Evelyn Abbott - The History of Antiquity, Vol. 3 (of 6)

Goodwin in Chabas, "Mélanges," 1, 249 ff.

Among the Hebrews, the king with whom Hoshea of Israel (734-722 B.C.), negotiates is called Seveh (So). Sargon's inscriptions name the opponent against whom he fought at Raphia in the year 720 B.C. "Sabhi, Sar of the land of Muzur," and also "Sabhi Siltannu of Muzur." The inscription of Karnak gives Sabakon's (Shabaka's) twelfth year; we must, therefore, although Manetho's list allows him only eight years, assume that Sabakon was the opponent of Sargon at Raphia, as stated in a preceding note. If Sabakon died immediately after his twelfth year, he died in 717 B.C. The ruler of Egypt who pays tribute to Sargon in the year 716, is repeatedly called by the Assyrian inscriptions, "Pirhu (Pharaoh), Sar of Muzur." So in the cylinder of G. Smith ("Disc." p. 295), the ruler of Egypt, who unites with Ashdod in the year 711 B.C., is called "Pirhu Sar of Muzur;" finally, the prince who delivers up Yaman, when it has been mentioned that Yaman fled beyond Egypt into the border land of Miluhhi, is called by Sargon "Sar Miluhhi." The Pharaoh, Sar Muzur, whom we find on the throne of Egypt in 716 to 711 B.C., and the Sar Miluhhi, who gives up Yaman, can only be Shabataka-Sebichus, the successor of Sabakon.

Mariette, "Monuments," pl. 29 e.

Not much weight could be laid on the observation in the Palatine codex of Hieronymus (Jerome); Tarachus (ab Æthiopia duxit exercitum), Sebico interfecto Ægyptiis regnavit annis xx.; but in the inscription of Medinet Habu Tirhaka calls himself conqueror of Kemi, i. e. of Egypt.

Lepsius, "Briefe," s. 239, 275.

Brugsch, "Geogr." 1, 163.

Strabo, p. 61, 686, 687. Büdinger's view ("Ægypt. Forschung. Herodots," 2, 32), that we must recognise Tirhaka in the Etearchus of Herodotus might be adopted if the narrative did not too definitely point out travelling Cyrenæans as the source; and the founding of Cyrene cannot be carried back to the time of Tirhaka.

2 Kings xvi. 10-18.

No one can seriously maintain that Ahaz imitated the ritual of the chief enemy of Assyria and Judah, the altar and worship of Rezin, who was moreover now overthrown.

Isa. i. 3, 5-9; ii. 6.

The Books of Kings are only wrong in representing Hoshea as first subject, and paying tribute, to Shalmanesar IV. (xvii. 3).

2 Kings xvii. 4.

Isa. xiv. 29-31.

Isa. xxiii. 1-12.

Isa. xxviii. 1-6.

So must we read for 800; 60 penteconters required 3000; 60 triremes at least 8000 rowers.

"Antiq." 9, 14, 2.

As Samaria was besieged 724-722 B.C., we may place the beginning of the Assyrian war in 726.

Oppert, "Dour Sarkayan," p. 8, 30; "Records of the Past," 7, 28; E. Schrader, "K. A. T." s. 160; Ménant, "Annal." p. 161.

E. Schrader, loc. cit. s. 158; Ménant, "Annal." p. 181.

L. 26, in Ménant, loc. cit. p. 192.

L. 17, in Ménant, p. 200.

2 Kings xvii. 6, 24.

"The Annals of Sargon," Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 29.

Oppert, loc. cit. 7, 30.

G. Smith, "Assyr. Canon," p. 125, 126.

Isa. xi. 6-8; 2 Chron. xxx. 6, 10; xxxiv. 9.

2 Kings xvii. 26 ff.

Inscription of Nimrud, in Ménant, loc. cit. p. 205; in E. Schrader, loc. cit. p. 90.

"Annals of Sargon," Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 29; G. Smith, loc. cit.

In the great hall No. 8, in Botta. Ménant, p. 182.

Memorial-stone of Larnaka, in Ménant, p. 207; G. Smith, "Assyr. Canon," p. 127.

Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 29; E. Schrader, "K. A. T." 258; Ménant, loc. cit. p. 161.

Ménant, loc. cit. p. 159, 192.

E. Schrader, loc. cit. s. 258.

Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 34.

Communication from E. Schrader.

E. Schrader, "K. A. T." s. 258; Ménant, loc. cit. p. 181.

Isa. xx. 1 ff.

Oppert, loc. cit. 7, 40; Ménant, p. 169; cf. l. 12 of the inscription on the bulls in Ménant, p. 162.

G. Smith's Cylinder, "Disc." p. 289 ff.

Ménant, p. 159.

Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 26.

E. Schrader, "K. A. T." s. 257 ff.; cf. Ménant, loc. cit. p. 186.

Ménant, loc. cit. p. 159.

Ménant, p. 189, 206-208. That the stone cannot have been set up in Babylon before the payment of tribute in 709B.C., is proved by the mention of the tribute upon it. Cp. G. Smith, "Z. Ægypt. Sprache," 1869, s. 109; 1870, s. 70, 71.

Flandin gives the long and short sides of the rectangle doubled at 6784 metres; the inscription which reckons in the whole circuit the building of the palace which juts out from the rest, at 16,280 cubits ( ammat ). The Babylonian and Assyrian cubits are both = 525 millimetres; Lepsius, "Abh. Berl. Akad." 1853; "Monats-Berichte Ders." 1877. Vol. I. p. 305.

Rawlinson, "Monarch," 12, 324 ff.

Oppert, "Dour Sarkayan," p. 23, 24.

Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 55, 56.

Oppert, "Dour Sarkayan," p. 8.

In Ménant, loc. cit. p. 181.

Oppert, "Dour Sarkayan," p. 27, 28; Oppert et Ménant, "Doc. juridiques," p. 168.

Ménant, "Annal." 162. In Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 30, the fourth canton is called Pappa. Above, p. 86.

Inscription of Nimrud in Ménant, loc. cit. p. 206. He reads two talents 30 minæ of gold; G. Smith reads 11 talents of gold.

Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 32.

Oppert, "Records of the Past," 7, 35, 36, 37. Vol I., p. 520.

Annals in Ménant, loc. cit. p. 164.

Annals in Ménant, p. 164; Oppert, loc. cit. 7, 33.

Ménant p. 183.

Oppert, loc cit. 7, 34.

Ménant, p. 184.

Ménant p. 167; Oppert, loc. cit. 7, 37.