение 25

Выберите правильный вариант ответа .

1. The coach, ( which/who) was appointed just last week, made no comment on the situation. 2. Isn’t that the street ( which/where) the accident happened last night? 3. The human brain, ( which/what) weighs about 1400 grams, is ten times the size of a baboon’s. 4. There are several reasons ( where/why) I don’t want to talk to Mike. 5. This is the university ( which/where) I work. 6. The new guy in our group ( who/whose) name is Alex, seems really nice. 7. All the friends to ( who/whom) the e-mail was sent replied. 8. February 14th ( where/when) we express our love to each other, is known as St. Valentine’s Day. 9. A very popular breed of dog is the German Shepherd ( what/which) is often used as a guard dog. 10. The unsinkable Titanic sank on its maiden voyage, ( what/which) shocked the whole world.

– Относительные местоимения – связывают придаточное предложение с главным, при этом они отличаются от союзов тем, что являются членами придаточного предложения:

I know the lecturer who will make today’s report. ( who служит подлежащим придаточного предложения) – Я знаю лектора, который сегодня будет делать доклад.

К относительным местоимениям относятся:

who – который, кто, whose – чей, чьё, which – который, кто, that – тот, та, то

Местоимение who обозначает людей:

This is the engineer who has designed the new engine. – Вот тот инженер, который создал новый двигатель.

Местоимение whose отражает принадлежность к одушевленным предметам:

Do you remember the man whose car was stolen yesterday? – Помнишь человека, чью машину вчера угнали?

Местоимение which (который, которого) относится к неодушевленным предметам:

He showed me the museum which was founded 400 years ago. – Он показал мне музей, который был основан 400 лет назад.

Местоимение that может относиться и к одушевленным, и к неодушевленным предметам:

The musician that won the award is Italian. – Музыкант, который выиграл премию – итальянец.

I like the book that I bought yesterday. – Мне нравится книга, которую я купил вчера.

Упражнение 26

Поставьте необходимое относительное местоимение who, whose, which или that.

1. That is the shop … was awarded as the best shop in the city. 2. He didn’t follow the instructions … he was given, so he failed to pass the test. 3. The girl … brother goes with me to the gym is a good singer. 4. The girl … lived next door was very shy and couldn’t say a word to protect herself at school. 5. The man … broke into our house was caught in two days. 6. I need to buy a laptop … can work up to 5 hours without a charger. 7. She visits her grandmother … lives in the countryside every summer. 8. My father … is a doctor has no idea how to repair a car. 9. She was wearing a dress … looked like princess’. 10. The photo … is placed on the mantel was taken at the picnic two years ago. 11. The bookshelf … we bought last week has broken down. 12. The man … was sitting on the bench turned around and saw his granddaughter. 13. A woman … son was crying paid no attention to him. 14. The woman … car had broken down on her way home spent 3 hours waiting for help. 15. My best friend … I know for years will never let me down.

Упражнение 27

Сделайте из двух предложений одно, используя who, whose, which или that.

That’s the dog. Its owner is French. – That’s the dog whose owner is French.

1. That’s the girl. She spoke to me yesterday. 2. What’s the name of the book? You want me to read it. 3. The hotel we stayed in. The hotel was very expensive. 4. I rent a house. It is very small. 5. The car was stolen. It was a BMW. 6. The man smoked forty cigarettes a day. He died of a heart attack. 7. That’s the building. I work there. 8. That’s the boy. His mother works in the post office.

– Неопределенные местоимения – используются, когда вы не знаете или не хотите точно назвать некое лицо. Они обозначают неопределенный объект или объекты.

К неопределенным местоимениям относятся:

some – кое-кто, некоторые, something – кое-что, нечто, что-нибудь, somebody – кто-нибудь, кто-то, someone – кто-нибудь, кто-то, any – какой-нибудь, что-нибудь, anything – что-нибудь, всё, anybody – кто-нибудь, любой, anyone – кто-нибудь, любой, many – много, much – много, few – мало, little – мало

Местоимения, оканчивающиеся на -body и -one, ничем друг от друга не отличаются: