Andrew Roberts - Waterloo - June 18, 1815 - The Battle for Modern Europe

Friant, General Louis 103

Friedland, Battle of 25, 40, 64

Garcia Hernandez, Battle of 78, 79

Gardiner, Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Robert 88, 89, 109

George III, King 22, 49

Gérard, Marshal Étienne-Maurice 72, 118

Gneisenau, General August Wilhelm Anton von 33, 89, 114

Golzio, Lieutenant-Colonel Baron 97

Graham, Corporal James 57–8

Graham, Corporal Joseph 57

Gronow, Ensign Howell Rees 15–16, 50, 59, 80–1, 82, 84, 85, 96, 106, 111

Grouchy, Marshal Emmanuel de 34–5, 37, 38, 39, 53, 63, 72, 89, 100, 101, 116, 117, 118

Guyot, Major-Colonel Claude-Etienne 80

Halkett, General Sir Colin 84, 95, 104, 105, 107

Hannibal 30

Harris, Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. William 125

Heymès, Colonel 92, 94

Hill, Paul 103

Hill, General Rowland 38–9

Hofschröer, Peter 113

Houssaye, Henri 92

Hugo, Victor 85–6, 87

Jackson, Andrew 22

Jacquinot, General 70

Jomini, General Antoine-Henri 13, 114

Keegan, Sir John 55

Kellerman, Marshal François-Christophe de 80, 82, 84

Kelly, Acting Quartermaster-General Major Dawson 96

Kempt, Major-General Sir James 67, 71, 95

Kennedy, Captain Alexander Clark 69

Kennedy, General Sir James Shaw 16–17, 55, 77–8, 79, 86, 92, 95–6

Kincaid, Captain John 62

Lambert, General Sir John 71

Lancey, Quartermaster-General Colonel Sir William de 114

Larrey, Dominique-Jean, Baron 54

Le Caillou (farmhouse) 40, 102, 110

Le Moniteur 34

Lefebvre-Desnoëttes, General Charles 77

Leipzig, Battle of 40

Lennox, Georgina 27, 28

Lloyd, Major William 104

Lobau, Marshal Georges Mouton, Comte de 63, 87, 97–8, 109

Longford, Countess Elizabeth 55

Louis XVIII, King 19

Louisiana Purchase (1804) 122

Macara, Sir Robert 123

Macdonneil, Colonel James 57, 58–9

Maitland, Major-General Peregrine 59

Marchand, Louis 54

Marcognet, General 67

Marengo, Battle of 25, 40, 84

Marmont, Marshal Auguste-Frédéric-Louis 84

Masséna, Marshal André 32

Mercer, Captain Alexander Cavalié 35–6, 83, 110

Michel, General 103

Milhaud, General Edouard-Jean-Baptiste 77, 79, 82, 86

Mithridates Eupator, King of Pontus 121

Mont St Jean 36, 40, 54, 57, 89, 100

Moore, Sir John 68

Muffling, General Philipp Friedrich Carl Ferdinand von 71, 88, 101

Murat, Marshal Joachim 38

Napier, Captain 106

Napoleon II, King of Rome 21

Napoleon: For and Against (Geyl) 95

Napoleonic Wars 14–15, 40, 63, 64, 66, 75, 78, 102

Nassau, Prince of 28

Ney, Marshal Michel 13, 26, 30, 31, 32, 34. 35. 61, 64, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 91, 93, 94, 100, 101–2, 103, 105, 110, 116, 117, 128

Notes on the Battle of Waterloo (Kennedy) 17

Ompteda, Colonel Christian Frederick William von 93

O’Neil, Charles 36–7, 80, 92, 94, 120

Orange, William, Prince of 28

Pack, Major-General Sir Denis 67

Pakenham, General Sir Edward 22

Peninsular War 27, 32, 36, 41, 49, 64, 65, 68, 78–9, 119

Phillips, Wendell 120–1

Picton, Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas 66, 67, 68, 71, 115

Ponsonby, Major-General Sir William 68, 69–70, 76, 126, 131

Powell, Lieutenant Captain Harry Weyland 106

Prussian army 23–4, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34–5. 37–8. 40, 52. 53. 62, 63, 71, 72, 87, 88, 93, 96, 97, 99, 101, 110, 113, 114, 117, 118

Quiot, General 67, 73

Ramsay, Major William Norman 105

Rebecque, General Constant 30

Reille, Marshal Honoré-Charles-Michel-Joseph 55, 56, 100, 102, 115

Reminiscences (Gronow) 80–1

Richmond, General Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of 27–8

Richmond, Charlotte, Duchess of 13, 114, 123, 124

Rogers, Brevet-Major 109

Roguet, General François 103, 108–9

Ropes, John 114

Ros, Lady de 28, 123

St Helena 14, 111, 116

Saltoun, Lieutenant-General Alexander George Fraser, 16th Baron 59

Scharnhorst, General Gerhard Johann David von 24

Schwerin, Graf von 55

Siborne, Captain William 92

Sobraon, Battle of 123

Somerset, Fitzroy 83

Somerset, General Lord Robert Edward Henry 68, 70, 86, 131

Soult, Marshal (Nicolas) Jean-de-Dieu 27, 41, 61, 64, 86, 114–15, 117

Subervie, General Jacques–Gervais 63

Suchet, Marshal Louis-Gabriel 38

Sunderland, University of 51

Tennyson, Alfred Lord 14

Thielmann, Lieutenant-General Johann Adolf von 89

Tomkinson, Captain William 16, 89

Uxbridge, Field Marshal Henry William Paget, 2nd Earl of 36, 68

Vandeleur, Major-General Sir John Ormsby 70, 88, 89, 102, 108

Vincke, Colonel von 67

Vivian, Major-General Sir Richard Hussey 88, 89, 102, 108, 109

Voice from Waterloo, A (Cotton) 13

von Bijlandt, Major–General Graf van 66, 67, 71

Wagram, Battle of 64

Waterloo, Battle of: Bois de Paris 88; Braine l’Alleud 53, 104; British reinforced by two Prussian corps 37–8; British retreat to Mont St Jean 35–7; casualties 67; Charleroi 21, 25, 27, 29, 35. 39. 40, 77. 93. 96–7. 127; chivalry 15–16; choice of battlefield 29; close-run battle 101; commencement 19–21, 55–6; Duchess of Richmond’s ball 13; Forest of Soignes 37–8, 40, 52, 72, 114; French accounts of 85–7; French defeated and flee 108–11; Frischermont château 50, 53, 87, 88; Gembloux 37, 38, 71; Genappe 36; Hal 38, 39, 40, 114, 115, 118, 131; historical accounts of 13–14; historical significance of 13–17, 121–2; Hougoumont 49, 50, 55–9, 75, 78, 82, 95, 97, 100–1, 103, 104, 106, 107; Imperial Guard attempts to break Wellington’s line 99–103; interaction of cavalry, infantry and artillery 61–2; La Belle Alliance 50, 89, 93–4, 102, 103, 105, 109, 111, 131; La Haye Sainte 49, 50, 53, 65, 71, 73, 75, 78, 86, 89, 91–3, 95, 97, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 108, 120, 127, 130, 131; Ligny 30, 31–2, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 54, 62, 105, 113, 116–17, 120, 130, Lion Mound 103, 115; logistical problems 21, 27, 94–5; loyalty, worries on both sides about 23–4; lull in fighting 71; mud 51, 52, 65; Napoleon launches massive infantry assault under d’Erlon 63–73, 75; Ney leads heavy cavalry attack 75–87, 105; Ohain road 49, 51, 86, 106, 115, 131–2; Papelotte 51, 53, 65, 100; Plancenoit 88, 93, 97, 102, 109, 118; Prussian army arrives on battlefield 88–9; Quatre Bras 26, 29–32. 35–6, 39. 40, 66, 67, 76, 113, 116, 117, 120, 123, 130; ravine of death 86–7; sandpit 62–3, 66, 71, 93; size of battlefield 53–4; Smohain 99; soldiers’ letters 124–5, 126–8; Sombreffe 29, 30; squares 78, 80–1, 83, 84, 109, 127, 128; strategic and tactical errors 113–19; topography 49–51, 103; troop numbers 20–3, 24, 39–40, 82, 87–8, 119–20; Wavre 33–4, 37. 52 53. 66, 71–2, 89, 117, 120, 130; weather 38, 51–3; Wellington’s line, break opens up in 95–6

Waterloo (film, 1973) 86

Waterloo Ball, The (Fraser) 123

Waterloo Companion, The (Adkin) 39

Weller, Jac 39, 113–14, 116

Wellington, Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of: battle line and positioning 40–1, 49–50, 52, 53, 54, 56, 66, 86, 88–9, 115, 129–32; Blücher, communications with 26, 31; close-run battle, comments upon 120; communication problems 119; confidence 23; danger points in battle 93–6, 97–8; Duchess of Richmond’s ball, attends 27–9, 114; flexible defence 62; Forest of Soignes, chooses to fight in front of 40–1; Hal, leaves 17, 000 troops at 38–9, 114–15; head of Anglo-Allied armies, role as 20; Imperial Guard attack, reaction to 99–109; inexperienced staff, complains about 27; likens the description of a battle to a ball 13; mistakes 25, 29, 91, 113–15; mortal danger 81, 83, 96; Napoleon criticises tactics of 39; Napoleon, humbugged by 25, 29; Napoleon, rivalry with 17, 41; Napoleon, similarities with 30–1; Napoleonic tactics, criticises 65, 116; Ney’s cavalry charge, reaction to 78, 82; orders, interpretations of 76, 83; personal fighting 81, 83; Prussian retreat to Wavre, describes the importance of 33; Prussians, liaison with 71, 73, 88–9, 118, 131–2; reinforced 37–8; retreat to Mont St Jean 34, 35; strengthening of line, importance of 89, 131; topography, use of 30–2; troop numbers 21, 40; troops, lack of experience within 22, 24; turning point of battle, nominates the closing of the gates at Hougoumont as 57–9, 131; Uxbridge, relationship with 68–9; Waterloo despatch 129–32; Waterloo, chooses battlefield of 29–30, 115