Diagnosis and Fault-tolerant Control Volume 2

1 Cover

2 Title Page SCIENCES Systems and Industrial Engineering , Field Director – Jean-Paul Bourrières Reliability, Diagnosis, Safety and Maintenance of Systems , Subject Head – Jean-Marie Flaus

3 Copyright First published 2021 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address: ISTE Ltd 27-37 St George’s Road London SW19 4EU UK www.iste.co.uk John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA www.wiley.com © ISTE Ltd 2021 The rights of Vicenç Puig and Silvio Simani to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Library of Congress Control Number: 2021941902 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-78945-059-0 ERC code: PE7 Systems and Communication Engineering PE7_1 Control engineering

4 1 Nonlinear Methods for Fault Diagnosis 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Fault diagnosis tasks 1.3. Model-based fault diagnosis 1.4. Data-driven fault diagnosis 1.5. Model-based and data-driven integrated fault diagnosis 1.6. Robust fault diagnosis problem 1.7. Summary 1.8. References

5 2 Linear Parameter Varying Methods 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Preliminaries: a classical approach 2.3. Problem statement 2.4. Robust active fault-tolerant control design 2.5. Application: an anaerobic bioreactor 2.6. Conclusion 2.7. References

6 3 Fuzzy and Neural Network Approaches 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Fuzzy model design 3.3. Neural model design 3.4. Fault estimation and diagnosis 3.5. Fault-tolerant control 3.6. Illustrative examples 3.7. Conclusion 3.8. Acknowledgment 3.9. References

7 4 Model Predictive Control Methods 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Idea of MPC 4.3. Robustness of MPC 4.4. Neural-network-based robust MPC 4.5. Robust control of a pneumatic servo 4.6. Conclusion 4.7. References

8 5 Nonlinear Modeling for Fault-tolerant Control 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Fault-tolerant control strategies 5.3. Fault diagnosis and tolerant control 5.4. Summary 5.5. References

9 6 Virtual Sensors and Actuators 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Problem statement 6.3. Virtual sensors and virtual actuators 6.4. LMI-based design 6.5. Additional considerations 6.6. Application example 6.7. Conclusion 6.8. References

10 7 Conclusions 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Closing remarks 7.3. References

11 8 Open Research Issues 8.1. Further works and open problems 8.2. Summary 8.3. References

12 List of Authors

13 Index

14 Summary of Volume 1

15 End User License Agreement

1 Cover

2 Table of Contents

3 Title page

4 Copyright First published 2021 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address: ISTE Ltd 27-37 St George’s Road London SW19 4EU UK www.iste.co.uk John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA www.wiley.com © ISTE Ltd 2021 The rights of Vicenç Puig and Silvio Simani to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Library of Congress Control Number: 2021941902 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-78945-059-0 ERC code: PE7 Systems and Communication Engineering PE7_1 Control engineering

5 Begin Reading

6 List of Authors

7 Index

8 Summary of Volume 1

9 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1. Fault diagnosis moduleFigure 1.2. Model-based fault diagnosis strategyFigure 1.3. Residual generation strategyFigure 1.4. Residual generator input–output formFigure 1.5. Parity vector approachFigure 1.6. MIMO parity vectorFigure 1.7. Diagnostic residual observerFigure 1.8. Data-driven fault diagnosisFigure 1.9. Neuron representation exampleFigure 1.10. Nonlinear ARX neural networkFigure 1.11. Example of dynamic neural networkFigure 1.12. Fault diagnosis approach integrationFigure 1.13. Online estimation for fault diagnosis

2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1. Anaerobic bioreactorFigure 2.2. The referential inputsFigure 2.3. The system output y 1(t): nominal output, output without FTC and out...Figure 2.4. The system output y2 (t): nominal output, output without FTC and out...Figure 2.5. The real actuator fault and its estimatedFigure 2.6. The real actuator fault and its estimated

3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1. The structure of the developed RNNFigure 3.2. Robust predictive FT schemeFigure 3.3. Comparison between nonlinear and Takagi–Sugeno response of the syste...Figure 3.4. Actuator faults f a,1(a) and f a,2(b). For a color version of this ...Figure 3.5. Sensor faults f s,1(a) and f s,2(b). For a color version of this fi...Figure 3.6. State variables ω v(a) and ω h(b). For a color version of this figur...Figure 3.7. State variables ω v(a) and ω h(b). For a color version of this figur...Figure 3.8. Main and tail rotor angular position based on FTC and non-FTC (a) as...Figure 3.9. Appropriate control inputs u 1and u 2. For a color version of this fi...

4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1. Idea of MPC. For a color version of this figure, see www.iste.co.uk/...Figure 4.2. Neural network with external dynamicsFigure 4.3. Scheme of pneumatic servomechanismFigure 4.4. Modeling: process output (blue-solid) and model output (red-dashed)....Figure 4.5. Uncertainty modeling: process output (black-solid), fundamental mode...Figure 4.6. Control performance for random steps: reference profile (black-dashe...Figure 4.7. Control performance for the ramp signal: reference profile (black-da...Figure 4.8. Control performance for harmonic steps: reference profile (black-das...

5 Chapter 6Figure 6.1. The quadruple-tank systemFigure 6.2. Virtual actuator results. For a color version of this figure, see ww...Figure 6.3. Virtual sensor results. For a color version of this figure, see www....

6 Chapter 8Figure 8.1. Key points of sustainable approachFigure 8.2. Link between objectives, overall goals and impactsFigure 8.3. Sustainable control design tasksFigure 8.4. Sustainable design strategy tasks and targets

1 Chapter 1Table 1.1. Training algorithm examples