Janine Wedel - Unaccountable - How Elite Power Brokers Corrupt Our Finances, Freedom, and Security

Independent editor Sarah Flynn also has been invaluable. Her ability to find the best way to express my ideas, her effectiveness as both sounding board and wordsmith, and her unflagging commitment to the project have seen me through every draft of the manuscript, from its beginnings as a proposal.

I am also grateful to Jessica Case, my editor at Pegasus. Not only did she “get” the book right away. Her enthusiasm for the project, feedback on the manuscript, flexibility, and patience have been considerable—and are very much appreciated.

Michael Carlisle, my agent, has been as usual a gem. I thank him for his confidence in me, his insights into the nature of the topic, and his steadfast help and good judgment.

A number of colleagues generously read and commented on drafts of the manuscript. For extensive and invaluable feedback on multiple chapters, I am eternally indebted to Lisa Margonelli and Adam Pomorski. I also thank Adam Pomorski for, as usual, offering guidance throughout the project. Hülya Demirdirek, John Clarke, Jack High, Jeremy Mayer, Alexandra Ouroussoff, Piotr Ozierański, Helen Sutch, and Joseph Vogl also reviewed the manuscript and made valuable suggestions. Todd R. LaPorte, Julia Pfaff, Tony Pfaff, and Bill White read parts of the manuscript (in Bill’s case, multiple times) and provided supportive and detailed critiques. For feedback on specific points or sections, I thank also Jamil Afaqi, and Gary Lyndaker. I am grateful to Terry Redding and Caroline Taylor for editorial suggestions.

I am indebted to several scholars who organized workshops that provided opportunities for discussion: Karel Williams of Manchester University and Aeron Davis of the University of London (Goldsmiths College), “Fractured Power: Elites in Our Time”; Christina Garsten and the Copenhagen Business School, “Bridging Markets and Politics”; Paul Stubbs, Alexandra Kaasch, and the University of Bremen, “Actors and Agency in Global Social Governance”; Alan Smart, Filippo Zerilli, the Royal Museum for Central Africa, and the Free University Brussels, “Norms in the Margins and Margins of the Norms”; and Christina Garsten and the Stockholm Anthropology Roundtable, “Brokers and the Shaping of Transnational Markets.” Featured talks kindly arranged by Harold James at Princeton University; Victor Niederhoffer at NYC Junto; the European Journalism Observatory, Lugano, Switzerland; the Freie Universität Berlin; David Miller and the University of Strathclyde; TEDxBerlin; and the Bruno Kreisky Forum for International Dialogue, Vienna, also helped me hone my arguments.

I am extremely grateful to Karelle Samuda for highly skilled research, help in crystallizing certain points, and careful fact-checking. I also thank Lydia Greenberg for pulling together research on specific aspects of corruption.

I thank the Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET), the Park Foundation, the Center for Global Studies at George Mason University, and private donors Victor Niederhoffer and Fern Goering, who funded specific research related to the project. I also thank the New America Foundation, where I began work on this book as a senior research fellow.

I thank Bryan Bender, Christopher Rowland, and the Boston Globe for generously sharing their database of 750 retired generals and admirals with my Mapping Shadow Influence Project. The book draws on some of these data.

The School of Public Policy at George Mason University has supplied me with a supportive academic home, for which I am most grateful. I am especially indebted to my students and former students, from whose real-world experience in their chosen professions I benefit significantly.

I am grateful to friends who both put me up (when on the road) and put up with me, in particular Michał and Irena Federowicz and the Occasional University of Lewes and Hyères. As always, I am especially and profoundly indebted to Adam and Basia Pomorscy for their generous and abiding help and friendship.

And while this project might not have come to fruition without the generous assistance of so many, I alone am responsible for the final product.

JANINE R. WEDEL

Washington, D.C.

June 2014

Index

Page numbers listed correspond to the print edition of this book. You can use your device’s search function to locate particular terms in the text.

A

Abdel-Rahman, Omar, 118

Abelson, Don, 181, 188

Abramoff, Jack, 9–10, 55

accountability. See also transparency; unaccountability

deniability and, 40–42, 72

ethics and, x, 28–29, 37–38, 259–263

informality and, 10–11, 43–47

lapses in, 12

performance of, 30

practical measures for, 272–274

shadow lobbyists and, x, 53–57, 111, 168, 261, 266

strategies for, 263–274

systems for, 33–34

trust and, ix, 6–12, 24–33, 40–48, 67–77, 93–94, 100–108, 159–160, 223–225, 262–267

accountability journalism, 73, 114–121, 126–127, 143. See also journalism

accountability systems, 33–34

Ackman, William, 236–238

Affordable Care Act, 50

Aidid, Mohammed Farah, 61

al-Khawaja, Maryam, 138–139

Anders, George, 17

Anderson, Jon Lee, 194

anthropology, xi, 26, 104–105, 145, 216

anti-corruption. See also corruption

approaches to, xii

High Priests and, xii, 74–100

impact of, 12

Assange, Julian, 133–134

“astroturfing,” 227, 232–233

authenticity, 102–104, 108

B

Bair, Sheila, 66, 71, 172

Band, Douglas, 15, 248–249

Barber, Benjamin, 208–211

Barstow, David, 160

Baucus, Max, 235

Baudrillard, Jean, 105, 122

Becker, Gary, 80, 89

Bender, Bryan, 120, 159–161, 164, 182

Berman, Richard, 229–230

Bezos, Jeff, 13

Bible, 8, 266

“big government,” 89, 234, 242

bin Laden, Osama, 25

Blagojevich, Rod, 9–10

Blair, Tony, 10, 15–16, 92, 247, 250–252, 270

Blinder, Alan, 166

Blodget, Henry, 110–111

Bloomberg, Michael, 229

Born, Brooksley, 18–19, 23, 66, 67, 71

Boyer, Dominic, 104–105, 109, 258

Boyes, Roger, 69, 93

“brain drain,” 120–121

bribery, 6–9, 28, 60, 75–77, 84–85, 90–92

Broadwell, Paula, 192, 194

Brown, Sherrod, 171–172

Brownlee, Shannon, 232–233

Brulle, Robert, 202

Bryce, Robert, 201

bureaucracy, 29–35

Bush, George H. W., 80

Bush, George W., 58, 64, 133, 154, 176, 209, 247

C

Campbell, Kurt M., 186, 189–190

Carr, David, 107

Carrick-Hagenbarth, Jessica, 214

Cassidy, John, 110

Ceauşescu, Nicolae, 60

Chafuen, Alejandro, 203

Cheney, Dick, 209

Chertoff, Michael, 112–113, 269

“churnalism,” 127, 143

Cillizza, Chris, 107

civil society, 86, 98, 196–199, 264

Clapper, James R., Jr., 153–158

Clarke, John, 29

Clemons, Steve, 179

Clinton, Bill, 15–16, 25, 64, 92, 151, 166, 176, 247–252, 270

Clinton, Hillary, 58, 186, 188, 249–250

cliques, 18–19

Cloud, David, 190, 191

Coakley, Martha, 241

code of ethics, 213–217, 222, 263, 268. See also ethics

Cohen, Stevie, 118

Colbert, Stephen, 8, 14, 104–106, 108, 258

collaborators, 45–47

company-state, 147–151, 158, 173–177, 182

Confessore, Nicholas, 107

confidence in leaders, 14–17, 27–28

“contracting out,” 33–34, 150, 165, 173–174

Conway, Erik, 200

Copps, Michael, 126

corruption. See also new corruption

anti-corruption, xii, 12, 74–100

bribery and, 6–9, 28, 60, 75–77, 84–85, 90–92