Rachel Busk - The Valleys of Tirol - Their traditions and customs and how to visit them

‘The procession was closed by the friends and neighbours, walking two and two, husband and wife together; and the church bells rang merrily through the valley as it passed along.

‘The ceremonial in the church was accompanied with the best music the locality could afford, the best singers from the neighbouring choirs lending their voices. To add to the solemnity of the occasion, lighted tapers were held by the bridal party at the Elevation; and it was amusing to observe how the young people shunned a candle that did not burn brightly, as that is held to be an omen of not getting married within the year. At the close of the function, the priest handed round to them the Johannissegen , a cup of spiced wine mixed with water, which he had previously blessed, probably so called in memory of the miracle at the wedding-feast recorded in the Gospel of that Apostle.

‘The band then struck up its most jocund air, and full of mirth the gladsome party wended their way to the inn. After a light repast and a short dance, and a blithesome Trutzlied , they passed on, according to custom, to the next, and so on to all the inns within a radius of a few miles. This absorbed about three or four hours; and then came the real wedding banquet, which was a very solid and long affair – in fact, I think fresh dishes were being brought in one after another for three or four hours more. Even in this there was a memory of the Gospel narrative, for in token of their joy they keep for the occasion a fatted calf, the whole of which is served up joint by joint, not omitting the head; this was preceded by soup, and followed by a second course of sweet dumplings, with fruit and the inevitable pickled cabbage, which on this day is dignified with the title of Ehrenkraut

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This is what the introduction of manufactories is doing in Italy at this moment. The director of a large establishment in Tuscany, which devours, to its own share, the growth of a whole hill-side every year, smiled at my simplicity when I expressed regret at hearing that no provision was made for replacing the timber as it is consumed.

Except the Legends of the Marmolata, which I have given in ‘Household Stories from the Land of Hofer; or, Popular Myths of Tirol,’ I hardly remember to have met any concerning its prominent heights.

I published much of the matter of the following pages in the first instance in the Monthly Packet , and I have to thank the Editor for my present use of them.

See Steub ‘Über die Urbewohner Rätiens und ihren Zusammenhang mit den Etruskern. Münich, 1843,’ quoted in Dennis’ Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria , I. Preface, p. xlv.

See it in use below, p. 28, and comp. Etruscan Res. p. 302, note.

Somewhat like pleurer . A good many words are like French, as gutschle , a settle (couche); schesa , a gig; and gespusa , mentioned above, is like épouse; and au , for water, is common over N. Tirol, as well as Vorarlberg, e. g. infra , pp. 24, 111. &c.

Comp. Etrus. Res. 339–41.

Several places have received their name from having grown round such a hut; some of these occur outside Vorarlberg, as for instance Kühthei near St. Sigismund ( infra , p. 331) in the Lisenthal, and Niederthei in the Œtzthal.

Comp. ma = earth, land, Etrus. Res. pp. 121, 285.

Comp. subulo , Etrus. Res. 324. Dennis i. 339.

Infra , p. 411.

See e.g., infra , p. 202.

Etrus. Res. p. 330.

P. 79.

Professor Max Müller, Chips from a German Workshop .

Rev. G. W. Cox, Prof. De Gubernatis, Dr. Dasent, &c.

In the Contemporary Review for March 1874.

Mr. Cox had pointed it out before him, however, and more fully, Mythology of the Aryan Nations , ii. 200.

Tullio Dandolo.

Depping, Romancero , Preface .

The usual fate of relying on Road-books. Ours, I forget whether Amthor’s or Trautwein’s, said there was regular communication between Oberriet and Feldkirch, and nothing could be further from the fact, as will be seen a few pages later.

If Pfäffers is visited by rail (see p. 23), it is convenient to take it before Feldkirch.

See further quaint details and historical particulars in Vonbun, Sagen Vorarlbergs , p. 103–5.

Vonbun, pp. 113–4.

Historical particulars in Vonbun, pp. 110–1.

Vonbun, pp. 86–7.

It may also be reached by railway as it is but three or four miles from Ragatz, two stations beyond Buchs (p. 13).

It has been suggested by an eminent comparative mythologist that it is natural Luc -ius should be said to have brought ‘the Light of the Gospel’ to men of Licht -enstein.

The traitor was loaded with heavy armour and thrown over the Ill precipice. See Vonbun’s parallel with the tradition of the Tarpeian rock, p. 99 n. 2.

Notably at Raggal, Sonntag, Damüls, Luterns, and also in Lichtenstein. – Vonbun, pp. 107–8.

Infra , Chapter viii., p. 238.

Vonbun, pp. 92–3.

Some analogous cases quoted in Sagas from the Far East , pp. 365, 383–5.

Father! take me also with you.

Vonbun, pp. 115–7.

The story of its curious success against the Bavarians in 1703, p. 287–8. From Landeck there is a fine road (the description of which belongs to Snitt-Tirol), over the Finstermünz and Stelvio, to the baths of Bormio or Worms.